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Salah E. M. Eltom Ahmed A. H. Abdellatif Hamzah Maswadeh Mohsen S. Al-Omar Atef A. Abdel-Hafez Hamdoon A. Mohammed Eiman ME. Agabein Ibrahim Alqasoomi Salem A. Alrashidi Mohammed S. M. Sajid Mugahid A. Mobark 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(12)
The ostrich oil of Struthio camelus (Ratite) found uses in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory in eczema and contact dermatitis. The anti-inflammatory effect of a γ-lactone (5-hexyl-3H-furan-2-one) isolated from ostrich oil and its formulated nano-emulsion in formalin-induced paw edema was investigated in this study. Ostrich oil was saponified using a standard procedure; the aqueous residue was fractionated, purified, and characterized as γ-lactone (5-hexyl-3H-furan-2-one) through the interpretation of IR, NMR, and MS analyses. The γ-lactone was formulated as nano-emulsion using methylcellulose (MC) for oral solubilized form. The γ-lactone methylcellulose nanoparticles (γ-lactone-MC-NPs) were characterized for their size, shape, and encapsulation efficiency with a uniform size of 300 nm and 59.9% drug content. The γ-lactone was applied topically, while the formulated nanoparticles (NPs) were administered orally to rats. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (diclofenac gel) was used as a reference drug for topical use and ibuprofen suspension for oral administration. Edema was measured using the plethysmograph method. Both γ-lactone and γ-lactone-MC-NPs showed reduction of formalin-induced paw edema in rats and proved to be better than the reference drugs; diclofenac gel and ibuprofen emulsion. Histological examination of the skin tissue revealed increased skin thickness with subepidermal edema and mixed inflammatory cellular infiltration, which were significantly reduced by the γ-lactone compared to the positive control (p-value = 0.00013). Diuretic and toxicity studies of oral γ-lactone-MC-NPs were performed. No diuretic activity was observed. However, lethargy, drowsiness, and refusal to feeding observed may limit its oral administration. 相似文献
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One-dimensional traveling wave solutions for imbibition processes into a homogeneous porous medium are found within a recent generalized theory of macroscopic capillarity. The generalized theory is based on the hydrodynamic differences between percolating and nonpercolating fluid parts. The traveling wave solutions are obtained using a dynamical systems approach. An exhaustive study of all smooth traveling wave solutions for primary and secondary imbibition processes is reported here. It is made possible by introducing two novel methods of reduced graphical representation. In the first method the integration constant of the dynamical system is related graphically to the boundary data and the wave velocity. In the second representation the wave velocity is plotted as a function of the boundary data. Each of these two graphical representations provides an exhaustive overview over all one-dimensional and smooth solutions of traveling wave type, that can arise in primary and secondary imbibition. Analogous representations are possible for other systems, solution classes, and processes. 相似文献
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Wilson B. Lutz Craig R. Mcnamara Max R. Olinger David F. Schmidt Douglas E. Doster Mark D. Fiedler 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1984,21(4):1183-1188
5,6-Carbonyldioxyindole ( 4 ), a melanogenic derivative of 5,6-dihydroxyindole ( 1 ), was synthesized by a procedure starting with 3,4-methylenedioxycinnamic acid ( 5 ). Compound 4 is a stable crystalline solid which is readily hydrolyzed to 1 , a key intermediate on the biosynthetic pathway from tyrosine to melanin. 相似文献
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The effects on the radiation response of Harwell polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) dosimeters of dose-rate, radiation type, temperature during irradiation and post-irradiation storage, and post-irradiation stability, are of importance to the operators of commercial irradiation facilities.
This paper describes recent studies of the effects of some of these parameters on the radiation response of Harwell Red 4034, Amber 3042, and Gammachrome YR Perspex dosimeters, and provides data on batch to batch variation and shelf-life. 相似文献
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W. Doster 《Journal of Non》2011,357(2):622-628
The “protein dynamical transition” (PDT) characterizes the abrupt loss of structural flexibility at a particular temperature and time scale in response to the glass transition of protein hydration water. The water-coupled structural degrees of freedom interact with the protein via hydrogen bonds, causing fluctuations, which can be probed by dynamic neutron scattering experiments. To emphasize the properties of hydration water a perdeuterated protein C-PC hydrated with H2O is investigated together with native myoglobin. The respective intermediate scattering function of hydration water displays a two-step decay involving fast local re-orientational fluctuations and a slow collective relaxation. The anharmonic onset in the mean squared displacements, which is generally used to identify the PDT, is derived from the properties of the intermediate scattering function at the time given by the resolution of the spectrometer. It is shown that the onset temperature depends on the shape of the relaxation time spectrum. A shape-independent transition temperature TΔ is defined, associated with the main structural relaxation, which decreases with increasing resolution. A second onset is identified near the glass temperature Tg, which is related to the initial decay of the intermediate scattering function. This onset is independent of the instrumental resolution and causes a change in molecular elasticity and thermal expansion. With this approach a more precise definition of the PDT is given, providing answers to the critical questions about the nature and the mechanism of the effect. 相似文献
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A CO(2) laser extraction system is described for in situ delta(13)C analysis of organic and inorganic materials. Carbonaceous compounds volatilized by the laser are quantitatively converted to CO(2) gas by a combustion furnace mounted after the sample chamber. Gases produced by the laser and combustion processes are swept by helium carrier gas and separated by a packed gas chromatography column prior to their introduction to an isotope ratio monitoring mass spectrometer. A sample of lentil bean was analyzed at a spatial resolution of 200 μm and yielded delta(13)C values with precision of +/- 0.3 per thousand. The accuracy of delta(13)C measurements was better than +/- 0.5 per thousand from NBS 22 (mineral oil), USGS 24 (graphite), and IAEA CO-1 (calcium carbonate). Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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