On unique continuation for Schrödinger operators of fractional and higher orders

In this note we study the property of unique continuation for solutions of , where V is in a function class of potentials including for . In particular, when , our result gives a unique continuation theorem for the fractional Schrödinger operator in the full range of α values.     

Global unique continuation from a half space for the Schrödinger equation

We obtain a global unique continuation result for the differential inequality |(i_∂t+Δ)u|?|V(x)u|$|(i{\partial }_t+\mathrm{\Delta })u|?|V(x)u|$ in Rⁿ⁺¹${\mathbb{R}}^{n+1}$. This is the first result on global unique continuation for the Schrödinger equation with time-independent potentials V(x)$V(x)$ in Rⁿ${\mathbb{R}}^n$. Our method is based on a new type of Carleman estimates for the operator i_∂t+Δ$i{\partial }_t+\mathrm{\Delta }$ on Rⁿ⁺¹${\mathbb{R}}^{n+1}$. As a corollary of the result, we also obtain a new unique continuation result for some parabolic equations.     

A new yield stress scaling function for electrorheological fluids

A new scaling function capable of modeling the yield stress behavior of electrorheological (ER) fluids through the full range of electric fields is proposed. In spite of its simple form, a comparison of the model predictions with experimental data for both ac and dc fields and the polarization model shows that the proposed model correctly predicts the yield stress behavior both quantitatively as well as qualitatively.     

Direct and precise determination of environmental radionuclides in solid materials using a modified Marinelli beaker and a HPGe detector.

A simple but precise detection method was studied for the determination of natural radionuclides using a conventional HPGe detector. A new aluminium beaker instead of a plastic Marinelli beaker was constructed and examined to reach radioactive equilibrium conditions between radon and its daughter elements without the escape of gaseous radon. Using this beaker fifteen natural radionuclides from three natural decay series could be determined by direct gamma-ray measurement and sixteen radionuclides could be determined indirectly after radioactive equilibrium had been reached. Analytical results from ground water were compared with those from conventional alpha spectroscopy and the results agreed well within 12% difference. Nitrogen gas purge was used to replace the surrounding air of the detector to obtain a stable background and reducing the interference of radon daughter nuclides in the atmosphere. The use of nitrogen purging and the aluminium Marinelli beaker results in an approximately tenfold increase of sensitivity and a decrease of the detection limit of 226Ra to about 0.74 Bq kg(-1) in soil samples.     

Necroptosis molecular mechanisms: Recent findings regarding novel necroptosis regulators

Necroptosis is a form of programmed necrosis that is mediated by various cytokines and pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Cells dying by necroptosis show necrotic phenotypes, including swelling and membrane rupture, and release damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines, thereby mediating extreme inflammatory responses. Studies on gene knockout or necroptosis-specific inhibitor treatment in animal models have provided extensive evidence regarding the important roles of necroptosis in inflammatory diseases. The necroptosis signaling pathway is primarily modulated by activation of receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), which phosphorylates mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), mediating MLKL oligomerization. In the necroptosis process, these proteins are fine-tuned by posttranslational regulation via phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, and protein–protein interactions. Herein, we review recent findings on the molecular regulatory mechanisms of necroptosis.Subject terms: Apoptosis, Necroptosis, Glycosylation, Phosphorylation, Ubiquitylation     

Simultaneous Separation and Determination of Isosorbide Dinitrate and Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate in Human Plasma by LC–MS–MS

A sensitive, selective, and simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed for the simultaneous separation and determination of isosorbide dinitrate and its active metabolite, isosorbide 5-mononitrate, in human plasma. Topiramate was used as the internal standard. Sample preparation consisted of a simple one-step liquid–liquid extraction with ethylacetate without pH adjustment. The method was fully validated with respect to linearity, sensitivity, specificity, recovery, accuracy, and precision. Isosorbide dinitrate and isosorbide 5-mononitrate were stable in standard solution and in plasma samples under storage and processing conditions. The assay was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of isosorbide dinitrate and isosorbide 5-mononitrate in human plasma.     

Particle and breath figure formation of triblock copolymers having self‐complementary hydrogen‐bonding units

Novel triblock copolymers having self‐complementary hydrogen‐bonding units were synthesized by using reversible addition–fragmentation transfer polymerization. As characterized by dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy, these polymers formed noncovalently crosslinked polymer particles and showed an aggregation behavior by intermolecular and intramolecular interactions. At low concentration, polymers formed nanoparticles, and the particle diameter increased with increasing polymer concentration. Well‐ordered hexagonal microstructures were prepared by “Breath Figure” technique with the triblock copolymers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012     

Fine structure in the cosmic ray electron spectrum measured by the ATIC-2 and ATIC-4 experiments

A strong anomaly in form of a wide peak in the energy range 300–800 GeV was discovered in the first measurements of the electron spectrum in the energy range from 20 GeV to 3 TeV by the balloon-borne experiment ATIC [1]. The experimental data processing and analysis of the electron spectrum with different criteria for selection of electrons completely independent of the results reported in [1] is employed in the present paper. New independent analysis generally confirms the results of [1] but shows that the spectrum in the region of the anomaly is represented by a number of narrow peaks. Measured spectrum is compared to the spectrum of [1] and to the spectrum of the Fermi/LAT experiment.     

Investigation on the magnetic and Mössbauer spectroscopy of 57Fe doped LiMnPO4

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - The 57Fe doped LiMnPO4 cathode with potential applications in Li-ion batteries was prepared by solid-state reaction. The magnetic susceptibility...