孔雀石绿-溴酸钾催化分光光度法测量亚硝酸根

采用流动注射技术和催化分光光度法相结合,研究了在磷酸介质中,亚硝酸根对溴酸钾氧化孔雀石绿褪色反应的催化作用及其动力学条件,建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量亚硝酸根的新方法。方法检出限为0.9ng/mL,测定的线性范围为5—60ng/mL,且线性相关系数为0.9983,对于浓度为30ng/mL的亚硝酸根标准液测定的相对标准偏差仅为1.0。该方法适用范围广,具有较好的准确性、稳定性和灵敏度,且实验操作方便、快速。利用此方法测定不同水样中的亚硝酸根,加标回收率在88.6%—104.8%之间,分析结果令人满意。     

基于高光谱图像的玉米种子特征提取与识别

玉米种子的形态特征是玉米品种识别的重要因素之一.采用高光谱成像系统获取9个品种共432粒玉米种子的高光谱反射图像,对图像进行校正和预处理,提取每个样本在563.6～911.4nm共55个波段范围内的形状特征.分别利用单波段、多波段和全波段下的玉米种子形状特征结合偏最小二乘判别法进行模型分类.结果显示,全波段范围内训练集和测试集的平均正确识别率达到98.31%和93.98%,均优于多波段和单波段的正确识别率.研究表明,该方法能充分利用高光谱图像中可见光和近红外区域的有效特征信息,较准确地鉴别玉米品种,为玉米品种的自动识别领域提供了一种新方法.     

微型光谱分析系统检测食品添加剂山梨酸的研究

基于对微型光谱仪的二次深度研发,构建了新型食品安全检测微型光谱分析系统,并采用标准加入法,对牛肉粒中的食品添加剂山梨酸进行快速定量检测。结果表明,采用标准加入法消除了样本基体成分的干扰,牛肉粒中山梨酸在0～10.0 mg·L-1质量浓度范围内有良好的线性关系(R2=0.998 9),山梨酸加标回收率为99.2%～99.5%,RSD(n=5)为0.14%。该微型光谱分析系统在食品添加剂检测应用方面表现出良好的实用化前景。     

荧光分光光度法定量分析OP乳化剂

通过对OP(聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚)乳化剂的荧光光谱研究,发现其在304nm处产生较强的荧光.在pH 5.5的B-R缓冲溶液中,OP乳化剂的荧光强度与其浓度在一定范围内呈良好的线性关系,据此建立了一种新的高灵敏度的测定方法.在0.1-50.0μg/mL的浓度范围内,测定波长λex/λem=226nm/304nm的回归方程为:F=22.12C+9.825(C:μg/mL,r=0.9995),检出限为0.068μg/mL;测定波长λex/λem=276nm/304nm的回归方程为:F=90.08C-10.12 (C:μg/mL,r=0.9999),检出限为0.053μg/mL.采用此两组测定波长对同组样品进行测定,样品回收率均在96.5％以上,对测定结果进行F检验和t检验分析,得出两组数据之间无显著性差异.方法灵敏度高,抗干扰能力较强,可用于测定较复杂环境样品中微量OP乳化剂含量.     

Efficient Multiparty Quantum Secret Sharing of Secure Direct Communication Based on Bell States and Continuous Variable Operations

By using some ordered Bell states as quantum channel, we propose a protocol for multiparty quantum secret sharing of secure direct communication. The present scheme follows the ideas of dense coding and ping-pong technique. It has a high source capacity as each traveling photon carries two bits of classical secret messages, and has a high intrinsic efficiency because almost all the instances are useful. Since the continuous variable operations instead of the discrete unitary operations used usually are employed to realize the sharing controls, the security of the present protocol is therefore enhanced. Furthermore, due to existing multilevel security checking procedures, the present scheme can prevent against some usual attack strategies.     

The influence of laser and powder defocusing characteristics on the surface quality in laser direct metal deposition

To investigate the influencing rules of the variations of powder and laser defocusing distance on surface quality and obtain the smooth surface of parts in laser direct metal deposition, the thin-walled metal parts were fabricated under three different powder defocusing distances and three different laser defocusing distances conditions. The experimental results show that a high surface quality can be obtained with the powder focussed below the substrate and laser focussed above the substrate process, and the variation in which the powder focus moves from above to below the melt pool plays a leading role and the variation in which the laser focus moves from above to below the melt pool plays a supplementary role in the influence on the surface quality. To explain the experimental results, a simple model of the track height is established.     

Investigation on the electric-field-induced Pockels effect and optical rectification in near-intrinsic silicon samples

Based on the classical polarization theory, we studied and specified the physical mechanism of the electric-field-induced (EFI) Pockels effect and optical rectification in the space charge region of a near-intrinsic silicon sample with the planar capacitor structure. Especially, the effect of the applied DC bias on these EFI effects was investigated. The results show that the electro-optic signal from Pockels effect in silicon linearly increases with the applied DC voltage and the modulating voltage, and the signal of optical rectification is linearly enhanced by the DC bias as well, but the polarization characteristic of optical rectification does not vary. The enhancement of these EFI effects is mainly owed to the strengthening of the built-in field and the extension of the space charge region in the silicon sample. The Kerr effect of silicon was also detected and contrasted against the EFI Pockels effect, and it is verified that the EFI Pockels effect is much stronger than the Kerr effect in the silicon sample. These EFI effects are significant for the development of silicon photonics or silicon optoelectronics.     

A four-quadrant phase filter for creating two focusing spots

We present a design method of four-quadrant pure phase filter and phase modulation functions for creating two focusing spots. With the combination of a high numerical aperture objective and a four-quadrant pure phase filter, a radially polarized incident plane wave can be focused into two focusing spots with the spacing of several wavelengths along the optical axis. The filter with the phase modulation functions are verified effective by numerical simulation. The distance of the two focuses and the position of each focus can be controlled and adjusted by changing the phase modulation functions. The beam quality and longitudinally polarization purity of these two focusing spots are calculated and discussed and thus the centrally obstructed four-quadrant phase filters are proposed to improve the beam quality.     

License plate location based on trichromatic imaging and color-discrete characteristic

License plate location (LPL) is the key part of automatic license plate recognition (LPR) system that plays an important role in many applications and a number of LPL methods based on color information have been proposed. However, some problems, such as country specific, similar color interference, lighting variation sensitive, time consuming, processing only one kind of LP with same color combination a time and omitting the case of more than one combinations in a LP, should be solved further. In this study, a color-based LPL method that consists of three modules: color edge extraction, denoising and searching, is proposed. Color edge extraction, the kernel of the proposed, is designed by color-discrete characteristics of license plates in the trichromatic wavebands. In the experiment, 1384 images taken from natural scenes in China and other 104 countries or regions are employed. Of which, 74 have been failed to locate the license plates. The success rate and average execution time are 94.7% and 57 ms, respectively.     

Simulation of Dynamic Light Scattering Signals of Ultrafine Particles

In order to conveniently obtain dynamic light scattering (DLS) signal, a simulation method of DLS signal is proposed in this paper. This method regards the light intensity fluctuation of DLS as a stationary random process. According to autocorrelation function (ACF) of DLS signal, the stationary random process of DLS can be generated by auto‐regressive (AR) model. Signal simulations of several kinds of distribution particles and comparison of simulations and experiment prove that AR model can be used for DLS signal simulation. Moreover, by analyzing effect of simulation parameters on simulation precision, we obtained the relationship between simulation parameters and simulation precision. Finally, application of simulation signal verifies the effectiveness and convenience of this simulation method.