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131.
A global action is the algebraic analogue of a topological manifold. This construction was introduced in first place by A.
Bak as a combinatorial approach to K-Theory and the concept was later generalized by Bak, Brown, Minian and Porter to the
notion of groupoid atlas. In this paper we define and investigate homotopy invariants of global actions and groupoid atlases,
such as the strong fundamental groupoid, the weak and strong nerves, classifying spaces and homology groups. We relate all
these new invariants to classical constructions in topological spaces, simplicial complexes and simplicial sets. This way
we obtain new combinatorial formulations of classical and non classical results in terms of groupoid atlases.
相似文献
132.
133.
Elias David 《Algebra Universalis》1993,30(2):221-233
There is a canonical imbedding of a poset into a complete Boolean lattice and hence into a Boolean lattice. This gives it a representation as a collection of clopen sets of a Boolean space. There are reflective functions from a category of distributive posets to the subcategories of distributive and Boolean lattices and consequently a topological dual equivalence that extends the Stone duality of Boolean lattices.Presented by B. Jonsson. 相似文献
134.
Part IIb presents some of the most important theorems for stable equilibrium states that can be deduced from the four postulates of the unified theory presented in Part I. It is shown for the first time that the canonical and grand canonical distributions are the only distributions that are stable. Moreover, it is shown that reversible adiabatic processes exist which cannot be described by the dynamical equation of quantum mechanics. A number of conditions are discussed that must be satisfied by the general equation of motion which is yet to be discovered.Part I of this paper appeared inFound. Phys.
6(1), 15 (1976). Part IIa appeared inFound. Phys.
6(2), 127 (1976). The numbering of the sections, equations, and references in this part of the paper continues from those in Part IIa. 相似文献
135.
Norma Elias 《Integral Equations and Operator Theory》1988,11(3):310-331
In [2], Axler, Conway and McDonald, discuss the essential spectrum of Toeplitz operator, with continuous symbol, on the unweighted Bergman space. This paper extends their results to the weighted Bergman space, where the weight and its logarithm are assumed to be locally integrable.This paper represents part of the author's Ph.D. thesis, written at Indiana University under the direction of Professor John B. Conway. 相似文献
136.
137.
On the theory of harmonic functions of several variables 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
138.
H. Elias G. Gumbel S. Neitzel und H. Volz 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1981,306(4):240-244
Zusammenfassung Zur empirischen Beschreibung der Polarität binärer Lösungsmittelgemische wurden mit einem solvatochromen Betain-Farbstoff ET-Werte für folgende Systeme bestimmt: Methanol/Butanol-2, Methanol/2-Methylbutanol-2, Methanol/Pyridin, Methanol/Acetonitril, Methanol/Toluol und Ethanol/ 2,2,2-Trifluorethanol. In allen Systemen treten mehr oder weniger starke Abweichungen vom idealen Mischungsverhalten auf, was im einzelnen diskutiert wird. In den genannten Lösungsmittelgemischen wurde parallel die Kinetik der Ligandensubstitution an einem neutralen Kupfer(II)-bis-chelatkomplex vermessen. Die ET-Werte korrelieren mit den lnkWerten (k = Geschwindigkeitskonstante für den durch das Solvens induzierten Ligandenaustausch). Dies weist darauf hin, daß die Bildung des Übergangszustandes durch H-Brücken erleichtert wird.
Polarity of binary solvent mixtures: Determination of ET(30)-values and correlation with kinetic solvent effects
Summary The polarity of binary solvent mixtures is empirically described by ET-values as determined with a solvatochromic betaine dye. The following mixtures were studied: methanol/butanol-2, methanol/2-methylbutanol-2, methanol/pyridine, methanol/acetonitrile, methanol/toluene and ethanol/2,2,2-trifluoroethanol. All mixtures behave as more or less non-ideal systems which is discussed in detail. Parallel to the determination of ET-values the kinetics of ligand substitution in a neutral copper(II)-bis-chelate complex were studied in the same set of solvent mixtures. The ET-values correlate with the corresponding lnk-values (k = rate constant for solvent induced ligand substitution). This would mean that the formation of the transition state is facilitated by hydrogen bonding.
Für finanzielle Unterstützung bedanken wir uns bei der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft und dem Verband der Chemischen Industrie e.V. Der verwendete Salicylaldehyd wurde uns von der Firma Bayer AG, Leverkusen, zur Verfügung gestellt. 相似文献
139.
Phang TL McClellan SJ Franses EI 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2005,21(22):10140-10147
Fibrinogen (FB) and other serum proteins leak into the aqueous alveolar lining layer due to lung injuries. The adsorption of these serum proteins at the air/aqueous interface can produce higher surface tensions than the pulmonary lipids, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can ensue. By having a molecular adsorption mechanism, as compared to a particulate adsorption mechanism of other longer chain lipids, dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (DLPC) lipid can expel FB from the air/aqueous interface at 25 degrees C, in water or in phosphate-buffered saline, as proven by tensiometry (also at 37 degrees C), ellipsometry, and infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy. Moreover, before FB is displaced by DLPC at the interface, there is a substantial initial enhancement in the FB adsorption, consistent with some interaction or binding of DLPC with FB to produce a more hydrophobic protein surface. After the FB molecules have been displaced by DLPC, or when DLPC has already adsorbed at the interface, FB molecules are less favored to adsorb near the DLPC monolayer with the lecithin headgroups facing toward them. The results have implications for possible uses of DLPC lipid in potential lung surfactant formulations in treating patients with ARDS. 相似文献
140.