Recent Process of Photo-responsive Materials with Aggregation-induced Emission

The research of photo-responsive materials, with changed absorption and emission under light stimulus, has drawn more and more attention due to their wide applications. However, most of them suffered from the notorious aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ) effect, which often led to the unconspicuous luminescent change in photo-responsive process. To solve this problem, the strategy of combining aggregation-induced emission(AIE) and photochromic properties was utilized, which largely enriched the phenomenon and application of photo-responsive materials. This short review summarized the recent progress of photo-responsive AIE materials with changed UV absorbance or PL phenomenon under UV-irradiation, including the types of molecular structures, internal mechanisms and the practical applications. Also, some outlooks were given on the further exploration of this field at the end of this paper.     

CBS还原合成手性1-苯乙醇实验设计*

将学科热点之一催化不对称合成策略引入实验教学中,通过CBS还原制备手性醇。实验以苯乙酮为原料,还原得到粗产物手性1-苯乙醇,经制备色谱仪分离提纯,气相色谱和自动旋光仪表征产物的光学性质。实验为综合型有机化学实验,通过此实验,学生在掌握手性醇合成原理与方法的同时,进一步学习手套箱、气相色谱、制备色谱仪、自动旋光仪等新技术,以提升学生综合科研素质。     

原子吸收光谱分析法测定补钙剂中钙含量

利用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计对两种葡萄糖酸钙口服液中的钙进行了检测,分析了口服液中钙的含量。该方法准确便捷,为特定溶液样品中各种微量元素的检测提供了一条很好的途径。     

变系数拟自回归模型下的测量误差分析

本文对雷达测量误差影响较大的因素进行了分析研究,并将其和雷达测量数据一起建立了变系数拟自回归的统计模型以实现对雷达测量值的纠偏,利用剖面最小二乘法估计模型参数,在一定条件下证明了模型的大样本性质,并结合残差的峰度和偏度构建了区间估计。实际数据的拟合和预测结果显示,我们提出的纠偏方法可将误差减少90%。     

Fiber‐Based Flexible All‐Solid‐State Asymmetric Supercapacitors for Integrated Photodetecting System

Integrated nanodevices with the capability of storing energy are widely applicable and have thus been studied extensively. To meet the demand for flexible integrated devices, all‐solid‐state asymmetric supercapacitors that simultaneously realize energy storage and optoelectronic detection were fabricated by growing Co₃O₄ nanowires on nickel fibers, thus giving the positive electrode, and employing graphene as both the negative electrode and light‐sensitive material. The as‐assembled integrated systems were characterized by an improved energy storage, enhanced power density (at least by 1860 % enhanced) by improving the potential window from 0–0.6 V to 0—1.5 V, excellent photoresponse to white light, and superior flexibility of both the fiber‐based asymmetric supercapacitor and the photodetector. Such flexible integrated devices might be used in smart and self‐powered sensory, wearable, and portable electronics.     

β-PbO2/TiO2纳米管电极的制备及其电催化降解苯酚

采用阳极氧化法和脉冲电沉积制备出β-PbO2改性TiO2纳米管(β-PbO2/TiO2-NTs)电极,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术手段对制备的β-PbO2/TiO2-NTs电极的表面形貌和结构进行了表征。结果表明,该方法成功地将β-PbO2纳米颗粒分散在TiO2纳米管中,通过电催化降解苯酚评价了β-PbO2/TiO2-NTs电极的电催化活性,实验结果表明,在TiO2-NTs中电沉积β-PbO2提高了电极的电催化活性,对苯酚的降解达到83%。     

水热-溶胶-凝胶法合成多壁碳纳米管-Na3V2（PO4）3复合物及其作为锂离子电池正极材料的性能

采用水热和溶胶-凝胶相结合的方法,制备了具有良好电化学性能的新型多壁碳纳米管-Na₃V₂（PO₄）₃（MWCNT-NVP）复合材料（MWCNT的质量分数为8.74%）. 通过场发射扫描电子显微镜表征可知,MWCNT分散在NVP纳米颗粒之间,并起到“电子导电线”的作用. 与纯Na₃V₂（PO₄）₃相比,MWCNT-NVP具有更高的比容量和更优异的循环性能. 在0.2C（35.2 mA·g^-1）的电流密度下,3.0-4.5 V的电压范围内,MWCNT-NVP的初始比容量为82.2 mAh·g^-1. 循环100次以后,比容量为72.3 mAh·g^-1. 在1.0-3.0 V充放电时,MWCNT-NVP的初始容量为100.6 mAh·g^-1. 100次循环以后,其容量保持率高达90%. 同时,交流阻抗测试表明,由于MWCNT的存在,MWCNT-NVP的导电性有了显著的提高. 以上结果表明,MWCNT-NVP是一种良好的锂离子电池电极材料.     

分子生物学手段检测转Bt基因棉花中Cry杀虫蛋白的定性和定量方法

建立了转Bt基因棉花中Cry杀虫蛋白的提取、样品前处理以及酶联免疫(ELISA)定量分析方法,并使用凝胶电泳、普通聚合酶链式反应(PCR)和实时荧光定量PCR等分子生物学手段对转基因棉花中的Bt基因进行定性和定量检测.所建立的苏云金芽孢杆菌杀虫晶体蛋白(Cry1Ab蛋白和Cry1Ac蛋白)标准曲线线性关系良好,相关系数r2均大于0.999,相对标准偏差RSD均小于2.0%.方法简单、快速、重现性和精密度好,可为农业食品行业和环境领域科研人员提供一种简便快速地从转基因棉花中检测Bt毒蛋白的分析方法.     

超高效液相色谱法测定餐饮油烟中的十五种醛酮

采用在流动相中添加四氢呋喃的方法来改善丙烯醛-2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)和丙酮-DNPH的分离,然后优化流动相比例和梯度,确定了UPLC分析醛酮-DNPH的色谱条件。有机溶剂消耗量和分析时间分别是传统方法的1/20~1/10和12%~30%;工作曲线线性相关系数、方法检出限和测定下限均满足HJ683-2014的规定;UPLC法测定醛酮的2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生物的平均回收率为91.5%~101%。基于常规的超高效反向C18色谱柱,在40℃条件下建立了高效分离醛酮混标的UPLC方法,方法已用于测定餐饮油烟中醛酮类化合物。     

应用自制便携分析仪快速检测城市河流水质

采用自制的便携式水质分析仪配合快速检测试剂,可以简便快速地测量Cr(Ⅵ)、磷酸盐等多种水质指标,吸光度与浓度的线性度可达0.99,RSD<5%。国标法标准实验与实际河流水样检测实验对比,t检验验证说明,二者无显著差异。方法适用于城市河流的多参数水质快速检测。