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951.
952.
Rasaratnam Logendran Dirk L. van Oudheusden 《European Journal of Operational Research》1981,8(3):226-234
This study is an attempt to provide the management of the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand with an effective tool for determining the best operation of thermal units. A bi-fuel thermal power plant at North Bangkok, consisting of three thermal units, is considered. One of these units is adaptable to both lignite and fuel oil use, while the others use only fuel oil. A general optimization model, applicable to most power plants, is developed and a simplified version is applied to the North Bangkok Power Plant. A 0–1 mixed integer linear programming technique is used to find a method of operating the thermal units, which minimizes total fuel costs. Comparing the optimal solutions with actual operating strategies shows that savings in costs can be realised by implementing the model solution. Moreover, since the framework developed is quite general, it may be usefully applied to other power plant studies. 相似文献
953.
It is shown that in contrast to the use of coupling constants, chemical shift criteria may lead to unambiguous structural elucidations in pseudorotational frameworks (pentacycles, heptacycles, etc.). 相似文献
954.
Dirk Welsch 《Annalen der Physik》1972,483(3):221-230
Two kinds of stationary RAMAN oscillators are investigated theoretically for molecular crystals. The calculations are done firstly for the generation of one first order anti-STOKES mode and secondly for the generation of one second order STOKES mode. By using a quantum theoretical model described in an earlier paper for treatment of molecular crystals RAMAN scattering is assumed to be polariton scattering. Within this framework coupled nonlinear equations for the polariton operators of the excited modes are derived, stationary occupation numbers for the different modes and threshold conditions are calculated. The influence of phase fluctuations of the pump wave on the line widths of the RAMAN modes are investigated. 相似文献
955.
956.
The 1H NMR chemical shifts of some hydroxy, methoxy or methyl substituted trans-decalins, trans-1, 3-dioxadecalins and cyclohexanes are reported. It is concluded that the replacement in a g+g+ H? C? C? C? H fragment of one hydrogen by hydroxy, methoxy or methyl results in a modest (0.1 ppm) upfield shift of the other hydrogen atom. Experimental limitations to the transferability of shift increments from one molecular environment to another are demonstrated. The syntheses of 1α,5β-dimethoxy- and 1β,5α-dimethoxy-trans-decalin are given. 相似文献
957.
Li K Bracher PJ Guldi DM Herranz MA Echegoyen L Schuster DI 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2004,126(30):9156-9157
A series of Sauvage-type porphyrinorotaxanes containing [60]fullerene stoppers have been synthesized by a convergent route. Photoinduced energy transfer and electron-transfer reactions in these rotaxanes yield long-distance charge-separated radical-pair states, whose lifetimes in solution at ambient temperatures are as high as 32 mus, depending on the distance between the fullerene and zinc porphyrin chromophores. 相似文献
958.
Kocher N Leusser D Murso A Stalke D 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2004,10(15):3622-3631
The iminophosphorane Ph(2)P(CH(2)Py)(NSiMe(3)) (1) was treated with deprotonating alkali metal reagents to give [(Et(2)O)Li[Ph(2)P(CHPy)(NSiMe(3))]] (2), [[Ph(2)P(CH(2)Py)(NSiMe(3))]Li[Ph(2)P(CHPy)(NSiMe(3))]] (3) and [[Ph(2)P(CH(2)Py)(NSiMe(3))]Na[Ph(2)P(CHPy)(NSiMe(3))]] (4). We report their coordination behaviour in solid-state structures and NMR spectroscopic features in solution. Furthermore, we furnish experimental evidence against hypervalency of the phosphorus atom in iminophosphoranes from experimental charge-density studies and subsequent topological analysis. The topological properties, correlated to the results from NMR spectroscopic investigations, illustrate that the formal P=N double bond is better written as a polar P(+)--N(-) single bond. Additionally, the effects of metal coordination on the bonding parameters of the iminophosphorane and the related anion are discussed. 相似文献
959.
Guldi DM Zilbermann I Anderson G Li A Balbinot D Jux N Hatzimarinaki M Hirsch A Prato M 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2004,(6):726-727
Redox gradients have been used to tailor the arrangement of photoactive ITO-electrodes at the molecular level. 相似文献
960.