Normal (non-enhanced) Raman spectroscopy is used to determine the site of phosphorylation on a 13-residue peptide whose sequence derives from the cellular protein pp60(c-src) (protein tyrosine kinase). Raman spectra of serine, threonine and tyrosine amino acids and their phosphorylated derivatives are used to aid in the interpretation of peptide spectra. The purity of the synthetic peptides are confirmed by mass spectroscopy. Peptide Raman measurements are performed using the recently reported drop-coating deposition Raman (DCDR) method, followed by Savistky-Golay second derivative (SGSD) pre-processing and multivariate spectral classification using partial least squares (PLS) discriminant analysis. Leave-one-out training/testing results are displayed using a PLS psuedo-probability score plot and shown to facilitate error-free spectral determination of the site of phosphorylation. 相似文献
This paper presents an experimental study of the effects of polls on voters’ welfare. The analysis shows that polls have a
different effect on closely divided and lopsided divided electorates. The data show that in closely divided electorates (and
only for these electorates) the provision of information on the voters’ distribution of preferences significantly raises the
participation of subjects supporting the slightly larger team relative to the smaller team. This causes a substantial increase
on the frequency of electoral victories of the larger team. As a consequence, we observe a steep decrease in the welfare of
the members of the smaller team because they vote more often and yet they loose the elections more frequently. Polls are detrimental
to aggregate welfare in closely divided electorates because the decrease in the payoffs of the minority is stronger than the
increase in the payoffs of the majority. In lopsided divided electorates polls don’t have a significant different effect on
the voters’ turnout conditional on their team size. We do observe an increase on the frequency of electoral victories of the
larger team after the provision of information, but this is in part due to smaller teams’ members voting less frequently and
saving the participation costs. As a consequence, while polls have a negative effect on the relative payoffs of the minority
for these electorates as well, they have a positive effect on total welfare. 相似文献
A finite planar point set P is called a magic configuration if there is an assignment of positive weights to the points of P such that, for every line l determined by P, the sum of the weights of all points of P on l equals 1. We prove a conjecture of Murty from 1971 and show that if a set of n points P is a magic configuration, then P is in general position, or P contains n−1 collinear points, or P is a special configuration of 7 points.
The research by Rom Pinchasi was supported by a Grant from the G.I.F., the German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research
and Development. 相似文献
Excitation functions, angular distributions and differential ranges were measured for the 26Mg(18O, 16O)28Mg reaction at 18O beam energies of 20–45 MeV. Excitation functions only were measured for the reactions 14C(18O, 19O)13C, 14C(18O, 16O)16C, 14C(18O, 20O)12C, 14C(18O, 15N)17N and 18O(18O, 19O)17O, 18O(18O, 16O)20O, 18O(18O, 15N)21F at 18O beam energies of 13–41 MeV. We have identified these as direct reactions in which a single neutron, a two-neutron cluster, a deuteron and a triton are transferred between projectile and target.
The cross sections for two-neutron transfer reactions were found to be relatively high and those for the 18O+18O and the 14C+18O reactions were higher than the ones of single-neutron transfers over most of the energy range.
Attempts were made to apply the theory of Buttle and Goldfarb for single-neutron transfer to the case of two-neutron transfer in the 26Mg(18O, 16O)28Mg reaction below the Coulomb barrier. It is shown that for those reactions for which the assumptions, implicit in the model, are valid, good agreement is obtained with experiment. We also tried to apply the diffraction model of Dar and Kozlovsky to the calculation of the angular distribution of these reactions. A good fit to the experimental results could be obtained if quite different sets of parameters were used in the calculations for the two bombarding energies. 相似文献
We analyze an independent private values model where a number of objects are sold in sequential first- and second-price auctions. Bidders have unit demand and their valuation for an object is decreasing in the rank number of the auction in which it is sold. We derive efficient equilibria if prices are announced after each auction or if no information is given to bidders. We show that the sequence of prices constitutes a supermartingale. Even if we correct for the decrease in valuations for objects sold in later auctions we find that average prices are declining.Received June 2004We are grateful to Christian Groh, Wolfgang Köhler and Benny Moldovanu for helpful suggestions. Financial support from the German Science Foundation through SFB 504 and SFB/TR 15 at the University of Mannheim and the University of Bonn is gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
We measured the long term spontaneous electrical activity of neuronal networks with different sizes, grown on lithographically prepared substrates and recorded with multi-electrode-array technology. The time sequences of synchronized bursting events were used to characterize network dynamics. All networks exhibit scale-invariant Lévy distributions and long-range correlations. These observations suggest that different-size networks self-organize to adjust their activities over many time scales. As predictions of current models differ from our observations, this calls for revised models. 相似文献
Given a totally real fieldL of degreeg, we constructg Hasse invariants on Hilbert modular varieties in characteristicp and characterize their divisors. We show that these divisors give the type stratification defined by the action of
on theαp-elementary subgroup. Under certain conditions, involving special values of zeta functions, the product of these Hasse invariants
is the reduction of an Eisenstein series of weightp−1 相似文献