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181.
Tugce Nur Eren Neren Okte Fabrice Morlet‐Savary Jean Pierre Fouassier Jacques Lalevee Duygu Avci 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2016,54(20):3370-3378
The photochemical and photophysical properties of new polymeric photoinitiators (PPIs) containing pendant thioxanthone (TX) and amine moieties are studied. The PPIs are synthesized by copolymerization of tert‐butyl 2‐((9‐oxo‐9H‐thioxanthen‐2‐yloxy)methyl)acrylate (TX1) with N,N‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEM) at two different ratios using free radical polymerization. UV–vis spectra indicate that PPIs possess similar absorption characteristics to TX1 in the violet range (~400 nm; absorption red‐shift 20 nm). The photochemical mechanisms are studied by electron spin resonance (ESR), steady state photolysis, laser flash photolysis, and cyclic voltammetry. ESR studies indicate formation of two different aminoalkyl radicals on the hydrogen donor amine. The triplet state of the PPIs is short‐lived compared to isopropyl thioxanthone and TX1, due to the built‐in amine functionality. Photopolymerization of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) initiated by these photoinitiators under LED exposure at 385 and 405 nm using real‐time FTIR spectroscopy shows that they exhibit higher efficiency than TX/N‐methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and TX1/MDEA systems with the advantage of a much higher molecular weight that can be very helpful to overcome migration issues. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 3370–3378 相似文献
182.
Demirbilek ME Demirbilek M Karahaliloğlu Z Erdal E Vural T Yalçın E Sağlam N Denkbaş EB 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2011,164(6):780-792
Oxidative stress may produce high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following cell exposure to endogenous and exogenous
factors. Recent experiments implicate oxidative stress as playing an essential role in cytotoxicity of many materials. The
aim of this study was to measure intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) levels, and
superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of L929 fibroblasts cultured on PDLLA, polyethylene glycol (PEG), or ethylenediamine
(EDA) grafted PDLLA by plasma polymerization method. Cell proliferation on these scaffolds was studied by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl
tetrazolium bromide assay. The study showed that MDA, AOPP levels, and SOD activities in L929 fibroblast cells cultured on
all scaffolds were significantly different compared to the control group and each other. The highest MDA (0.42 ± 0.76 nmol/mg
protein), AOPP (14.99 ± 4.67 nmol/mg protein) levels, and SOD activities (7.49 ± 3.74 U/mg protein) were observed in cells
cultured on non-modified scaffolds; meanwhile, the most cell proliferation was obtained in EDA-modified scaffolds (MDA 0.15 ± 0.14 nmol/mg
protein, AOPP 13.12 ± 3.86 nmol/mg protein, SOD 4.82 ± 2.64 U/mg protein). According to our finding, EDA- or PEG-modified
scaffolds are potentially useful as suitable biomaterials in tissue engineering. 相似文献
183.
Mesut Gorur Faruk Yilmaz Adem Kilic Ali Demirci Yusuf Ozdemir Arif Kosemen Sait Eren San 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2010,48(16):3668-3682
Hexa‐armed and thiophene (Thi) end‐capped poly(ε‐caprolactone) star polymer (N3P3‐(PCL‐Thi)6), containing cyclotriphosphazene core, was prepared in a four‐step reaction sequence. Ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) and “click chemistry” techniques were employed in the first and final steps, respectively. Hexa‐armed PCL star polymer (N3P3‐(PCL‐OH)6) was successfully synthesized via ROP of ε‐caprolactone (ε‐CL) by using hekzakis(p‐(hydroxymethyl)phenoxy) cyclotriphosphazene as the multisite initiator and tin(II) 2‐ethylhexanoate (Sn(Oct2)) as the catalyst in bulk at 115 °C. Further modifications of the N3P3‐(PCL‐OH)6 were accomplished by derivatization of the hydroxyl‐functional chain ends. The obtained N3P3‐(PCL‐OH)6 was then reacted with 2‐bromo‐2‐methylpropanoyl bromide, and this led to a star polymer with bromide end groups, N3P3‐(PCL‐Br)6. In the third step, N3P3‐(PCL‐Br)6 was azidified with sodium azide (NaN3) in DMF affording N3P3‐(PCL‐N3)6. Conversion of the azide chain end groups into Thi was quantitatively accomplished via the “click reaction” between N3P3‐(PCL‐N3)6 and prop‐2‐yn‐1‐yl 3‐thienyl acetate in the final step. Subsequently, the star polymer with six Thi chain ends (N3P3‐(PCL‐Thi)6) was employed in electrochemical copolymerization with both pyrrole and Thi. Electrochromic properties and electrochromic device application of N3P3‐(PCL‐Thi)6/PThi were also investigated. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 3668–3682, 2010 相似文献
184.
Eren Esin Aydın Mihrace Filiz Oksuz Aysegul Uygun 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2020,24(4):1057-1065
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - We managed to provide one-step facile electrochromic device (ECD) preparation to incorporate two cathodic coloring components into lithium ion (Li+)-doped... 相似文献
185.
A new C(19)-quassinoid-type glycoside has been isolated from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia. The structure elucidation of the compound was achieved by a combination of one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques, including (1)H-(1)H-correlation spectroscopy (COSY), (1)H-(13)C-heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy (HMQC), and (1)H-(13)C-heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation spectroscopy (HMBC), as well as high resolution electrospray ionization Fourier transformation mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-FT-MS) data. The C(1)-glycosidation site in the quassinoid framework is encountered for the first time. 相似文献
186.
Dinç E Baleanu D 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》2006,63(3):631-638
A new application of the fractional wavelet transform (FWT) was proposed for the simultaneous determination of ampicillin (AP) and sulbactam (SB) in a pharmaceutical combination for injection. FWT approach is a new powerful tool for removing noise and irrelevant information from the absorption spectra. Cardinal information having higher peak amplitude, eliminated noise, sharp peaks with shrinking width of spectral range was obtained by the application of FWT procedure to the original absorption spectra. In this paper, FWT approach was subjected to the data vector of the UV-signals obtained from AP and SB in the wavelength range of 211.5-313.8 nm. Derivative transform was applied to the original absorption signal together with its FWT generalization. The calibration graphs for AP and SB were obtained by measuring the FWT and usual derivative amplitudes at zero-crossing points. The method validation was carried out by using the synthetic mixture analysis. Our proposed FWT approach was compared with the usual derivative spectrophotometry and chemometric methods (CLS, PCR and PLS) and a good agreement was reported. 相似文献
187.
Gregory J. Gabriel Dr. Janet A. Maegerlein M. Sc. Christopher F. Nelson Jeffrey M. Dabkowski Tarik Eren Dr. Klaus Nüsslein Prof. Dr. Gregory N. Tew Prof. Dr. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2009,15(2):433-439
A direct comparison of two strategies for designing antimicrobial polymers is presented. Previously, we published several reports on the use of facially amphiphilic (FA) monomers which led to polynorbornenes with excellent antimicrobial activities and selectivities. Our polymers obtained by copolymerization of structurally similar segregated monomers, in which cationic and non‐polar moieties reside on separate repeat units, led to polymers with less pronounced activities. A wide range of polymer amphiphilicities was surveyed by pairing a cationic oxanorbornene with eleven different non‐polar monomers and varying the comonomer feed ratios. Their properties were tested using antimicrobial assays and copolymers possessing intermediate hydrophobicities were the most active. Polymer‐induced leakage of dye‐filled liposomes and microscopy of polymer‐treated bacteria support a membrane‐based mode of action. From these results there appears to be profound differences in how a polymer made from FA monomers interacts with the phospholipid bilayer compared with copolymers from segregated monomers. We conclude that a well‐defined spatial relationship of the whole polymer is crucial to obtain synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides (SMAMPs): charged and non‐polar moieties need to be balanced locally, for example, at the monomer level, and not just globally. We advocate the use of FA monomers for better control of biological properties. It is expected that this principle will be usefully applied to other backbones such as the polyacrylates, polystyrenes, and non‐natural polyamides. 相似文献
188.
Acatay K Simsek E Ow-Yang C Menceloglu YZ 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2004,43(39):5210-5213
189.
A three‐dimensional baroclinic numerical model has been developed to compute water levels and water particle velocity distributions in coastal waters. The numerical model consists of hydrodynamic, transport and turbulence model components. In the hydrodynamic model component, the Navier–Stokes equations are solved with the hydrostatic pressure distribution assumption and the Boussinesq approximation. The transport model component consists of the pollutant transport model and the water temperature and salinity transport models. In this component, the three‐dimensional convective diffusion equations are solved for each of the three quantities. In the turbulence model, a two‐equation k–ϵ formulation is solved to calculate the kinetic energy of the turbulence and its rate of dissipation, which provides the variable vertical turbulent eddy viscosity. Horizontal eddy viscosities can be simulated by the Smagorinsky algebraic sub grid scale turbulence model. The solution method is a composite finite difference–finite element method. In the horizontal plane, finite difference approximations, and in the vertical plane, finite element shape functions are used. The governing equations are solved implicitly in the Cartesian co‐ordinate system. The horizontal mesh sizes can be variable. To increase the vertical resolution, grid clustering can be applied. In the treatment of coastal land boundaries, the flooding and drying processes can be considered. The developed numerical model predictions are compared with the analytical solutions of the steady wind driven circulatory flow in a closed basin and of the uni‐nodal standing oscillation. Furthermore, model predictions are verified by the experiments performed on the wind driven turbulent flow of an homogeneous fluid and by the hydraulic model studies conducted on the forced flushing of marinas in enclosed seas. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
190.
Erdal Karapınar Donal O’Regan Antonio Francisco Roldán López de Hierro Naseer Shahzad 《Journal of Fixed Point Theory and Applications》2016,18(3):645-671
The aim of our paper is to present new fixed point theorems under very general contractive conditions in generalized metric spaces which were recently introduced by Jleli and Samet in [Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2015 (2015), doi: 10.1186/s13663-015-0312-7]. Although these spaces are not endowed with a triangle inequality, these spaces extend some well known abstract metric spaces (for example, b-metric spaces, Hitzler–Seda metric spaces, modular spaces with the Fatou property, etc.). We handle several types of contractive conditions. The main theorems we present involve a reflexive and transitive binary relation that is not necessarily a partial order. We give a counterexample to a recent fixed point result of Jleli and Samet. Our results extend and unify recent results in the context of partially ordered abstract metric spaces. 相似文献