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921.
Mestas JL Lenz P Cathignol D 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》2003,113(3):1426-1430
Stable cavitation is produced on the surface of a special target, i.e., an abrasive foil with a grain size of about 15 microm, insonified by a 473 kHz focused beam. Cavitation bubbles are first created by a pressure of about 2 MPa. Progressive reduction of the pressure to about 100 kPa leads to a state of stable cavitation characterized by strong stable emission of the half-order subharmonic. This state can be maintained for five hours if the defining parameters (position and pressure) are optimized and constant to within a few percent. There is strong evidence for the presence of "latent" cavitation bubbles, which can persist for a few minutes without being excited. 相似文献
922.
Niklas?Darin Norman?Kadhom Jean-Jacques?Brière Dominique?Chretien Cécile?M?Bébéar Agnès?R?tig Arnold?Munnich Pierre?RustinEmail author 《BMC biochemistry》2003,4(1):15
Background
Mycoplasma contaminations are a recurrent problem in the use of cultured cells, including human cells, especially as it has been shown to impede cell cycle, triggering cell death under various conditions. More specific consequences on cell metabolism are poorly known. 相似文献923.
The enantioselective synthesis of a potent Maxi-K potassium channel opener (BMS-204352) mediated by N-fluoroammonium salts of cinchona alkaloids is described. Two synthetic pathways were evaluated. An ee as high as 88% was achieved (>99% after a single recrystallisation). 相似文献
924.
Dissimilar material joining using laser (aluminum to steel using zinc-based filler wire) 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Alexandre Mathieu Rajashekar Shabadi Alexis Deschamps Michel Suery Simone Matteï Dominique Grevey Eugen Cicala 《Optics & Laser Technology》2007,39(3):652-661
Joining steel with aluminum involving the fusion of one or both materials is possible by laser beam welding technique. This paper describes a method, called laser braze welding, which is a suitable process to realize this structure. The main problem with thermal joining of steel/aluminum assembly with processes such as TIG or MIG is the formation of fragile intermetallic phases, which are detrimental to the mechanical performances of such joints. Braze welding permits a localized fusion of the materials resulting in a limitation on the growth of fragile phases. This article presents the results of a statistical approach for an overlap assembly configuration using a filler wire composed of 85% Zn and 15% Al. Tensile tests carried on these assemblies demonstrate a good performance of the joints. The fracture mechanisms of the joints are analyzed by a detailed characterization of the seams. 相似文献
925.
This paper is a continuation of “Diffusions conditionelles, I.” If (xt, zt) is a two-component diffusion process, it is shown that under appropriate conditions, the process xt (t ? T), given (zs, s ? T) is a nonhomogeneous strong Markov process, whose generator is explicitly found by using the theory of stochastic flows. The filtering equation is reduced to an ordinary partial differential equation. 相似文献
926.
927.
Catherine Verchre Dominique Rousselle Claude Viel 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》1978,11(8):395-397
Carbon-13 NMR spectra of some dihydro- and tetrahydro-isoquinolines were studied and applied to the assignments of 13C NMR signals of some 8,13-diazasteroids related to the estrone series. Some deuterated compounds were also examined. All signals could be assigned and an important long-range isotopic effect was observed which seems to be due to an interaction between the C? H(D) bond and the nitrogen lone pairs. 相似文献
928.
Consider a continuous time Markov chain with stationary transition probabilities. A function of the state is observed. A regular conditional probability distribution for the trajectory of the chain, given observations up to time t, is obtained. This distribution also corresponds to a Markov chain, but the conditional chain has nonstationary transition probabilities. In particular, computation of the conditional distribution of the state at time s is discussed. For s > t, we have prediction (extrapolation), while s < t corresponds to smoothing (interpolation). Equations for the conditional state distribution are given on matrix form and as recursive differential equations with varying s or t. These differential equations are closely related to Kolmogorov's forward and backward equations. Markov chains with one observed and one unobserved component are treated as a special case. In an example, the conditional distribution of the change-point is derived for a Poisson process with a changing intensity, given observations of the Poisson process. 相似文献
929.
Engeldinger E Armspach D Matt D Jones PG 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2003,9(13):3091-3105
The binding properties of two alpha-cyclodextrins, each containing two C(5)-linked "CH(2)PPh(2)" units, L 1 (A,D-substituted) and L 2 (A,C-substituted), have been investigated. Both ligands readily form transition-metal chelate complexes in which the metal centres are immobilised at the cavity entrance. Although diphosphane L 1 displays a marked tendency to behave only as a trans-spanning ligand, the ligand possesses a certain degree of flexibility, for example, allowing the stabilisation of a trigonal silver(I) complex in which the bite angle drops to 143 degrees. Another feature of L 1 concerns its ability to function as an hemilabile ligand. Together with four methoxy groups anchored onto the primary face, the two P(III) centres of L 1 form a circularly arranged P(2)O(4) 12-electron donor set able to complex an Ag(+) ion in a dynamic way, each of the four oxygen atoms coordinating successively to the silver ion. Furthermore, the particular structures of L 1 and L 2, characterised by the presence of P(III) units lying close to the cavity entrance, lead upon complexation to complexes whereby the first coordination sphere is partly entrapped in the cyclodextrin. Thus, when treated with metal chlorides, both ligands systematically produce complexes in which the Mbond;Cl unit is maintained inside the cyclodextrin through weak Cl.H-5 interactions. The chelate complex [Ag(L 1)]BF(4) reacts with acetonitrile in excess to afford a mixture of two equilibrating complexes, [Ag(acetonitrile)(L 1)]BF(4) and [Ag(acetonitrile)(2)(L 1)]BF(4), whose coordinated nitriles lie inside the cyclodextrin cavity. The inner-cavity ligands can be substituted by a benzonitrile molecule. The present study provides the first identification of an [Ag(acetonitrile)(2)(phosphane)(2)](+) ion. The unexpected stabilisation of this species probably rests on a cavity effect, the cyclodextrin walls favouring recombination of the complex after facile dissociation of the nitrile ligands. 相似文献
930.
Bonnet D Grandjean C Rousselot-Pailley P Joly P Bourel-Bonnet L Santraine V Gras-Masse H Melnyk O 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2003,68(18):7033-7040
A novel procedure for the preparation of alpha-hydrazinoacetyl peptides is reported on the basis of the solid-phase coupling of partially or fully Boc-protected hydrazino acetic acid derivatives. The degree of unwanted polymerization of the activated ester during both activation and coupling was found to be significant for the monoprotected derivative BocNHNHCH(2)CO(2)H but could be minimized with the diprotected derivative BocNHNH(Boc)CH(2)CO(2)H and suppressed with the fully protected acid. Despite the instability of the imidocarbonate group toward acids and bases, a low-cost and effective route was sought for the preparation of the tris(Boc)-protected derivative. The N,N,N'-tris(Boc)hydrazinoacetic acid could be introduced on the solid phase after or before peptide elongation using Fmoc/tert-butyl chemistry. In this latter case, HR MAS NMR analysis of model solid supports demonstrated the partial loss of one Boc group during the repetitive piperidine treatments. Despite this slight instability, N,N,N'-tris(Boc)hydrazinoacetic acid was found to be a highly convenient reagent for the robust and easily scalable preparation of hydrazinopeptides in good yield and high purity. 相似文献