Dimethyl fumarate is a cytoprotective and immunomodulatory drug used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. We performed a bibliometric study examining the characteristics and trends of the top 100 cited articles that include dimethyl fumarate in the title. On 21 September 2020 we carried out an electronic search in the Web of Science (WOS), seeking articles that include the following terms within the title: dimethyl fumarate, BG-12, or Tecfidera. To focus our investigation on original research, we refined the search to include only articles, early access, others, case report, and clinical trials. We obtained a total of 1115 items, which were cited 7169 times, had a citation density of 6.43 citations/item, and an h-index of 40. Around 2010, there was a jump in the number of published articles per year, rising from 5 articles/year up to 12 articles/year. We sorted all the items by the number of citations and selected the top 100 most cited (T100). The T100 had 4164 citations, with a density of 37 citations/year and contained 16 classic research articles. They were published between 1961 and 2018; the years 2010–2018 amassed nearly 80% of the T100. We noted 17 research areas with articles in the T100. Of these, the number one ranking went to neurosciences/neurology with 39 articles, and chemistry ranked second on the T100 list with 14 items. We noticed that the percentage of articles belonging to different journals changed depending on the time period. Chemistry held the highest number of papers during 1961–2000, while pharmacology andneurosciences/neurology led the 2001–2018 interval. A total of 478 authors from 145 institutions and 25 countries were included in the T100 ranking. The paper by Gold R et al. was the most successful with 14 articles, 1.823 citations and a density of 140.23 citations/year. The biotechnological company Biogen led the T100 list with 20 articles. With 59 published articles, the USA was the leading country in publications. We concluded that this study analyzed the use of and research on dimethyl fumarate from a different perspective, which will allow the readership (expert or not) to understand the relevance of classic and recent literature on this topic. 相似文献
In this paper we introduce a new class of abstract integro-differential equations with delay and we study the existence of strict solutions. An application involving the heat equation with memory is presented. 相似文献
It is shown that a locally homogeneous proper Ricci almost soliton is either of constant sectional curvature or locally isometric to a product R×N(c), where N(c) is a space of constant curvature. 相似文献
The effectiveness of the THESEUS multi-criteria sorting method is characterized, here, by (i) its capacity for suggesting precise and appropriate assignments; (ii) the probability of suggesting imprecise assignments; and (iii) the probability of suggesting incorrect assignments. We study how these important features are influenced by the number of criteria and categories, the cardinality of the reference set and the level of decision-maker consistency. We present a theoretical characterization and a wide range of experimental results that confirm and complement the formal analysis. The proposed way of analyzing effectiveness may be applied to other multi-criteria sorting methods. 相似文献
In this work, a set of sequences of information (time series), under nonstationary regime, with continuous space state, discrete time, and a Markovian dependence, is considered. A new model that expresses the marginal transition density function of one sequence as a linear combination of the marginal transition density functions of all sequences in the set is proposed. The coefficients of this combination are denominated marginal contribution coefficients and represent how much each transition density function contributes to the calculation of a chosen transition density function. The proposed coefficient is a marginal coefficient because it can be computed instantaneously, and it may change from one time to another time since all calculations are performed before stationarity is reached. This clearly differentiates the new coefficient from well‐known measures such as the cross‐correlation and the coherence. The idea behind the model is that if a specific sequence has a high marginal contribution for the transition density function from another sequence, the first may be replaced by the latter without losing much information that means that the knowledge of few densities should be enough to recover the overall behaviour. Simulations, considering 2 chains, are presented so as to check the sensitivity of the proposed model. The methodology is also applied to a real data originated from a wire‐drawing machine whose main function is to decrease the transverse diameter of metal wires. The behaviour of the level of acceleration of each bearing in relation to the other ones is then verified. 相似文献
Inspired by the experimental discovery of magic numbers we present a first study using density functional theory for the structure and properties of neutral and cationic Bi6Cu3 and Bi5Cu2 clusters. Our results confirm predictions based on Wade's rules. The closed electron shells, characteristic of cationic clusters help impose enhanced stability, while also complying with Wade's rules. Charge distribution analysis, as well as electrostatic potential maps show that in almost all cases, Bi atoms donate charges to Cu atoms. According to the analysis of condensed Fukui indices, Cu atoms inside both clusters are not reactive. Contrastingly, Bi atoms are reactive and may be targeted by different types of attack. This study of the electronic properties may thus help to determine experimental strategies with the capacity to enhance the synthesis of catalysts. 相似文献
We described here an alternative method for the synthesis of 4-arylselanyl-7-chloroquinolines through reactions of 4,7-dichloroquinoline with organylselenols, generated in situ by the reaction of diorganyl diselenides with H3PO2 (50 wt% in H2O). These reactions proceeded efficiently at 60 °C under N2 atmosphere and are suitable to a range of diorganyl diselenides containing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups, affording the corresponding 4-aryl-7-chloroquinolines in high yields. The synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and our results demonstrated that the 7-chloro-4-[(4-fluorophenyl)selanyl]quinoline inhibited the AChE activity and improved memory in mice, making this compound is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. 相似文献
Alogliptin (ALG) is a hypoglycemic drug used in diabetes which inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), preventing the degradation of incretins, stimulating insulin secretion. The physicochemical characteristics of ALG were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG) and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDS). The compatibility studies were carried out between ALG and excipients (physical mixtures, 1:1) using DSC, TG, diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and hot-stage microscopy. ALG presented purity near to 99%, melted in the range of 179.4–187.2 °C, followed by decomposition which started in 198.0 °C. SEM/EMS analysis of ALG presented irregular crystals and traces of impurities as copper and lead. DSC investigations obtained by physical mixtures showed minor alterations in the melting ranges of ALG with mannitol, magnesium stearate and commercial tablets. Solubilization of ALG in the fused excipient was observed by hot-stage microscopy between mannitol and ALG, and in tablets. The interaction observed in the mixture with magnesium stearate is due to the melting of the excipient and drug separately, first the excipient and then the drug. FTIR showed additional bands related to the excipients. XRPD proved that ALG has a crystal form and no alterations in the ALG profile were observed after the mixtures. ALG was compatible with all excipients tested. These results were important to understand the characteristics, stability and compatibility of the drug, and proved to be useful in preformulation studies.