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11.
12.
Xiaofei Bie Chunzhong Wang H. Ehrenberg Yingjin Wei Gang Chen Xing Meng Guangtian Zou Fei Du 《Solid State Sciences》2010,12(8):1364-1367
ZnO nanoflowers are synthesized by hydrothermal method. The morphology of ZnO is captured by SEM, TEM and HRTEM, which is composed of closely packed nanorods of about 100 nm in diameter and 1 μm in length. The ZFC/FC curves show superparamagnetic features. The abnormal increase in magnetization curves below 14 K comes from the isolated vacancy clusters with no interaction. The magnetic hysteresis at 300 K displays saturation state and confirms room-temperature ferromagnetism. While the magnetic hysteresis at 5 K shows nonsaturation state due to the enhanced effects of vacancy clusters. The O 1s XPS results can be fitted to three Gaussian peaks. The existence of medium-binding energy located at 531.16 eV confirms the deficiency of O ions at the surface of ZnO nanoflowers. 相似文献
13.
W.Y. Zhang C.H. Chiu L.C. Zhang K. Biswas H. Ehrenberg W.C. Chang J. Eckert 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2007
The effect of refractory element addition on phase transformation, crystallization behavior and magnetic properties of Pr8.5Fe81.5B10 (addition-free) and Pr8.5Fe81.5M2B10 (M=V, Cr, Nb, Zr, Ti) ribbons has been investigated. The annealed addition-free ribbon as well as the samples with V or Cr additions are mainly composed of the metastable Pr2Fe23B3 phase, whereas annealed ribbons with Nb, Zr or Ti additions primarily consist of Pr2Fe14B and a minor amount of Fe3B/boride. The complete suppression of the metastable Pr2Fe23B3 phase due to Nb, Zr or Ti additions leads to a significant enhancement of the magnetic properties. For example, the remanence, the coercivity and the energy product are remarkably increased from 2.5 kG, 0.4 kOe and 0.2 MG Oe for the addition-free material to 9.2 kG, 4.7 kOe and 7.6 MG Oe for the specimens with Nb addition. The successful elimination of the metastable Pr2Fe23B3 phase is believed to profit from two factors: (a) Nb, Zr or Ti atoms substitute the Pr site, comparatively increase the Pr content, and thus inhibit the nucleation of Pr-lean Pr2Fe23B3 phases, and (b) the formation of Nb, Zr, or Ti borides consumes some part of B, which hinders the generation of the B-rich Pr2Fe23B3 phase. 相似文献
14.
A Kautiainen S Osterman-Golkar L Ehrenberg 《Acta chemica Scandinavica. Series B: Organic chemistry and biochemistry》1986,40(6):453-456
Misincorporation of 2-hydroxyethylated amino acids into hemoglobin during de novo synthesis was studied by injecting mice with radiolabelled N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine, S-(2-hydroxyethyl)cystine or N tau-(2-hydroxyethyl)histidine. The results showed that S-(2-hydroxyethyl)cysteine and N tau-(2-hydroxyethyl)histidine were misincorporated, whereas N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine was not. Monitoring of in vivo doses of hydroxyethylating agents by determination of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)valine was free of the disturbing influence of such misincorporation. 相似文献
15.
Braun C Börger SL Boyko TD Miehe G Ehrenberg H Höhn P Moewes A Schnick W 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2011,133(12):4307-4315
High-pressure synthesis allows both fundamental and materials science research to gain unprecedented insight into the inner nature of materials properties at extreme environment conditions. Here, we report on the high-pressure synthesis and characterization of γ-Ca(3)N(2) and the high-pressure behavior of Mg(3)N(2). Investigation of M(3)N(2) (M = Ca, Mg) at high-pressure has been quite challenging due to the high reactivity of these compounds. Ex situ experiments have been performed using a multianvil press at pressures from 8 to 18 GPa (1000-1200 °C). Additional in situ experiments from 0 to 6 GPa (at RT) at the multianvil press MAX 80 (HASYLAB, Beamline F.2.1, Hamburg) have been carried out. The new cubic high-pressure phase γ-Ca(3)N(2) with anti-Th(3)P(4) defect structure exhibits a significant increase in coordination numbers compared to α-Ca(3)N(2). Contrary, Mg(3)N(2) shows decomposition starting at surprisingly low pressures, thereby acting as a precursor for Mg nanoparticle formation with bcc structure. Soft X-ray spectroscopy in conjunction with first principles DFT calculations have been used to explore the electronic structure and show that γ-Ca(3)N(2) is a semiconductor with inherent nitrogen vacancies. 相似文献
16.
Oswald S Mikhailova D Scheiba F Reichel P Fiedler A Ehrenberg H 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2011,400(3):691-696
For future Li-ion battery applications the search for both new design concepts and materials is necessary. The electrodes
of the batteries are always in contact with electrolytes, which are responsible for the transport of Li ions during the charging
and discharging process. A broad range of materials is considered for both electrolytes and electrodes so that very different
chemical interactions between them can occur, while good cycling behavior can only be obtained for stable solid-electrolyte
interfaces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study the most relevant interactions between various electrode
materials in contact with different electrolyte solutions. It is shown how XPS can provide useful information on reactivities
and thus preselect suitable electrode/electrolyte combinations, prior to electrochemical performance tests. 相似文献
17.
Buschmann H Dölle J Berendts S Kuhn A Bottke P Wilkening M Heitjans P Senyshyn A Ehrenberg H Lotnyk A Duppel V Kienle L Janek J 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2011,13(43):19378-19392
The solid lithium-ion electrolyte "Li(7)La(3)Zr(2)O(12)" (LLZO) with a garnet-type structure has been prepared in the cubic and tetragonal modification following conventional ceramic syntheses routes. Without aluminium doping tetragonal LLZO was obtained, which shows a two orders of magnitude lower room temperature conductivity than the cubic modification. Small concentrations of Al in the order of 1 wt% were sufficient to stabilize the cubic phase, which is known as a fast lithium-ion conductor. The structure and ion dynamics of Al-doped cubic LLZO were studied by impedance spectroscopy, dc conductivity measurements, (6)Li and (7)Li NMR, XRD, neutron powder diffraction, and TEM precession electron diffraction. From the results we conclude that aluminium is incorporated in the garnet lattice on the tetrahedral 24d Li site, thus stabilizing the cubic LLZO modification. Simulations based on diffraction data show that even at the low temperature of 4 K the Li ions are blurred over various crystallographic sites. This strong Li ion disorder in cubic Al-stabilized LLZO contributes to the high conductivity observed. The Li jump rates and the activation energy probed by NMR are in very good agreement with the transport parameters obtained from electrical conductivity measurements. The activation energy E(a) characterizing long-range ion transport in the Al-stabilized cubic LLZO amounts to 0.34 eV. Total electric conductivities determined by ac impedance and a four point dc technique also agree very well and range from 1 × 10(-4) Scm(-1) to 4 × 10(-4) Scm(-1) depending on the Al content of the samples. The room temperature conductivity of Al-free tetragonal LLZO is about two orders of magnitude lower (2 × 10(-6) Scm(-1), E(a) = 0.49 eV activation energy). The electronic partial conductivity of cubic LLZO was measured using the Hebb-Wagner polarization technique. The electronic transference number t(e-) is of the order of 10(-7). Thus, cubic LLZO is an almost exclusive lithium ion conductor at ambient temperature. 相似文献
18.
Jakes P Erdem E Ozarowski A van Tol J Buckan R Mikhailova D Ehrenberg H Eichel RA 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2011,13(20):9344-9352
The local coordination of the Fe(3+)-centers in Li[Co(0.98)Fe(0.02)]O(2) cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries has been investigated by means of XRD and multi-frequency EPR spectroscopy. EPR clearly showed the Fe(3+) being in a high-spin state with S = 5/2. The set of spin-Hamiltonian parameters obtained from multi-frequency EPR experiments with Larmor frequencies ranging between 9.8 and 406 GHz was transformed into structural information by means of an expansion to standard Newton-superposition modeling, termed as Monte-Carlo Newman superposition modeling. Based on this analysis, an isovalent incorporation of the Fe(3+)-ions on the Co(3+)-sites, i.e. Fe(x)(Co), has been shown. With that respect, the positive sign of the axial second-order fine-structure interaction parameter B(0)(2) is indicative of an elongated oxygen octahedron, whereas B(0)(2) < 0 points to a compressed octahedron coordinated about the Fe(3+)-center. Furthermore, the results obtained here suggest that the oxygen octahedron about the Fe(3+)-ion is slightly distorted as compared to the CoO(6) octahedron, which in turn may impose mechanical strain to the cathode material. 相似文献
19.
Wolfgang Ehrenberg 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1933,91(1-2):1-5
Zusammenfassung Wir haben eingangs von der qualitätsvermindernden Wirkung von Oxydeinschlüssen in Aluminiumlegierungen gesprochen und die bisher gebräuchlichen Bestimmungsmethoden, d. h. Erhitzen im HCl-, bezw. Cl2-Strom näher betrachtet. Dabei zeigten sich in der Schwierigkeit, übereinstimmende Werte zu erzielen, und der Kompliziertheit der Apparatur beträchtliche Nachteile. Diesen trocknen Methoden wurde die neue Oxydbestimmungsmethode auf nassem Weg gegenübergestellt, die auf der Trennung der Metalle von Aluminiumoxyd und Silicium durch Kupferchloridlösung beruht. D e Abweichung der untereinander in guter übereinstimmung stehenden Resultate von den auf trocknem Wege erhaltenen wurde auf verschiedene Modifikationen des Aluminiumoxyds zurückgeführt. 相似文献
20.