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861.
E. S. Voropai M. P. Samtsov K. N. Kaplevskii A. A. Maskevich V. I. Stepuro O. I. Povarova I. M. Kuznetsova K. K. Turoverov A. L. Fink V. N. Uverskii 《Journal of Applied Spectroscopy》2003,70(6):868-874
Comparative analysis of the absorption and fluorescence spectra and fluorescence excitation spectra of thioflavin T (ThT) in various solvents and in the composition of amyloid fibrils has shown that ThT, when excited in the region of the long-wavelength absorption band, fluoresces in the spectral region with a maximum at 478–484 nm. The appearance in aqueous and alcohol solutions of a fluorescence band with a maximum near 440 nm has been attributed to the presence in the composition of the ThT preparations of an impurity with an absorption band in the 340–350-nm range. The literature data showing that in glycerol ThT has a wide fluorescence spectrum with two maxima are due to the artifact connected with the use of a high concentration of the dye. It has been suggested that the cause of the low quantum yield of ThT aqueous and alcohol solutions is the breakage of the system of conjugated bonds due to the reorientation of the benzothiozole and benzaminic rings of ThT in the excited state with respect to one another. The main factor determining the high quantum yield of fluorescence of ThT incorporated in fibrils is the steric restriction of the rotation of the rings about one another under these conditions. The suggestions made have been verified by the quantum-chemical calculation of the ThT molecule geometry in the ground and excited states. 相似文献
862.
D. V. Treschev 《Proceedings of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics》2007,259(1):196-235
We propose a method for constructing noncommutative analogs of objects from classical calculus, differential geometry, topology,
dynamical systems, etc. The standard (commutative) objects can be obtained from noncommutative ones by natural projections
(a set of canonical homomorphisms). The approach is ideologically close to the noncommutative geometry of A. Connes but differs
from it in technical details. 相似文献
863.
Martin I. Karakhanyan 《Journal of Contemporary Mathematical Analysis (Armenian Academy of Sciences)》2007,42(3):146-150
The paper proves some general facts on commutators that refer to Fuglede-Putnam classical theorem in the spectral theory of not necessarily selfadjoint operators. 相似文献
864.
V. I. Maslov 《Russian Physics Journal》2007,50(5):425-428
An abrupt rise of the field electron emission (FEE) current from a high-temperature superconductor (HTSC) being in the normal
state has been detected. The current amplification with a factor reaching ∼106 occurs as an HTSC emitter is heated in the temperature range 110–170 K. The features of the temperature dependence of FEE
are discussed. Measured parameters of the effect observed are presented. Possible mechanisms of the process under consideration
are discussed.
__________
Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 5, pp. 13–16, May, 2007. 相似文献
865.
M. Z. Faizullin 《Journal of Engineering Thermophysics》2007,16(3):139-144
To study thermodynamic similarity of the properties of crystalline substances, we propose an approach connected with engaging
of the metastable state region. Internal pressure and specific volume on the crystal’s stability boundary at T = 0 K are used as characteristic scales of thermodynamic variables. A semiempirical method of calculation of the stability
boundary by the thermodynamic data related to the stable states region of a solid body is described. In the cases of argon
and natrium, the stability boundary is calculated for a wide range of temperatures and pressures. Analysis of the properties
of neon, argon, krypton, and xenon crystals in these variables indicates that the law of corresponding states holds for these
substances. 相似文献
866.
In recent publications, it has been shown that high-order harmonic generation can be manipulated by employing a time delayed attosecond-pulse train superposed to a strong, near-infrared laser field. It is an open question, however, which is the most adequate way to approximate the attosecond-pulse train in a semianalytic framework. Employing the strong-field approximation and saddle-point methods, we make a detailed assessment of the spectra obtained by modeling the attosecond-pulse train by either a monochromatic wave or a Dirac-Delta comb. These are the two extreme limits of a real train, which is composed by a finite set of harmonics. Specifically, in the monochromatic limit, we find the downhill and uphill sets of orbits reported in the literature, and analyze their influence on the high-harmonic spectra. We show that, in principle, the downhill trajectories lead to stronger harmonics, and pronounced enhancements in the low plateau region. These features are analyzed in terms of quantum interference effects between pairs of quantum orbits, and compared to those obtained in the Dirac-Delta limit. 相似文献
867.
Those who have worked in the Royal Institution of Great Britain have, since its foundation in 1799, made significant contributions
to scientific knowledge, to its practical application, and to its communication to a wide variety of audiences. Such work
cannot be carried out in an architectural vacuum, and in this paper we examine how the buildings of the Royal Institution,
20 and 21 Albemarle Street in central London, have shaped the work undertaken within its walls and how, on a number of occasions,
the buildings have been reconfigured to take account of the evolving needs of scientific research and communication.
This paper is based on the Conservation Plan of the Royal Institution that we wrote during 2003. The Conservation Plan did
not examine the land owned by the Royal Institution to the north (i.e., 22 and 23 Albemarle Street; for this area see Richard Garnier, “Grafton Street, Mayfair,” Georgian Group Journal 13 (2003), 210–272), but it did discuss 18 and 19 Albemarle Street. In this paper we concentrate on the core Royal Institution
buildings at 20 and 21 Albemarle Street. Other studies of the relationship of architecture,space, and science include Crosbie
Smith and Jon Agar, ed., Making Space for Science: Territorial Themes in the Shaping of Knowledge (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997); Peter Galison and Emily Thompson, ed., The Architecture of Science (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1999); and Sophie Forgan,“The architecture of science and the idea of a university,” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 20 (1989), 405–434.
Frank A.J.L. James is Professor of the History of Science at the Royal Institution; he has written widely on the history of
nineteenth-century science in its social and cultural contexts and is editor of the Correspondence of Michael Faraday. He is President of the British Society for the History of Science. Anthony Peers is an Associate of Rodney Melville and
Partners where he works in the field of building conservation as an architectural historian. He is a Council member of the
Ancient Monument Society. 相似文献
868.
869.
G. Bouwmans B. Ségard P. Glorieux P. A. Khandokhin N. D. Milovsky E. Yu. Shirokov 《Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics》2004,47(10-11):729-742
This paper is devoted to the polarization dynamics of a longitudinally monomode bipolarized Nd:YAG laser: the low-frequency polarization dynamics of a microchip laser is studied experimentally and theoretically. The intensities and the relaxation oscillation spectrum of orthogonally polarized modes versus the direction of pump polarization is observed. A phase-sensitive model of a longitudinally monomode bipolarized solid-state laser with linear polarized diode laser pump is developed to account for the experimental observations. 相似文献
870.
New variants of the generalized level method for minimization of convex nondifferentiable functions taking infinite values 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
N. A. Sokolov 《Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics》2007,47(12):1952-1969
New variants of the generalized level method for minimization of convex Lipschitz functions on a compact set with a nonempty interior are proposed. These variants include the well-known generalized and classical level methods. For the new variants, an estimate of the convergence rate is found, including the variants in which the auxiliary problems are solved approximately. 相似文献