The structure of the FeNO group in two metastable states (MS1 and MS2) of the nitroprusside anion in Na2[Fe(CN)5NO].2H2O. Infrared spectra and quantum chemistry calculations for the normal and the 15NO and N18O isotopic substituted substance

Low temperature infrared spectra of light induced metastable states MS1 and MS2 of the nitroprusside anion in Na(2)[Fe(CN)(5)NO].2H(2)O, isotopically normal and substituted with (15)NO and N(18)O, are presented and discussed. As a consequence of the relatively high population of the MS2 state achieved by further irradiation with 1064 nm light of samples previously irradiated with 488.0 nm light, new bands were seen for the first time, and others, previously reported, were confirmed. The comparison of the spectral data obtained for the FeNO moiety of the isotopically normal as well as of the (15)NO and N(18)O substituted anion with the results of quantum chemical (DFT) calculations support the assignment of the bands which appear after successive irradiations to MS1, the linear Fe(eta(1)-ON) linkage isomer, and to MS2, the side-bound Fe(eta(2)-NO) isomer.     

Analytical applications of picolinealdehyde salicyloylhydrazone: Spectrophotometric determination of nickel and zinc

With a view to the use of picolinealdehyde salicyloylhydrazone as analytical reagent, a study of the physical properties and chemical reactions of this substance has been carried out. It reacts with nickel (λ_max = 375 nm, ? = 3.9 × 10⁴M^?1cm^?1) or zinc (λ_max = 365 nm, ? = 4.8 × 10⁴M^?1cm^?1) to produce a yellow 1:2 complex in both cases. Spectrophotometric determinations of trace amounts of nickel and zinc have been established.     

Derivatives of carbohydrazide,thiocarbohydrazide and diaminoguanidine as photometric analytical reagents. III

Summary An absorption method for the collection of acid and condensable volcanic gases is described. A Cd(OH)₂ suspension allows the simultaneous sampling of sulfide and sulfur dioxide. A complete scheme for chemical analysis of H₂O, CO₂, H₂S, SO₂, HCl and HF is presented.The method is relatively simple and accurate and requires only simple equipment. Moreover, separate samples of the condensable part of the volcanic gas may be used for analysis of trace elements.

---

Probenahme und Analyse vulkanischer Gase

Zusammenfassung Eine Absorptionsmethode zur Probenahme saurer und kondensierbarer Vulkangase wurde beschrieben. Eine Cd(OH)₂-Suspension ermöglicht die gleichzeitige Probenahme von H₂S und SO₂. Ein Analysenschema für die chemische Analyse von H₂O, CO₂, H₂S, SO₂, HCl und HF wurde angegeben. Das Verfahren ist relativ einfach und genau; es erfordert nur eine einfache Ausrüstung. Proben des kondensierbaren Anteils der Gase dienen zur Bestimmung der Spurenanteile.

     

Fitting complex potential energy surfaces to simple model potentials: application of the simplex-annealing method

A stochastic method of optimization, which combines simulated annealing with simplex, is implemented to fit the parameters of a simple model potential. The main characteristic of the method is that it explores the whole space of the parameters of the model potential, and therefore it is very efficient in locating the global minimum of the cost function, in addition to being independent of the initial guess of the parameters. The method is employed to fit the complex intermolecular potential energy surface of the dimer of water, using as a reference the spectroscopic quality anisotropic site-site potential of Feller et al. The simple model potential chosen for its reparameterization is the MCY model potential of Clementi et al. The quality of the fit is assessed by comparing the geometry of the minimum, the harmonic frequencies, and the second virial coefficients of the parameterized potential with the reference one. Finally, to prove more rigorously the robustness of this method, it is compared with standard nonstochastic methods of optimization.     

Some Comments on the Matter Wave-light Wave Hypothesis

From the de Broglie matter wave hypothesis and Planck’s energy quantization law, and assuming conservation of energy in the absorption of a photon and its consequent conversion to kinetic energy of motion by a material particle initially at rest, one can deduce a simple mathematical relationship between the wavelength λ (or frequency ν), of the photon absorbed by the particle at rest, and the resulting de Broglie matter wave length, λ_D, of the particle with kinetic energy of motion of mv²/2. The relationship so deduced, λ_D∝√λ, suggests that visible wavelengths of light, from about 4000 ?, in the violet, to beyond about 7000 ?, in the red, on absorption by an electron at rest, lead to material electron wavelengths, λ_D, of the order of the size of the electron transfer proteins seen in the photosynthetic reaction centers of photosynthesizing organisms, at about a size of 50–100 ?. In addition to understanding the mechanism of photosynthesis as a material wave mediated phenomenon, further areas of importance of the relations pointed out in this paper are in the design of experiments to gain a deeper understanding of the basic tenets of wave mechanics, and in the use of tunable lasers to probe various properties of material waves, and to precisely control their properties for applications including lithography.     

Hypervirial analysis of enclosed quantum mechanical systems. IV. Further comments

New formal results regarding the hypervirial analysis of enclosed systems are given. Novel applications are presented and several previous equations are reformulated in a more appropriate form.     

From nitrides to carbides: topotactic synthesis of the eta-carbides Fe3Mo3C and Co3Mo3C

The molybdenum bimetallic interstitial carbides Fe(3)Mo(3)C and Co(3)Mo(3)C have been synthesized by temperature-programmed reaction (TPR) between the molybdenum bimetallic interstitial nitrides Fe(3)Mo(3)N and Co(3)Mo(3)N and a flowing mixture of CH(4) and H(2) diluted in Ar. These compounds have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, laser Raman spectroscopy, elemental analysis, energy dispersive analysis of X rays, thermal analysis (in air) and scanning electron microscopy (field emission). Their structures have been refined from X-ray powder diffraction data. These carbides crystallize in the cubic system, space group Fd3m[a= 11.11376(6) and 11.0697(3)[Angstrom] for Fe and Co compounds, respectively].     

A re-statement of the Hohenberg–Kohn theorem and its extension to finite subspaces

Bearing in mind the insight into the Hohenberg–Kohn theorem for Coulomb systems provided recently by Kryachko (Int J Quantum Chem 103:818, 2005), we present a re-statement of this theorem through an elaboration on Lieb’s proof as well as an extension of this theorem to finite subspaces. Contribution to the Serafin Fraga Memorial Issue.     

A preliminary observation of additive thermodynamic contribution of pendant arms to the complexation of calixarene derivatives with mercury(II)

An additive thermodynamic contribution of pendant arms to the complexation of calixarene derivatives with mercury(II) in acetonitrile is for the first time demonstrated.     

Examining the balance between efficiency and resilience in closed-loop supply chains

Central European Journal of Operations Research - We study a hybrid system where the demand of customers can be satisfied by both manufacturing new products and remanufacturing used products. To...