矿化剂对铝酸钙粉的结构与光谱性能的影响

研究了矿化剂对制备铝酸钙粉的结构与性能的影响.研究中以铝矾土和石灰石为原料,加入一定量的矿化剂,混合均匀,经高温煅烧制得铝酸钙粉.借助于红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射、差热-热重分析等手段对不同原料的铝酸钙粉的结构、组成及性能进行了表征和研究,并对矿化剂在合成铝酸钙中的矿化机理进行探讨.研究表明:加入矿化剂后,可在更低温度条件下煅烧制备出铝酸钙粉,有利于节能减排.红外光谱分析、XRD分析、DTA-TG分析显示:未加矿化剂煅烧时,生成的产物主要是Ca3Al10O18,CaAl2Si2O8.加入矿化剂后煅烧生成的产物主要是易浸出Al2O3的CaAl3BO7和Ca3Al10O18,而不易浸出Al2O3的CaAl2Si2O8的含量大大降低.同时显示,加入矿化剂后,原料中的方解石(CaCO3)分解更容易;CaCO3与铝矾土反应更充分;更有利于促使铝矾土中的Al-Si键断裂,将铝矾土中的Al释放出来;并可降低铝酸钙的煅烧温度.研究还显示:加入矿化剂后,可以改变原产物的晶体结构与成分,有利于降低煅烧反应温度.     

ATP-Co2+-脱氧胆酸-凝胶体系的分形/周期沉淀

在体外模拟胆结石形成的实验中,选取腺苷-5'-三磷酸(ATP)-金属离子-脱氧胆酸(DC)凝胶体系进行了分形/周期有序结构的生长实验,研究ATP对Co2+-脱氧胆酸凝胶体系形成的分形/周期沉淀的影响,用FTIR表征有序沉淀物的结构.结果表明:在ATP存在下的Co2+-DC凝胶体系中,可形成周期沉淀及分形结构共存的复杂时空图案,ATP对Co2+-脱氧胆酸凝胶体系形成的图案模式较AMP的影响显著,体系的图案从分形模式转化为周期沉淀,ATP、脱氧胆酸钠、Co2+-存在复杂的相互作用,生成透明晶体新物质;红外光谱结果显示该晶体为脱氧胆酸,周期沉淀物为ATP、DC共同与金属离子配位的结果.此结果说明核苷酸作为重要的生命物质在结石形成过程中起到重要作用,结石的形成具有复杂的、非线性化学特性.     

ICP等离子体鞘层附近区域发光光谱特性分析

为了独立控制鞘层附近区域离子密度和离子能最分布,采用光发射谱(OES)测量技术,对不同射频功率、放电气压和基底偏压下感应耦合等离子体鞘层附近区域辉光特性进行了研究.原子谱线和离子谱线特性分析表明,在鞘层附近区域感应耦合等离子体具有较高的离子密度和较低的电子温度.改变放电气压和射频功率,对得到的光谱特性分析表明,鞘层附近区域离子密度随射频功率的增大而线性增大,在低压下随气压的升高而增大.低激发电位原子谱线强度增加迅速,高激发电位原子谱线强度增加缓慢,而离子谱线强度增加很不明显.改变基底直流偏压,对得到的发射光谱强度变化分析表明,谱线强度随基底正偏压的增加而增大.随着基底负偏压的加入,谱线强度先减小而后增大;直流偏压为-30 V时,光谱强度最弱.快速离子和电子是引起Ar激发和电离过程的主要能量来源.     

Escape of Brownian particles and stochastic resonance with low-temperature quantum fluctuations

In this paper, we investigate the escape of Brownian particles and stochastic resonance (SR) with low-temperatures quantum fluctuations by using the quantum Smoluchowski equations at low-temperature. Two specific examples have been considered: one is the example of bistable system, and the other is the example of metastable system. The explicit expressions of the mean-first passage time (MFPT) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for both specific examples are obtained, respectively. Based on the numerical compu...     

Editorial for Special Issue on Terahertz Technologies and Applications

Terahertz radiation,defined in the frequency range of 0.1-10 THz,has been exploited to demonstrate unique properties that do not apply to the adjacent domains of the electromagnetic waves,such as infrared and microwave.Recent advances in terahertz science and technology hold promise for a wide variety of essential applications,particularly in spectroscopy,sensing,imaging,non-destructive detections,and communications.This focus issue is comprised of invited and contributed original     

The sloshing of stratified liquid in a two-dimensional rectangular tank

The sloshing of inviscid liquid of stratified density in a rectangular tank is analyzed.As the flow is no longer irrotional,the governing equation is found to be quite different from the Laplace equation used for the liquid of constant density.In particular it contains terms of mixed temporal and spatial derivatives.The problem is solved based on the variable separation method and Laplace transform for the constant Vaisala-Brunt frequency.It is found that the stratification of density may have small effects...     

Silver(I)-mediated reaction of trimethylsilylated arylacetylenes with sulfonyl chlorides:Unexpected formation of vinvl sulfones

A novel reaction of trimethylsilylated arylacetylenes with sulfonyl chlorides was performed in the presence of silver nitrate or triflate.Conjugated vinyl sulfones as dramatic products were obtained in moderate yields and with Z-selectivity.A free radical mechanism has been proposed to account for the formation of the products.     

基于物理课堂有效教学的策略浅析

根据有效教学的理念提出了课堂有效教学的基本策略、动力策略和长效策略,并结合基础物理的教学,对这些教学策略的科学掌握和运用进行了探讨.     

Combining GPS carrier phase and Doppler observations for precise velocity determination

The truncation error and propagation error are analyzed for velocity determination through differential GPS carrier phase observations,and an approach for the choice of the best number of points for the central difference method is developed.In order to overcome the disadvantages of existing GPS velocity determination methods,a new velocity determination algorithm is presented,based on combining carrier phase and Doppler observations.The basic idea is that two types of observation are combined by adding the...     

Alkylation mechanism of benzene with 1-dodecene catalyzed by Et_3NHCl-AlCl_3

The isotope exchange method was employed to investigate the catalytic mechanism of ionic liquid in alkylation of benzenes with olefins.It is proposed that alkylation was induced by the Lewis acid AlCl3 which attracted π electrons of 1-dodecene to shift toward 1-carbon,thus forming a carbonium ion.The carbonium ion further reacted with benzenes to form a complex.Due to unstabilit of the complex,a deuterated ring proton was transferred into an electronegative 1-carbon of the side chain to substitute for the A...