X-Ray diffraction at high temperatures

Experimental equipment for X-ray diffraction at high temperatures is introduced and the possibility to directly observe the evolution of the atomic (geometric) structure as a function of temperature is discussed. Recent results on crystallization investigations of amorphous iron-based alloys and on the structural development in thin molybdenum sulphide films are given. The kinetics of the process was followed by means of time resolved experiments in both cases.     

The cell Reynolds number myth

The commonly accepted linear stability analysis for the forward-time centred-space (FTCS) algorithm applied to the transport equation has led to the concept of a cell Reynolds number restriction on the spatial grid size. This paper shows where the commonly accepted original analysis is in error and presents the correct stability restrictions, which are restrictions on the time step, not the spatial grid size. There is no cell Reynolds number restriction. The results are confirmed by numerical computations for the two-dimensional driven cavity problem.     

Management Planning and Control in Multi-Branch Banking

This paper describes a model developed for a British bank to assist management in establishing branch goals, evaluating performance and planning new locations. Econometric methods are used to produce a set of equations which effectively predicts the main dimensions of branch performance.     

Evaluating the profitability of advertising for heavily advertised brands: an empirical study

Even companies with large advertising budgets are sceptical of OR models in advertising—such models often appear overly complex, unrealistic and costly to use. Here a simple econometric model is proposed which utilises existing company data. The parameters are estimated for the five leading brands in a sector of the German alcoholic drinks market. Estimates of the short and long run advertising elasticities are made and optimum advertising appropriations are calculated.     

Multitude of core-localized shear Alfvén waves in a high-temperature fusion plasma

Evidence is presented for a multitude of discrete frequency Alfvén waves in the core of magnetically confined high-temperature fusion plasmas. Multiple diagnostic instruments confirm wave excitation over a wide spatial range from the device size at the longest wavelengths down to the thermal ion Larmor radius. At the shortest scales, the poloidal wavelengths are comparable to the scale length of electrostatic drift wave turbulence. Theoretical analysis confirms a dominant interaction of the modes with particles in the thermal ion distribution traveling well below the Alfvén velocity.