Synthesis of novel copolymer：Poly(p-dioxanone-co-L-phenylalanine)

In order to expand the application of poly(p-dioxanone) or PPDO in biomedical area,a series of novel copolymers were synthesized successfully by one-step,melted copolymerization of p-dioxanone(PDO) and L-phenylalanine N-carboxyanhydride(L-Phe-NCA) monomers.With the in-feed molar ratio of L-PheNCA /PDO equal to 1/20,the conversions of the two kinds of monomers were calculated from ~1H NMR. The average molecular weight and polydispersity of the copolymer increase with the increasing reaction time and catalyst concentration.However,the conversions of the two kinds of monomers did not change with the reaction conditions.A three-step mechanism is presented and proved by high resolution ~1H NMR and IR spectrums.     

Synthesis and characterization of acetylated sept-D-glucopyranose carbamate as an oligosaccharide donor简

An oligosaccharide donor, acetylated sept-o-glucopyranose tetradecyl carbamate, was designed and synthesized. This compound could be easily linked to hydroxyl-containing compounds through an Oglycosidic bond. Characterization of all the oligosaccharide intermediates and the final product was thoroughly discussed.     

甲烷部分氧化气氛制备碳纳米管

碳纳米管是由碳六元环构成的类石墨平面卷曲而成的纳米级中空管,其中每个碳原子通过sp2杂化与周围3个碳原子发生完全键合,管的直径在几个纳米到几十个纳米之间,而轴向长度却可达几十微米甚至更长,故被称为准一维分子纳米材料.由于这种特殊结构,碳纳米管具有许多奇异的物理化学性能,如独特的导电性、极高的机械强度、润滑性和吸附能力等.自发现碳纳米管以来[1],人们开展了多种方法进行制备研究,如电弧放电(Arcdischarge)[2]、激光烧蚀(Laserablation)[3]、碳氢化合物催化分解(Catalyticdecompositionofhydrocarbons)[4]和化学气相沉积(Chem…     

绞股蓝种子中α-桐酸的定性和定量分析

用RTX-5MS弹性石英毛细管柱(0.25mm×30m×0.25μm)气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析绞股蓝种子中的α-桐酸。用相对保留时间和质谱对α-桐酸进行定性分析,用内标法对α-桐酸进行定量分析。结果表明,绞股蓝种子中含有α-桐酸,在0.34—1.37mg/mL范围内线性关系良好(R2=0.9996),平均回收率为99.91%,且绞股蓝种子中α-桐酸的含量为66.9mg/g。实验结果为以后的绞股蓝种子中α-桐酸的开发与利用提供理论依据。     

Pressure-induced phase transitions of multiferroic BiFeO3

Pressure-induced phase transitions of multiferroic BiFeO3 have been investigated using synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction with diamond anvil cell technique at room temperature. Present experimental data clearly show that rhombohedral （R3c） phase of BiFeO3 first transforms to monoclinic （C2/m） phase at 7 GPa, then to orthorhombic （Pnma） phase at 11 GPa, which is consistent with recent theoretical ab initio calculation. However, we observe another peak at 2θ=7° in the pressure range of 5-7 GPa that has not been reported previously. Further analysis reveals that this reflection peak is attributed to the orthorhombic （Pbam） phase, indicating the coexistance of monoclinic phase with orthorhombic phase in low pressure range.     

Theoretical study of the optical gain characteristics of a Ge1-xSnx alloy for a short-wave infrared laser

Optical gain characteristics of Ge_(1_x)Snμx are simulated systematically.With an injection carrier concentration of 5×10~(18)/cm~3 at room temperature,the maximal optical gain of Ge_(0.922)Sn_(0.078) alloy(with n-type doping concentration being 5×10~(18)/cm~3) reaches 500 cm~(-1).Moreover,considering the free-carrier absorption effect,we find that there is an optimal injection carrier density to achieve a maximal net optical gain.A double heterostructure Ge_(0.554)Si_(0.289)Sn_(0.157)/Ge_(0.922)Sn_(0.078)/Ge_(0.554)Si_(0.289)Sn_(0.157) short-wave infrared laser diode is designed to achieve a high injection efficiency and low threshold current density.The simulation values of the device threshold current density J_(th)are 6.47 kA/cm~2(temperature:200 K,and λ=2050 nm),10.75 kA/cm~2(temperature:200 K,and λ=2000 nm),and23.12 kA/cm~2(temperature:300 K,and λ=2100 nm),respectively.The results indicate the possibility to obtain a Si-based short-wave infrared Ge_(1-x)Sn_x laser.     

密闭微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定烟用香精中多种微量元素

烟用香精对卷烟的香、吃味和质量稳定有重要影响,为了有效控制香精质量,降低卷烟主流烟气中有害元素的含量,采用密闭微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定了烟用香精中铍、钒、铬、锰、镍、铜、锌、砷、硒、锶、钼、镉、铊和铅14种元素,方法的线性相关系数0.999 5~1.000 0,相对标准偏差1.3%~9.5%(n=5),检出限0.003~0.13μg.L-1,加标回收率88.1%~109.3%。结果表明方法能够满足微量元素的分析要求。用实验方法测定了38个牌号烟用香精中铍、钒等14种元素的含量。结果发现:(1)香精中锰、锌、锶的含量较高,硒、镍、铬、铜次之,铍、铊、钼、镉、钒、铅和砷的含量最低,其平均值均小于0.1μg.g-1。(2)锰、镉、锶的含量在不同香精之间差别较大,其变异系数分别为276.4%,238.7%,243.8%。     

高压下LiF和NaF的结构稳定性及其电子和光学性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论，采用全势线性缀加平面波加局域轨道方法，计算模拟了LiF高压下的相变行为，预测其在450GPa附近发生由NaCl结构(B1)到CsCl结构(B2)的结构相变.同时还计算了高压下LiF不同相的电学特性，LiF的复介电函数以及介电常数随压强变化关系.通过比较能带结构的变化行为，得出LiF在53GPa附近还存在等结构相变，即由直接带隙结构变为间接带隙结构.将LiF的计算结果与另外一个同构化合物NaF进行了比较讨论. 关键词： LiF 压致相变 从头计算     

孤立分散在SiO2基质中的半导体InSb纳米颗粒界面效应的MS-XANES研究

利用MS-XANES计算研究了嵌入在SiO₂介质中的InSb纳米颗粒的界面效应, 结果显示Sb K-XANES实验谱在白线峰强度增大和白线峰向高能一侧展宽这两个特点的起因是: 1. SiO₂介质透过界面处强的Sb-O共价键间接地影响和改变了InSb团簇中Sb原子内部的势分布; 2. 通过InSb纳米颗粒界面处存在着强的Sb-O共价键使得Sb原子的5p电子被耗尽来提高InSb纳米颗粒Sb原子的5p的空穴数. 这两方面共同决定了InSb纳米颗粒的Sb K-XANES实验谱在白线峰 强度的增大. 此外, 由于纳米颗粒的界面效应, 仅仅把白线峰的强度增大归因于吸收原子电荷转移带来的空穴数增加, 并依此通过白线峰的强度计算吸收原子的空穴数是不合理的.     

高性能MgB2长线材制备及性能表征

采用原位粉末装管工艺,分别以Mg粉(99.5%),无定形B粉(99.9%)为原料,以纳米SiC(10-30 nm)作为掺杂材料制备铁基MgB2线.首先将已混合的原料在丙酮介质中球磨,真空干燥后,将粉末填入铁管内,然后通过孔型轧制、旋锻和拉拔等冷加工工艺得到11 m长外径Ф1.75 mm铁基MgB2超导线.用扫描电镜,电子能谱,X射线衍射仪和超导量子干涉仪测试发现,样品微观结构整齐,晶粒大小均匀,内部仅含微量MgO,TC(onset)= 35.1 K,ΔTC＝5.3 K.纳米SiC掺杂后,其中C造成MgB2晶格畸变,形成有效磁通钉扎中心,C元素在MgB2中分布均匀.标准四引线测试结果表明,11 m线均分10段后,各点的Jc(4.2 K,10 T)均超过1.0×104 A/cm2,最高值达到1.2×104 A/cm2.在10-18T范围各点临界电流值分布均匀,变化率小于10%.