Über Herstellung von Quecksilbersolen durch Reduktion

Zusammenfassung Es wurden zwei Methoden zur Darstellung von kolloidem Quecksilber durch Reduktion von Merkurisalzen ausgearbeitet. Der Dissoziationsgrad der angewandten Merkurisalze ist von gro?em Einflu? auf das Gelingen der Soldarstellung. Es erwies sich, da? nur dann bei der Reduktion von Quecksilbersalzen das Metall in kolloider Form erhalten wird, wenn schon als Zwischenprodukt ein Sol auftritt. Und zwar ist Bedingung, da? dieses Sol Teilchen enth?lt, welche, wie die von Quecksilbersol, negativ geladen sind. Diese Bedingung wird z. B. von Merkuro-, nicht dagegen von Merkurioxydsol erfüllt.     

Experimental study on the retention of silica particles in gravitational field-flow fractionation effects of the mobile phase composition

Effects of mobile phase composition can play an effective role in modulating the retention of particles in gravitational field-flow fractionation (GFFF), the simplest and cheapest among field-flow fractionation (FFF) techniques. In the framework of an optimized procedure for the GFFF characterization of particulate systems, an experimental approach to the effects of the mobile phase composition on the retention of silica particles retention is presented. The role of the ionic strength and the presence of surfactant are emphasized, with special regards to the shape of the particles. Moreover, the first experimental evidence of potential-barrier GFFF is reported.     

Analytical method for band structure calculation of photonic bandgap fibers with depressed index cladding rods

An approximate analytical approach for revealing bandgap information for photonic band gap fibers with depressed index cladding rods is presented. The method considers isolated rods in cladding, with three layers structure: higher index in the core, lower-index depressed layer and silica cladding. Good consistency is found between the results of the approximate analytical method and those from accurate numerical simulations.     

Multispike solutions for the Brezis–Nirenberg problem in dimension three

We consider the problem $\mathrm{\Delta }u+\lambda u+u^5=0$, $u>0$, in a smooth bounded domain Ω in ${\mathbb{R}}^3$, under zero Dirichlet boundary conditions. We obtain solutions to this problem exhibiting multiple bubbling behavior at k different points of the domain as λ tends to a special positive value ${\lambda }_0$, which we characterize in terms of the Green function of $?\mathrm{\Delta }?\lambda$.     

On the Generalized Stochastic Dirichlet Problem—Part I: The Stochastic Weak Maximum Principle

We treat the stochastic Dirichlet problem \(L\lozenge u = h+\nabla f\) in the framework of white noise analysis combined with Sobolev space methods. The input data and the boundary condition are generalized stochastic processes regarded as linear continuous mappings from the Sobolev space \(W_0^{1,2}\) into the Kondratiev space (S)_???1. The operator L is assumed to be strictly elliptic in divergence form \(L\lozenge u=\nabla(A\lozenge\nabla u+b\lozenge u)+c\lozenge\nabla u+d\lozenge u\). Its coefficients: the elements of the matrix A and of the vectors b, c and d are assumed to be generalized random processes, and the product of two generalized processes, denoted by \(\lozenge\), is interpreted as the Wick product. In this paper we prove the weak maximum principle for the operator L, which will imply the uniqueness of the solution to \(L\lozenge u = h+\nabla f\).     

On the Generalized Stochastic Dirichlet Problem—Part II: Solvability,Stability and the Colombeau Case

In this paper we consider the stochastic Dirichlet problem \(L\lozenge u=h+\nabla f\) in the framework of white noise analysis combined with Sobolev space and Colombeau algebra methods. The operator L is assumed to be strictly elliptic in divergence form \(L\lozenge u=\nabla(A\lozenge\nabla u+b\lozenge u)+c\lozenge\nabla u+d\lozenge u\). Its coefficients: the elements of the matrix A and of the vectors b, c and d are assumed to be generalized random processes, and the product of two generalized processes is interpreted as the Wick product. Generalized random processes are considered as linear bounded mappings from the Sobolev space \(W_0^{1,2}\) into the Kondratiev space (S)_???1. In this paper we prove existence and uniqueness of the problem of this form in the case when the operator L generates a coercive bilinear form, and then extend this result to the general case. We also consider the case when the coefficients of L, the input data and the boundary condition are Colombeau-type generalized stochastic processes.     

Über chemische Reaktionen zwischen Kolloiden. 2. Quecksilber und Schwefel

Zusammenfassung Es wurde festgestellt, da? beim Mischen von Quecksilbersol und Schwefelsol kolloides Sulfid entsteht. Und zwar konnte dies dadurch nachgewiesen werden, da? überschüssiger Schwefel aus dem Gemisch der ausgeflockten Kolloide durch Ausziehen mit Natriumsulfitl?sung entfernt wurde, worauf der Rückstand als Merkurisulfid identifiziert werden konnte. In analoger Weise wie früher bei Kupfer- und Schwefelsol konnte gezeigt werden, da? auch hier die kolloiden Stoffe die Reaktionstr?ger sind. Die Umsetzung zwischen kolloidem Quecksilber und Schwefel verlief wesentlich weniger schnell als zwischen Kupfer und Schwefel. So konnte noch eine gewisse Zeit nach dem Zusammengeben der Sole trotz Anwendung eines überschusses an kolloidem Schwefel nicht gebundenes Quecksilber bzw. umgekehrt bei überschüssigem Quecksilber freier Schwefel nachgewiesen werden.     

Electrochemical Oxidation of Metolazone at a Glassy Carbon Electrode

Metolazone is a diuretic agent used in patients with edematous states and/or hypertension. The electrochemical behavior of metolazone on a glassy carbon electrode was investigated using cyclic, differential pulse, and square‐wave voltammetry at different pHs. The pH dependent oxidation of metolazone occurs in two consecutive steps in a diffusion‐controlled mechanism and involves the formation of a main oxidation product. The first oxidation process is reversible, and involves two electrons and two protons corresponding to the oxidation of nitrogen in the sulfonamide moiety. The second oxidation process is irreversible, also occurs in the sulfonamide moiety, involves a one electron‐transfer, and is followed by deprotonation to produce a cation radical, which reacts with water and yields a hydroxylated product. The diffusion coefficient of metolazone was calculated to be 3.43×10^?6 cm² s^?1 in pH 7.0 0.1 M phosphate buffer.