Sharing delay information in service systems: a literature survey

Service providers routinely share information about upcoming waiting times with their customers, through delay announcements. The need to effectively manage the provision of these announcements has led to a substantial growth in the body of literature which is devoted to that topic. In this survey paper, we systematically review the relevant literature, summarize some of its key ideas and findings, describe the main challenges that the different approaches to the problem entail, and formulate research directions that would be interesting to consider in future work.     

On the multiplicity of solutions in generation capacity investment models with incomplete markets: a risk-averse stochastic equilibrium approach

Investment in generation capacity has traditionally been evaluated by computing the present value of cashflows accruing from new equipment in a market with globally optimized capacity mix. The competition and risk that now prevail in the sector may require a more refined analysis. We consider a competitive market with agents investing in some mix of capacities: the risk exposure of a plant and the attitude towards risk of the owner depend on the plant and the portfolio of its capacities. They may also depend on hedging contracts acquired by the investor on the market if such contracts exist. We represent these effects through equilibrium models of generation capacity in incomplete markets. The models come in different versions depending on the portfolio of physical plants and hedging contracts. These modify the long-term risk of the plants, the attitude of the owners towards risk, and hence the incentive to invest. The models involve risk-averse producers and consumers, and their behavior is represented by convex risk measures. We use degree theory to prove existence and explore multiplicity of equilibrium solutions.     

Kinetics and mechanism of the redox reaction of N,N′-phenylenebis-(salicylideneiminato)iron(III) with oxalic acid in mixed aqueous medium

Transition Metal Chemistry - The kinetics of electron transfer between N,N′-phenylenebis-(salicylideneiminato)iron(III), hereafter referred to as [Fe(Salphen)]+, and oxalic acid was studied...     

Frontal free‐radical photopolymerization of thick samples: Applications to LED‐induced fiber‐reinforced polymers

Free‐radical photopolymerization is scarcely used for the manufacturing of fiber‐reinforced polymers. The main issue relies on the penetration depth of light which affects the conversion degree when photopolymerizing thick samples. Consequently, this could lead to inhomogeneous polymer properties. The ability of acylphosphine oxides to photobleach under near UV irradiation makes them of great interest for the curing of thick samples. Therefore, the influence of (2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide on the curing of composites under LED is investigated. Although that a frontal photopolymerization process can be evidenced, it was found that full photobleaching is hardly obtained at high concentration of photoinitiator. Six layers laminates made of unidirectional fiber glass and unsaturated polyester resin were prepared. The existence of an optimal range of concentration for which the conversion of the resin is the most homogeneous throughout its thickness was pointed out, a fact that is confirmed by dynamic mechanical analysis. Interestingly, this effect is reflected in the shrinkage of the resin as shown by direct measurements or deflection experiments. Mechanical analysis was undertaken whose results correlate well with the aforementioned study, demonstrating the occurrence of a balance between the concentration of photoinitiator and the mechanical properties of the samples. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019 , 57, 898–906     

Ring Opening and Recyclization Reactions of 3‐Nitrochromone with Some Nucleophilic Reagents

The chemical reactivity of 3‐nitrochromone ( 1 ) was studied towards some nucleophilic reagents. Reaction of 3‐nitrochromone ( 1 ) with some carbon nucleophiles revealed existence of ring‐opening ring‐closure reactions, and the mode of cyclization depends on the nucleophile used. Treatment of 3‐nitrochromone ( 1 ) with malononitrile and ethyl cyanoacetate produced benzoxocinone derivatives 2 and 3 , respectively. Boiling compound 1 with cyanoacetamide and 2‐aminoprop‐1‐ene‐1,1,3‐tricarbonitrile afforded pyridine derivatives 4 and 5 , respectively. Reaction of compound 1 with 1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐ylacetonitrile, 5‐amino‐2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐pyrazol‐3‐one, and dimedone led to pyrido[1,2‐a]benzimidazole 6 , pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine 7 , and chromenone 8 , respectively. Treating 3‐nitrochromone ( 1 ) with heterocyclic amines gave enaminones 11 and 12 via nucleophilic attack at C‐2 position with ring opening. The structures of the newly synthesized products were deduced on the basis of their analytical and spectral data.