Simultaneous potentiometric determination of cationic and ethoxylated nonionic surfactants in liquid cleaners and disinfectants

A sensitive potentiometric surfactant sensor based on a highly lipophilic 1,3-didecyl-2-methyl-imidazolium cation and a tetraphenylborate (TPB) antagonist ion was used as the end-point detector in ion-pair potentiometric surfactant titrations using sodium TPB as a titrant. Several analytical and technical grade cationic and ethoxylated nonionic surfactants (EONS) and mixtures of both were potentiometrically titrated.The sensor showed satisfactory analytical performances within a pH range of 3-10 and exhibited satisfactory selectivity for all CS and EONS investigated. Ionic strength did not influence the titration except at 0.1 M NaCl, in which a slight distortion of the second inflexion corresponded with the nonionic surfactant.Two-component combinations of four CS and three EONS were potentiometrically titrated using the sensor previously mentioned as the end-point detector. The quantities of the surfactants varied between 2 and 6 μmol for CS and 2.50 and 7.50 μmol for EONS. The known addition methodology was used for determination of the surfactant with considerably lower concentration in the mixture.Three commercial products containing cationic surfactants as disinfectants and nonionic surfactants were potentiometrically titrated, and the results for both type of surfactants were compared with those obtained with standard conventional methods.     

Di­iodo(3,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyrimidin­ium‐2‐thiol­ato‐S)­mercury(II)

The reaction of 3,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyrimidine‐2‐thione (H₄py­mtH) with mercury(II) iodide in methanol in a 1:1 molar ratio resulted in the formation of single crystals of the title compound, [Hg(C₄H₈N₂S)I₂]. The Hg atom is coordinated by one S atom from H₄pymtH at 2.456 (2) Å and by two I atoms at distances of 2.6872 (7) and 2.7044 (6) Å, and has a characteristic deformed trigonal coordination geometry. The molecule has crystallographic m symmetry but the Hg atom is disordered above and below the mirror plane.     

A new complex of HgBr2 and pyrimidine‐2‐thione: (pyrimidine‐2‐thionato‐κS)(pyrimidinium‐2‐thionato‐κS)mercury(II) tetrabromomercury(II)

The title compound, [Hg(C₄H₄N₂S)(C₄H₃N₂S)]₂[HgBr₄], con­sists of [Hg(pymt)(pymtH)]⁺ complex cations (pymtH is pyrimidine‐2‐thione) lying across twofold rotation axes in space group Fddd, with linearly coordinated mercury at an Hg—S distance of 2.357 (3) Å, and [HgBr₄]²⁻ anions lying at sites of 222 symmetry. The Hg atom is additionally coordinated by two N and two Br atoms, forming a 2+4 effective coordination sphere. The protonated ligand is connected via N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds to the neighbouring unprotonated ligand, thus forming infinite chains of cations.     

Synthesis and Structure of cis-Dioxo(3-Methoxysalicylaldehyde 4-Methylthiosemicarbazonato-N,O,S)(γ-Picoline-N)Molybdenum(VI)

Abstract  Red crystals of cis-dioxo(3-methoxysalicylaldehyde 4-methylthiosemicarbazonato-N,O,S)(γ-picoline-N)molybdenum(VI), [MoO₂L(γ-pic)], [L²⁻=CH₃OC₆H₄(O)CH=NN=C(S)NHCH₃, 3-methoxysalicylaldehyde 4-methylthiosemicarbazonato] were prepared by the reaction of [MoO₂L] _n with γ-picoline in dry methanol. The title compound crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n, a = 6.7984(7) ?, b = 15.9760(12) ?, c = 17.1466(14) ?, β = 93.613(8)°, V = 1858.6(3) ?³, Z = 4. The coordination geometry around the molybdenum center is distorted octahedral with the tridentate thiosemicarbazonato ligand (L²⁻) bonded meridionally to the [MoO₂]²⁺ core. The sixth coordination site is occupied by a weakly bound γ-picoline molecule. The adjacent molecules are joined by the N–H···O hydrogen bonds between their amino and methoxy groups thus forming infinite molecular chains. The three-dimensional solid-state structure is achieved by the additional C–H···O, C–H···π and van der Waals interactions. Graphical Abstract  In the title compound, [MoO₂L(γ-pic)], the tridentate thiosemicarbazonato ligand (L²⁻) is meridionally bound to the [MoO₂]²⁺ core, while a molecule of γ-picoline completes the distorted octahedral coordination around the metal atom.      

The Solvent Effect on Composition and Dimensionality of Mercury(II) Complexes with Picolinic Acid

Three new mercury(II) coordination compounds, {[HgCl(pic)]}_n (1), [HgCl(pic)(picH)] (2), and [HgBr(pic)(picH)] (3) (picH = pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, picolinic acid) were prepared by reactions of the corresponding mercury(II) halides and picolinic acid in an aqueous (1) or alcohol–methanol or ethanol (2 and 3) solutions. Two different types of coordination compounds were obtained depending on the solvent used. The crystal structures were determined by the single-crystal X-ray structural analysis. Compound 1 is a one-dimensional (1-D) coordination polymer with mercury(II) ions bridged by chelating and bridging N,O,O′-picolinate ions. Each mercury(II) ion is four-coordinated with a bidentate picolinate ion, a carboxylate O atom from the symmetry-related picolinate ion and with a chloride ion; the resulting coordination environment can be described as a highly distorted tetrahedron. Compounds 2 and 3 are isostructural mononuclear coordination compounds, each mercury(II) ion being coordinated with the respective halide ion, N,O-bidentate picolinate ion, and N,O-bidentate picolinic acid in a highly distorted square-pyramidal coordination environment. Compounds 1–3 were characterized by IR spectroscopy, PXRD, and thermal methods (TGA/DSC) in the solid state and by ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy in the DMSO solution.     

ESI‐MS studies of the non‐covalent interactions between biologically important metal ions and N‐sulfonylcytosine derivatives

The aim of this report is to present the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry results of the non‐covalent interaction of two biologically active ligands, N‐1 ‐ (p‐toluenesulfonyl)cytosine, 1‐TsC, 1 and N‐1 ‐ methanesulfonylcytosine, 1‐MsC, 2 and their Cu(II) complexes Cu(1‐TsC‐N3)₂Cl₂, 3 and Cu(1‐MsC‐N3)₂Cl₂ and 4 with biologically important cations: Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and Zn²⁺. The formation of various complex metal ions was observed. The alkali metals Na⁺ and K⁺ formed clusters because of electrostatic interactions. Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ salts produced the tris ligand and mixed ligand complexes. The interaction of Zn²⁺ with 1–4 produced monometal and dimetal Zn²⁺ complexes as a result of the affinity of Zn²⁺ ions toward both O and N atoms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Mercury(II) Compounds with 1,3-Benzothiazole-2-thione. Spectral, Thermal, and Crystal Structure Studies

Mercury(II) halides, HgX₂ (X = Cl^–, Br^–, I^–) react with 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thione (btztH) in methanol solutions giving the HgX₂(btztH) and HgX₂(btztH)₂ types of compounds. Mercury(II) acetate gives the thiolato compound Hg(btzt)₂ because of the deprotonation of btztH. Hg(btzt)₂ reacts with 2,2-bipyridine (bipy) giving a 1:1 complex. IR, ¹H, and ¹³C NMR spectral studies indicate that btztH acts as a monodenatate ligand through the S thione donor atom in all complexes. The X-ray crystal structure determinations of [HgI₂(btztH)]₂, HgBr₂(btztH)₂, Hg(btzt)₂, and Hg(btzt)₂(bipy) have been carried out revealing tetrahedrally coordinated mercury atom in [HgI₂(btztH)]₂ and HgBr₂(btztH)₂, while in Hg(btzt)₂(bipy) 2 + 2 coordination is achieved through strong Hg (N(bipy) contacts. A linear coordination in Hg(btzt)₂ is not affected by the Hg N contacts, which are longer than in Hg(btzt)₂(bipy), but still shorter than the van der Waals sum of mercury and nitrogen covalent radii. [HgI₂(btztH)]₂ exists as centrosymmetrical dimer with a Hg₂I₂ bridging core. The dimeric molecules are linked by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the terminal iodine atom and the NH group [3.63(1) Å] into infinite chains along the z-axis. There are N–H Br(bridging) intermolecular hydrogen bonds in HgBr₂(btztH)₂ joining molecules into endless chains along the x-axis. The Br(bridging) atom acts as double proton acceptor and two NH groups as proton donors [NH Br(bridging) 3.278(9) and 3.338(7) Å]. The mercury to sulfur and mercury to halogen bond distances in [HgI₂(btztH)]₂ and HgBr₂(btztH)₂ are discussed in relation to the analogous compounds, revealing strong influence of hydrogen bonds on their relative strengths as well as crystal packing requirements of the ligand. The sulfur and halogen atoms are more tightly bound to mercury implicating severe distortion of the coordination polyhedron in the structures in which they do not take part in hydrogen bonds formation. The influence of steric requirements of the ligands in Hg(btzt)₂ and Hg(btzt)₂(bipy) on the distortion of the mercury coordination polyhedra accompanied with the relative strength of Hg N contacts is considered.     

A new cytosine-copper paramagnetic complex spectroscopic study

Two different copper complexes with cytosine molecules are formed in the process of crystal growth from the aqueous solution with traces of copper. One of them is diamagnetic, turning into paramagnetic upon ionizing irradiation (complex I). The other, the subject of the present study, is paramagnetic (complex II) as prepared. For complex II, EPR spectra demonstrate that the copper ion is coordinated with one nitrogen atom and three oxygen atoms. On the basis of the detailed EPR spectroscopic analysis and quantum-chemical calculations (in the DFT approach) the model of the complex has been proposed. Both experimental data and the theoretical results support the model with the copper atom, located between the two cytosine ribbons, ligated to a nitrogen and an oxygen atom from two opposing cytosine molecules and two oxygen atoms from water molecules. For complex II the Raman spectra demonstrated concerted restructuring of the hydrogen bonding in the cytosine crystal matrix upon insertion of copper ions.     

The Langlands classification for non-connectedp-adic groups

We give the Langlands classification for a non-connected reductive quasisplitp-adic groupG, under the assumption thatG/G ⁰ is abelian (here,G ⁰ denotes the connected component of the identity ofG). The Langlands classification for non-connected groups is an extension of the Langlands classification from the connected case.     

A 1:2 complex of mercury(II) chloride with 1,3‐imidazole‐2‐thione

The Hg atom in the title monomeric complex, di­chloro­bis(3‐imidazolium‐2‐thiol­ato‐S)­mercury(II), [HgCl₂(C₃H₄N₂S)₂], is four‐coordinate having an irregular tetrahedral geometry composed of two Cl atoms [Hg—Cl 2.622 (2) and 2.663 (2) Å] and two thione S atoms [Hg—S 2.445 (2) and 2.462 (2) Å]. The monodentate thione ligand adopts a zwitterionic form and exists as the 3‐imidazolium‐2‐thiol­ate ion. The bond angle S1—Hg—S2 of 130.87 (8)° has the greatest deviation from ideal tetrahedral geometry. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds between two of the four N—H groups and one of the Cl atoms [3.232 (8) and 3.238 (7) Å] stabilize the crystal structure, while the other two N—H groups contribute through the formation of N—H?Cl intramolecular hydrogen bonds with the other Cl atom [3.121 (7) and 3.188 (7) Å].