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81.
Ernst Nowak 《Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter》1981,45(2):173-176
In the Hubbard model for crystals of the AB-type all information on the system is already contained in the set of eigenstates where the number of sites equals the number of electrons or exceeds it by one. We prove this by deriving relations among the eigenstates with different numbers of particles which do not rely on the well-known transformation of electrons to holes. In this context a new good quantum number is identified. We report on results for the one-dimensional case. 相似文献
82.
Frank Herwig Köhler Hans Jürgen Kalder Ernst Otto Fischer 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》1975,85(2):C19-C22
Carbon-13 NMR data are reported for trimethyltin derivatives containing ERn groups where E C, Si, Ge, Sn, N, O and S including a series of cyclic amines with ring sizes from three to seven. Coupling constant values for the homologous series of fourth group derivatives give goood correlations with the electronegativity of E. The observation of the two-bond, ¦ 2J(119SnE13C) ¦ couplings only in the derivatives containing bulky R groups is rationalized by a bimolecular exchange of ERn groups in the concentrated solutions studied. 相似文献
83.
Arafat A Schroën K de Smet LC Sudhölter EJ Zuilhof H 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2004,126(28):8600-8601
This communication presents the first functionalization of a hydrogen-terminated silicon-rich silicon nitride (Si3Nx) surface with a well-defined, covalently attached organic monolayer. Properties of the resulting monolayers are monitored by measurement of the static water contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS). Further functionalization was performed by reaction of Si3Nx with a trifluoroethanol ester alkene (CH2=CH-(CH2)8CO2CH2CF3) followed by basic hydrolysis to afford the corresponding carboxylic acid-terminated monolayer with hydrophilic properties. These results show that Si3Nx can be functionalized with a tailor-made organic monolayer, has highly tunable wetting properties, and displays significant potential for further functionalization. 相似文献
84.
Rapp E Jakob A Schefer AB Bayer E Albert K 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2003,376(7):1053-1061
A mixture of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters was separated with a new splitless capillary set-up. With the employed apparatus configuration different capillary separation techniques such as capillary high-performance liquid chromatography (cHPLC), capillary electrochromatography (CEC) and pressurized capillary electrochromatography (pCEC) could be applied. The detection and identification of the sample compounds were accomplished by hyphenating these capillary separation techniques with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy using a novel configuration of the detection capillary set-up. Using modified electrokinetically driven separation techniques, the electric field was applied solely across the separation column. With this improved interface for capillary liquid chromatography-NMR on-line coupling, the stereochemical assignment of the cis and trans configuration of unsaturated fatty acids could be easily accomplished. Finally, the results of cHPLC-NMR, CEC-NMR and pCEC-NMR coupling experiments were compared.Dedicated to Professor Günter Häfelinger on the occasion of his 65th birthday 相似文献
85.
Although the establishment of a pH scale and the determination of the pH in water is not problematic, it is not a straightforward task in non-aqueous solvents. As capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) in organic solvents has gained increasing interest, it seems to be valuable to re-discuss the concept of the pH in such media, especially pointing to those aspects, which make pH measurement uncertain in non-aqueous solvents. In this review, the relevant aspects when dealing with primary standard (PS) and secondary standard (SS) as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), and the usage of the operational pH are discussed with special emphasis to non-aqueous solvents. Here, different liquid junction potentials, incomplete dissociation of the electrolytes (especially in solvents with low or moderate relative permittivity) and the occurrence of homo- and heteroconjugation must be taken into account. Problems arising in capillary zone electrophoresis practice are addressed, e.g. when the background electrolyte (BGE) consists of organic solvents, but the measuring electrode (normally the glass electrode) is calibrated with aqueous buffers, and the liquid junction potentials between the solvents do not cancel each other. The alternative concept of establishing a certain pH is described, using mixtures of reference acids or bases with known pKa in the organic solvent, and their respective salts, at a certain concentration ratio, relying to the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Special discussion is directed to those organic solvents most common in capillary zone electrophoresis, methanol (MeOH) and acetonitrile (ACN), but other solvents are included as well. The potential significance of small amounts of water present in the organic solvent on changes in pKa values, and thus on the pH of the buffering components is pointed out. 相似文献
86.
87.
Summary A procedure for the analysis of individual asbestos fibres in the submicrometre diameter range, based on the ratio method of thin film analysis, is presented. The reliability of this method has been tested in a study of identification of asbestos fibres. The systematic and statistical errors were investigated.
Presented at the 8th International Microchemical Symposium, Graz, August 25–30, 1980. 相似文献
Beitrag zur quantitativen Röntgenmikroanalyse einzelner Submikrometerteilchen: Asbestfasern
Zusammenfassung Es wurde versucht, eine Quantifizierungsmethode analog der Verhältnismethode zur Analyse dünner Schichten für die Analyse von Asbestfasern mit Durchmessern im Submikrometerbereich zu entwickeln. Die Zuverlässigkeit der Methode wurde mit einem Anwendungsbeispiel überprüft, und alle systematischen und statistischen Fehler wurden dargelegt.
Presented at the 8th International Microchemical Symposium, Graz, August 25–30, 1980. 相似文献
88.
Reactions with Organophosphorus Compounds, 49. Synthesis and 1H NMR Spectra of (3-Acylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl)phosphonates Reaction of the (E)-(β-acylvinyl)phosphonates 1 with cyclopentadiene yields the isomeric norbornylphosphonates 2 (endo-acyl, exo-P) and 3 (exo-acyl, endo-P) in a 7:3 ratio. With 1,3-cyclohexadiene the corresponding bicyclooctenyl derivatives 7 and 8 are obtained from 1a . The (Z)-phosphinylacrylate 4 gives with cyclopentadiene the isomers 5 (exo-CO2Me, exo-P) and 6 (endo-CO2Me, endo-P) in nearly equal amounts. The configuration of the cycloadducts has been proved by 1H NMR spectroscopy. 相似文献
89.
It has become a major goal of molecular biologists, biochemists, and immunologists to be able to modulate the structure of proteins, in order to increase their antigenicity, alter their biological properties and/or explore their function. Based on the concept of bacterial phage display, by which proteins are being selected and analyzed in conjunction with their genetic information, eukaryotic systems have been investigated for their use in generating biomolecular diversity. The advantage of posttranslational modification and the possible harbouring of structural complex proteins has lead scientists to include eukaryotic systems in the wide field of molecular design. The ideal expression vectors for surface display are eukaryotic viruses, that allow large gene insertions, efficiently present foreign proteins on the particle surface, are easy to propagate and, if possible, not pathogenic to humans. By inserting peptides into a native virus coat protein or by expressing foreign proteins as coat protein fusion proteins or linked to specific anchor domains it becomes possible to display polypeptides of interest on the surface of replicating particles. A variety of different strategies are currently under investigation in order to utilize the baculovirus insect cell expression system for efficient display on the surface of virus particles as well as on the surface of virally infected insect cells. Increasing the transfection efficiency, optimizing cloning procedures, and establishing applicable selection methods have lead to the development of a powerful tool for drug screening and ligand screening. 相似文献
90.
Ernst Tomic Inge-Maria Ladenbauer und Maria Pollak 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1958,161(1):28-38
Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Uran-Thoriumtrennung mittels des stark basischen Anionenaustauschers Amberlite IRA 400 beschrieben. Uran(VI) läßt sich von Thorium und einer Reihe anderer Kationen dadurch trennen, daß es mit 6,5n Salzsäure einen negativ geladenen Komplex bildet, der am Austauscherharz sorbiert wird, während Thorium keinen Komplex bildet und daher nicht sorbiert wird. Uran wird mit 1 n Salzsäure eluiert.Zur Bestimmung des Urans wird eine genaue und empfindliche fluorimetrische Bestimmung angewendet, die durch Einfachheit und Billigkeit der dazu verwendeten Apparate gekennzeichnet ist.Das Verhalten anderer Kationen unter den Bedingungen der Trennung wurde qualitativ studiert und die Möglichkeit der Trennung des Urans und Thoriums von den erwähnten Kationen diskutiert.Herrn Prof. Dr. L. Schmid, Wien, zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.Für die Gewährung eines Stipendiums zur Ausführung der vorliegenden Arbeit an eine von uns (M. P.), sei der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Mikrochemie der beste Dank ausgesprochen.Herrn Prof. Dr. F. Hecht, der diese Arbeit ermöglichte, sei für seine stete Hilfe herzlich gedankt. 相似文献