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71.
A new optical technique based on real time holographic interferometry in true colors has been implemented around the transonic
wind tunnel of the ONERA-Lille center to analyze 2D unsteady wake flows. Tests realized in color interferometry, real time
and double exposure, use simultaneously three wavelengths of a continuous waves laser (argon and krypton mixed) and holograms
are recorded on silver-halide single-layer panchromatic Slavich PFG03c plates. The very principle of real-time true color
holographic interferometry uses three primary wavelengths (red, green and blue) to record, under no-flow conditions, the interference
among the three measurement beams and the three reference beams simultaneously on a single reference hologram. After the holographic
plate is developed, it is placed on the test setup again in the position it occupied during exposure and the hologram is illuminated
again by the three reference beams and three measurement beams. A flat, uniform color can then be observed behind the hologram.
So a horizontal, vertical, or even circular fringe pattern can be formed and the achromatic central fringe can be made out
very clearly. The single color is used to determine the path difference zero on the interferograms. The flow studied was the
unsteady flow downstream of a cylinder placed crosswise in the test section. A sequence of hundred interferograms was recorded
on the flow around the cylinder at Mach 0.37. The vortex formation and dissipation phases can be seen very clearly, along
with the fringe beat to either side of the cylinder. 相似文献
72.
V. V. Dvorkin N. N. Dzbanovskii A. F. Pal’ N. V. Suetin A. Yu. Yur’ev P. Ya. Detkov 《Physics of the Solid State》2004,46(4):729-732
A suspension of ultrafine-dispersed nanodiamond was used for introducing (in particular, selectively) high-density centers of diamond nucleation on various substrates. High-quality doped diamond films to be used as electrochemistry electrodes were deposited from the gas phase in a microwave discharge on certain substrates treated using ultrafine-dispersed nanodiamond. A uniform distribution of nucleation centers with concentrations greater than 1010 cm-2 on silicon substrates was obtained. Electrochemical current-potential curves were measured for continuous films. Diamond meshes of different transparency were grown using selective nucleation. Successful production of high-quality doped diamond meshes gives grounds to consider them the most promising electrodes for use in electrochemistry. 相似文献
73.
Russian Physics Journal - 相似文献
74.
75.
Results of a numerical analysis of mass transfer in systems of macroscopic particles with various isotropic interaction potentials are presented. Parameters that determine transport properties of nonideal dissipative systems are obtained for a broad class of model potentials. An approximate expression for the diffusivity of interacting particles is proposed. The relationship between diffusivity and viscosity is analyzed for strongly nonideal systems. 相似文献
76.
E. A. Ekimov E. L. Gromnitskaya D. A. Mazalov A. F. Pal’ V. V. Pichugin S. Gierlotka B. Palosz J. A. Kozubowski 《Physics of the Solid State》2004,46(4):755-757
Superhard nanodiamond-SiC ceramics are prepared by infiltrating liquid Si into porous nanodiamond compacts under pressure.
Synthesized samples are 2.2 mm thick and 3–4 mm in diameter. The effect of particle size of dynamically synthesized nanodiamond
powders on silicon infiltration and SiC phase formation is studied. It is established that silicon does not penetrate into
the pores of nanodiamond powders if the original particle size is smaller than 0.5–1.0 μm. The critical pore size for infiltration
is 100–200 nm. A study of the microstructure of the samples showed the presence of the nanometer-and submicron-scale SiC phase.
The ultrasound velocities are measured in the prepared compacts, and the elastic moduli are calculated.
__________
Translated from Fizika Tverdogo Tela, Vol. 46, No. 4, 2004, pp. 734–736.
Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2004 by Ekimov, Gromnitskaya, Mazalov, Pal’, Pichugin, Gierlotka, Palosz, Kozubowski. 相似文献
77.
78.
M. I. Adamovich V. Bradnova S. Vokal S. G. Gerasimov V. A. Dronov P. I. Zarubin A. D. Kovalenko K. A. Kotel'nikov V. A. Krasnov V. G. Larionova F. G. Lepekhin A. I. Malakhov G. I. Orlova N. G. Peresadko N. G. Polukhina P. A. Rukoyatkin V. V. Rusakova N. A. Salmanova B. B. Simonov M. M. Chernyavsky M. Haiduc S. P. Kharlamov L. Just 《Physics of Atomic Nuclei》2004,67(3):514-517
New results concerning the topology of the fragmentation of relativistic nuclei 7Li and 10B are presented. A program is proposed for studying the cluster structure of stable and radioactive nuclei. The use of emulsions in the investigation of nuclear clustering in the fragmentation of light nuclei at energies are in excess of 1 GeV per nucleon is discussed. 相似文献
79.
Stacy J. Taylor Robson F. Storey 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(23):5942-5953
3,3′,5,5′‐Tetrakis(2‐chloro‐2‐propyl)biphenyl (biphenyl tetracumyl chloride, BPTCC) and 1,3‐bis[3,5‐bis(2‐chloro‐2‐propyl)phenoxy]propane (diphenoxypropane tetracumyl chloride, DPPTCC) were synthesized as initiators for quasiliving cationic polymerization of isobutylene (IB). In the synthesis of BPTCC, tetrafunctionality was achieved via the coupling of dimethyl 5‐bromoisophthalate (DMBI) using nickel dibromide bis(triphenylphosphine) and zinc in the presence of a base; in the synthesis of DPPTCC, two equivalents of dimethyl 5‐hydroxyisophthalate were linked via reaction with 1,3‐dibromopropane in the presence of potassium carbonate. Both initiators were used to initiate the polymerization of IB under quasiliving cationic polymerization conditions. PIB initiated from BPTCC revealed a chain end/molecule value (as determined by 1H‐NMR) of 3.85, verifying the nearly exclusive production of 4‐arm polyisobutylene (PIB). GPC analysis revealed a narrow peak representing the target four‐arm PIB, with a slight shoulder at high elution volumes (low molecular weights). GPC analysis of the PIB initiated by DPPTCC revealed multimodal distributions, suggesting the formation of two‐, three‐, and four‐arm star polymers during the polymerization. This behavior was attributed to Friedel–Crafts alkylation of the initiator core after the addition of one IB unit, which was activated by the electron‐donating oxytrimethyleneoxy linking moiety. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5942–5953, 2004 相似文献
80.
J. Saunier F. Alloin J. Y. Sanchez B. Barrire 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(3):544-552
Some microporous poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF) separators for lithium‐ion batteries, used in liquid organic electrolytes based on a mixture of carbonate solvents and lithium salt LiPF6, were characterized by the study of the swelling phenomena on dense PVdF membranes. Various aspects of the kinetics of the carbonate solvents and the solvent mixture sorption in dense PVdF slabs were studied at different temperatures. Non‐Fickian behavior, characterized by S‐shaped sorption curves, was highlighted, and a salt effect, which resulted in two‐stage sorption, was studied. Diffusion coefficients and activation energies were calculated for the Fickian portions of the sorption curves, that is, at short times and low swelling ratios. A strong influence of the different interaction parameters was shown for the swelling kinetics. This study proved that the swelling of microporous PVdF membranes could be considered instantaneous. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 544–552, 2004 相似文献