Cu-13.9Al-4Ni合金的热弹性马氏体相变内耗峰

采用不完全相变内耗测量法研究了Cu-13.9Al-4Ni合金在热弹性马氏体相变时其相变内耗峰与外界变量的依赖关系.当测量频率较低时,完全相变法所测量的单一内耗峰被成功分解成双峰,即高温内耗峰和低温内耗峰.低温内耗峰位置对应于相对动力学模量的最小值,高温内耗峰则对应于相对动力学模量的拐点位置,且呈现出明显的反常振幅效应.     

Efficiently Synthesizing Lacto-Ganglio-Series Gangliosides by Using a Glucosyl Ceramide Cassette Approach: The Total Synthesis of Ganglioside X2

The first total synthesis of the hybrid ganglioside X2, which consisted of a highly branched octasaccharide and ceramide moieties, was accomplished by using a glucosyl ceramide cassette approach. With a disaccharyl donor, the heptasaccharide could not be constructed by glycosylation of the C4 hydroxy group of galactose at the reducing end of the pentasaccharide. In contrast, through an alternative approach with two branched glycan units, a GM2-core trisaccharide, and a lacto-ganglio tetrasaccharide, the heptasaccharyl donor could be prepared and subsequently joined with a glucosyl ceramide cassette to afford the protected ganglioside, X2. Finally, global deprotection completed the synthesis, thus affording the pure ganglioside X2.