离子色谱法测定牙膏中可溶性氟含量

采用电导抑制检测器–梯度淋洗离子色谱法测定牙膏中可溶性氟含量。使用Ion Pac AS15(250 mm×4mm)色谱柱,Ion Pac AG15(250 mm×4 mm)保护柱,以氢氧化钾溶液梯度淋洗,采用自循环抑制电导检测的方法对牙膏中游离氟含量进行检测。该方法能够准确地测定牙膏中游离氟含量,线性方程的相关系数在0.996以上,样品的加标回收率为99.6%~103.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.37%~0.42%(n=6)。该法操作简单,无需使用更多化学试剂,灵敏度高,测定结果准确可靠,能满足牙膏中游离氟含量的测定要求。     

Structure of 2-acetoxy-1,2-di(1-adamantyl)ethanone

The structure of 2-acetoxy-1,2-di(1-adamantyl)ethanone is reported. The steric requirements of the two adamantyl groups affect the structure in three ways—a slight elongation of the central bond, a small expansion of the angles about the central bond, and a conformation in which the C(sp²)-connected adamantyl group virtually bisects the large substituents attached to the sp³ carbon.     

Determination of Parathion‐methyl in Vegetables by Fluorescent‐Labeled Molecular Imprinted Polymer

A novel sensor for the determination of parathion‐methyl based on couple grafting of functional molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) was fabricated which is developed by anchoring the MIP layer on surfaces of silica particles embedded CdSe quantum dots by surface imprinting technology. The synthesized molecular imprinted silica nanospheres (CdSe@SiO₂@MIP) allow a high selectivity and sensitivity of parathion‐methyl via fluorescence intensity decreasing when the MIP material rebinding the parathion‐methyl molecule. Compared with the MIP fabricated in traditional method, the template of parathion‐methyl was easier to remove from the CdSe@SiO₂@MIP imprinted material. Under optimal conditions, the fluorescence intensity of parathion‐methyl at the imprinted sensor was detected by spectrofluorophotometer. The relative fluorescence intensity of CdSe@SiO₂@MIP decreased linearly with the increasing concentration of parathion‐methyl ranging from 0.013 mg·kg⁻¹ to 2.63 mg·kg⁻¹ with a detection limit (3δ) of 0.004 mg·kg⁻¹ (S/N=3), which is lower than the MIP in tradition. The imprinted film sensor was applied to detect parathion‐methyl in vegetable samples without the interference of other organophosphate pesticides and showed a prosperous application in the field of food safety.     

SAPO-5分子筛的晶化过程研究

采用X射线衍射、 X射线荧光光谱、 扫描电子显微镜和固体核磁共振波谱等方法对SAPO-5分子筛的晶化过程进行了研究. 结果表明, SAPO-5分子筛的生成遵循液相晶化机理. 在晶化前期首先生成一种具有较为规整形貌的无定形磷酸铝(记为Am), 晶化温度大于200 ℃后开始出现SAPO-5, 同时无定形物质Am的量也明显增加, 随后Am逐渐溶解并贡献于SAPO-5的生长; 硅原子在晶化初期直接参与晶化进入SAPO-5分子筛骨架, 随着晶化时间延长, 分子筛晶体中硅含量逐渐增加; SAPO-5骨架仅能容纳少量的Si(4Al)物种, 在样品含有较低硅含量时骨架中即出现硅岛. XPS分析进一步揭示SAPO-5分子筛存在表面富硅现象, 硅在晶体中从核到壳含量递增. 研究结果也表明, 分子筛的拓扑结构和硅源选择影响晶体表面富硅程度.     

无线通信中二进制网络-信道联合删除译码法

提出采用了网络信道联合纠错的编码(JNECD)的方法来降低网络传输的误码率,这种方法将接收到的数据包组成码字矩阵,利用信道编码与网络编码分别对码字矩阵的列和行联合校验检错,得到有可能错误的码元位置,删除所对应的码元,对剩余的码元解方程得到信源消息码字.仿真实验表明,在伽罗华域GF(2)中将JNECD方法与分离网络信道编码(SNCC)和直接传输(DT)方法相比,该算法可以降低通信系统的误码率和丢包率,提高数据包传输的正确概率,减少网络延时,提高网络吞吐量.     

关于牛顿环测量中的不确定度的讨论

详细分析了牛顿环中的测量不确定度,把各级暗环半径左右读数的测量当作不等精度测量处理,从而得到一种简单易操作的结果处理方法.     

Formation of rod-shaped calcite crystals by microemulsion-based synthesis

Novel rod-shaped calcite crystals are formed by precipitation from cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)/1-pentanol/cyclohexane microemulsions containing calcium chloride and ammonium carbonate. The calcium carbonate initially precipitates as hexagon-shaped vaterite crystals. The vaterite crystals transform to unusual rod-shaped calcite crystals over several days. The rod-shaped calcite crystals are prismatic, with the longest crystal axis displaying (110) crystal faces. A possible mechanism of crystal growth is discussed. The elongated shape of the crystals facilitates the assembly into hierarchical structures and can allow the crystals to be used as templates for fabricating advanced materials.     

Sensitive detection of type G botulinum neurotoxin through Endopep-MS peptide substrate optimization

Clostridium botulinum produces botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) that are one of the most poisonous substances. In order to respond to public health emergencies, there is a need to develop sensitive and specific methods for detecting botulinum toxin in various clinical matrices. Our laboratory has developed a mass spectrometry-based Endopep-MS assay that is able to rapidly detect and differentiate BoNT serotypes A–G by immunoaffinity capture of toxins and detection of unique cleavage products of peptide substrates. To improve the sensitivity of the Endopep-MS assay for the detection of BoNT serotype G, we report here the optimization of synthetic peptide substrates through systematic substitution, deletion, and incorporation of unnatural amino acids. Our data show that the resulting optimized peptides produced a significant improvement (two orders of magnitude) in assay sensitivity and allowed the detection of 0.01 mouseLD₅₀ toxin present in buffer solution.

     

Direct Non‐Oxidative Methane Conversion in a Millisecond Catalytic Wall Reactor

Direct non‐oxidative methane conversion (DNMC) has been recognized as a single‐step technology that directly converts methane into olefins and higher hydrocarbons. High reaction temperature and low catalyst durability, resulting from the endothermic reaction and coke deposition, are two main challenges. We show that a millisecond catalytic wall reactor enables stable methane conversion, C₂₊ selectivity, coke yield, and long‐term durability. These effects originate from initiation of the DNMC on a reactor wall and maintenance of the reaction by gas‐phase chemistry within the reactor compartment. The results obtained under various temperatures and gas flow rates form a basis for optimizing the process towards lighter C₂ or heavier aromatic products. A process simulation was done by Aspen Plus to understand the practical implications of this reactor in DNMC. High carbon and thermal efficiencies and low cost of the reactor materials are realized, indicating the technoeconomic viability of this DNMC technology.     

内腔四程放大高功率激光系统寄生振荡

 基于小信号增益公式、菲涅耳反射公式和判断内腔四程放大高功率激光系统寄生腔增益与损耗大小,研究了2个光路构型相似,寄生腔构成相近的高功率固体激光装置（装置A和装置B）的系统寄生振荡问题:首先指出了系统中存在可能起振的3个寄生腔,然后分析了3个寄生腔中影响损耗的各个因素,根据装置A上的实验结果,判断在仅通过钕玻璃片检偏的情况下,装置B的第3寄生腔存在产生寄生振荡的可能性,最后采取加入一组偏振片的方法抑制寄生振荡。