500.8 nmNd∶YAG青光激光器光学薄膜的设计与制备

从双波长激光运转及和频的机理出发，对LD泵浦Nd∶YAG，LBO腔内和频500.8 nm〖JP2〗青光激光器所使用的光学薄膜进行了设计和制备.在激光反射镜的设计上，为了达到最佳的和频输出，对膜系要求进行了深入分析.采用对谐振腔一端面反射率固定不变并通过对另一腔镜基频光的透射率进行调谐的方法, 在给出合理初始结构后，利用计算机对膜厚进行了优化.并采用双离子束溅射沉积的方法，通过时间监控膜厚法成功制备出青光激光器所使用的全介质激光反射膜, 在室温下实现946 nm和1064 nm双波长连续运转，并通过Ⅰ类临界相位匹配LBO晶体腔内和频在国内首次实现500.8 nm青色激光连续输出.当泵浦注入功率为1.4 W时和频青光最大输出达20 mW.     

低泵浦功率的遥泵放大在超长跨距密集波分复用系统中的应用

针对长跨距密集波分复用系统中喇曼放大入纤泵浦功率过大的问题,将遥泵放大器（RP-EDFA）引入到系统中,通过对共纤RP-EDFA的噪音性能及其优化设计的研究,在理论上计算比较了RP-EDFA系统和后向喇曼放大系统在不同泵浦功率水平下的光信噪比和非线性相移,表明遥泵放大技术有效降低了入纤泵浦的功率水平,更适合长跨距应用.运用遥泵放大技术,对一个典型的长跨距系统进行系统Q值的模拟,结果表明：在 220 mW泵浦功率水平下可以实现跨距为 167 km的40×11.6 Gbit/s系统1000 km传输,Q值裕量4.4 dB.     

Wavelet and harmonic filtering for distortion-invariant volume holographic correlation

The wavelet and harmonic filtering method suggested by Zalevsky and Ouzieli is introduced in this paper and adopted in our volume holographic image recognition system. This composite filter combines several scaled versions of the cascaded wavelet and harmonic filter, obtaining high discrimination ability and wide dynamic range of rotation and scale deformations. Optical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the validity and practicability of the algorithm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of using this algorithm in a volume holographic system. Moreover, the separate correlation approach proposed in this paper greatly simplifies the manufacturing process and reduces the cost of the system.     

Temperature-insensitive fiber Bragg grating dynamic pressure sensing system

Temperature-insensitive dynamic pressure measurement using a single fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based on reflection spectrum bandwidth modulation and optical power detection is proposed. A specifically designed double-hole cantilever beam is used to provide a pressure-induced axial strain gradient along the sensing FBG and is also used to modulate the reflection bandwidth of the grating. The bandwidth modulation is immune to spatially uniform temperature effects, and the pressure can be unambiguously determined by measuring the reflected optical power, avoiding the complex wavelength interrogation system. The system acquisition time is up to 85 Hz for dynamic pressure measurement, and the thermal fluctuation is kept less than 1.2% full-scale for a temperature range of -10 degrees C to 80 degrees C.     

机载腔增强吸收光谱系统应用于大气NO_2空间高时间分辨率测量

介绍了一套用于机载平台测量的非相干宽带腔增强吸收光谱(IBBCEAS)系统,并应用于实际大气NO_2空间分布的高时间分辨率观测.为满足机载测量中对时间分辨率的需求,系统采用离轴抛物面镜代替消色差透镜提高光学耦合效率;并运用Allan方差,对系统性能进行了分析.通过腔增强吸收光谱系统与长光程吸收光谱系统对实际大气NO_2的对比测试,两者线性相关系数R~2达到0.86.将IBBCEAS系统应用于机载平台,在时间分辨率为2 s的情况下,探测限达到95 ppt(1σ).通过机载观测,获得了华北地区石家庄等地上空对流层大气NO_2的廓线信息.     

蛋白石型光子晶体红外隐身材料的制备

基于光子晶体的红外隐身材料,主要采取一维层层堆叠结构和三维木堆结构等来实现对红外波段电磁波辐射性能的调控.本文报道了一种操作简易、成本低廉的光子晶体红外隐身材料制备方法.通过优化的垂直沉积法,微米级SiO_2胶体微球自组装成高质量的蛋白石型光子晶体结构.对SiO_2胶体微球进行优选,成功制备了禁带位于2.8—3.5μm,8.0—10.0μm的SiO_2胶体晶体蛋白石型光子晶体材料.该材料可改变目标相应波段的红外辐射特征,具有目标红外波段的隐身效果.     

大尺度有效引力的E(2)规范理论模型

微波背景辐射的低l极矩的各向异性可能不能用微波背景辐射静止系boost到本动参考系来解释,我们推断boost对称性在宇宙学尺度上缺失,又由于单纯结合广义相对论和物质结构的标准模型不能解释星系以上尺度的引力现象,需要引入暗物质和暗能量.而迄今为止所有寻找暗物质粒子的实验给出的都是否定结果,暗能量的本质更是一个谜.因此,我们假设洛伦兹对称性是从星系以上尺度开始部分破缺,以非常狭义相对论对称群E(2)为例,用E(2)规范理论来构造大尺度有效引力理论,并分析了此规范理论的自洽性.从这些讨论中发现,当物质源即使为普通标量物质时,contortion也一般非零,非零contortion的存在会贡献一个等效能量动量张量的分布,它可能对暗物质效应给出至少部分的贡献.我们从对称性出发修改引力,有别于其他的修改引力理论.     

非真空传输的高效交叉偏振滤波设计与产生

采用常规透镜设计了适用于非真空环境中交叉偏振波(XPW)产生的双透镜聚焦系统,在相对较短的距离实现了长焦透镜聚焦的效果,并测量了聚焦后的激光脉冲,发现其没有显著的非线性相位积累,保证了激光光束质量.在非真空中采用双BaF_2晶体得到了XPW系统转换效率22%,光谱1.78倍展宽的净化脉冲输出,双透镜组合聚焦形式使得双BaF_2晶体间距在13—22 cm内可保证20%以上的XPW转换效率,双晶体间距的调节冗余度提高了两个量级,极大地降低了双晶转换效率对晶体间距的依赖.这种正负透镜组合聚焦的光路设计在非真空中实现了高效稳定的XPW输出,为后续的放大应用提供了高对比度、宽光谱的高质量种子源.     

铁冲击相变的晶向效应

采用基于火炮加载的三样品精细波剖面对比测量,研究了晶向效应对铁弹-塑性转变及体心立方结构(bcc,α相)至六角密排结构(hcp,ε相)相变特性的影响.观测到单晶铁异常的弹-塑性转变行为,这与基于位错密度描述的黏塑性本构模型计算结果相符,对应的Hugoniot弹性极限δ_(HEL)均大于6 GPa,且具有晶向相关性,即δ(111)/(HEL)δ(110)/(HEL)δ(100)/(HEL);系统获取了相变起始压力P_(PT)晶向相关性的实验数据,[100],[110]和[111]晶向的PPT实测值分别为13.89±0.57 GPa,14.53±0.53 GPa,16.05±0.67 GPa,其变化规律与非平衡分子动力学计算结果相符.上述结果揭示出冲击压缩下单晶铁存在塑性与相变微观机理的强耦合,为完善用于冲击实验描述的相场动力学模型提供了重要的实验支撑.     

Influence of tetraborate anions on manganese electrodeposition in an anion-exchange membrane electrolysis reactor

The influences of tetraborate anions on manganese electrodeposition in an anion-exchange membrane electrolysis reactor were investigated. The experimental results of manganese electrodeposition indicate that a certain amount of tetraborate anions can increase cathode current efficiency and initial pH 7.0–8.0 is suitable for high cathode current efficiency. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis show the nanocrystalline structure and impact morphology of electrodeposited manganese. The purity of electrodeposited manganese is above 99.88 %. The tests of tetraborate anions on buffer capacity (β) and pH value of the electrolyte near the cathode surface confirm that tetraborate anions facilitate manganese electrodeposition. Tetraborate anions can improve concentration polarization of Mn²⁺ ions and then increase the overpotential of hydrogen evolution reaction. Therefore, ammonium tetraborate can reduce the hydrogen embrittlement, pore, and pitting negative effect on electrodeposit surface, to improve the corrosion resistance of electrodeposited manganese. After tetraborate anions being added in electrolyte, weight loss measurement indicates that the corrosion resistance of electrodeposited manganese is improved. Electrochemical measurements testify that corrosion resistance of electrodeposited manganese containing tetraborate anions in electrolyte is reflected by less negative corrosion potential and higher impedance.