A new anti-proliferative acylated flavonol glycoside from Fuzhuan brick-tea

Fuzhuan brick-tea (FBT) is unique for a fungal fermentation stage in its manufacture process and is classified in dark tea. A new acylated flavonol glycoside, kaempferol 3-O-[E-p-coumaroyl-(→2)][α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1→3)][α-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)]-β-d-glucopyranoside, which was trivially named as camellikaempferoside A (1), was isolated from FBT along with camelliquercetiside C (2). Their structures were unambiguously elucidated by combination of spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compound 1 showed anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 and MDA–MB-231 cells with IC₅₀ values of 7.83 and 19.16 μM, respectively.     

高温气化条件下Na_2O对煤灰中矿物质演化行为的影响

利用XRD和FT-IR考察了高温弱还原气氛下Na_2O对两种硅铝含量不同的煤灰中矿物质组成的影响,揭示了Na_2O影响煤灰熔融特性的本质。通过Fact Sage计算了高温下矿物质反应的ΔG,探讨了Na_2O影响煤灰中矿物质组成的机理。结果表明,Na_2O对煤灰矿物质组成的影响与原煤灰的硅铝含量密切相关。硅铝总含量82.89%的煤灰,Na_2O含量为5%-20%时,钠长石和霞石的生成是煤灰熔融温度降低的主要原因;当Na_2O含量大于20%时,导致煤灰熔融温度降低的原因是霞石的生成。硅铝总含量47.85%的煤灰,Na_2O含量小于10%时,没有含钠矿物质生成;当Na_2O含量大于10%时,主要生成菱硅钙钠石、青金石和含钠的硅铝酸盐矿物,导致煤灰熔融温度降低。Fact Sage计算表明生成含Na矿物质反应的ΔG较小,其在高温下更容易发生。     

空心碳球负载二硫化硒复合材料作为锂离子电池正极材料

制备了一种空心碳球负载二硫化硒(SeS₂@HCS)复合材料作为锂离子电池正极材料。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线衍射(XRD)以及氮气吸脱附测试(BET)等对产物形貌、组成和结构进行了表征。实验结果显示,采用模板法结合化学聚合法可以合成形貌均一、单分散的空心碳球;其直径约为500 nm,壁厚约为30 nm。进一步采用熔融灌入法可以得到空心碳球负载二硫化硒复合材料。将所制备复合材料组装成电池进行电化学性能测试,与原始二硫化硒块体材料相比,SeS₂@HCS复合材料具有更高的初始容量(100 mA·g^-1电流密度下,初始放电容量为956 mAh·g^-1)和更长的循环寿命(100 mA·g^-1电流密度下,循环200圈),同时显示出更优异的倍率性能。研究结果表明该复合材料是一种具有应用前景的新型锂离子电池正极材料。     

超级电容器用细菌纤维素基电极材料

超级电容器由于能提供比电池更高的功率密度,比传统电容器更高的能量密度而备受关注。但目前其应用仍存在能量密度低的问题。碳材料、金属氧化物和导电聚合物是常见的三种超级电容器电极材料,而其中不同形式碳材料是电容器中研究和应用最广泛的电极材料。细菌纤维素是由细菌分泌产生的具有一定纳米级孔径分布的多孔生物材料,具有高强度和模量、高孔隙率、极好的尺寸和热稳定性的特性。以细菌纤维素为原料制备电极材料是近年来超级电容器领域的热点研究方向之一。本文以细菌纤维素基电极材料的种类、制备方法和性能为线索,综述了国内外细菌纤维素基超级电容器电极材料的研究进展,并归纳总结了电极材料最优的形态和制备方法,进一步对该类电极材料的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Synthesis of CuS@CoS2 Double‐Shelled Nanoboxes with Enhanced Sodium Storage Properties

Metal sulfides have received considerable attention for efficient sodium storage owing to their high capacity and decent redox reversibility. However, the poor rate capability and fast capacity decay greatly hinder their practical application in sodium‐ion batteries. Herein, an elegant multi‐step templating strategy has been developed to rationally synthesize hierarchical double‐shelled nanoboxes with the CoS₂ nanosheet‐constructed outer shell supported on the CuS inner shell. Their structure and composition enable these hierarchical CuS@CoS₂ nanoboxes to show boosted electrochemical properties with high capacity, outstanding rate capability, and long cycle life.     

Porphyrin Nanocage‐Embedded Single‐Molecular Nanoparticles for Cancer Nanotheranostics

Single molecular nanoparticles (SMNPs) integrating imaging and therapeutic capabilities exhibit unparalleled advantages in cancer theranostics, ranging from excellent biocompatibility, high stability, prolonged blood lifetime to abundant tumor accumulation. Herein, we synthesize a sophisticated porphyrin nanocage that is further functionalized with twelve polyethylene glycol arms to prepare SMNPs ( porSMNPs ). The porphyrin nanocage embedded in porSMNPs can be utilized as a theranostic platform. PET imaging allows dynamic observation of the bio‐distribution of porSMNPs , confirming their excellent circulation time and preferential accumulation at the tumor site, which is attributed to the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Moreover, the cage structure significantly promotes the photosensitizing effect of porSMNs by inhibiting the π–π stacking interactions of the photosensitizers, ablating of the tumors without relapse by taking advantage of photodynamic therapy.     

Synthesis,Structures, and Near‐IR Absorption of Heterole‐Fused Earring Porphyrins

A reaction sequence of regioselective peripheral bromination, Suzuki–Miyaura coupling with 2‐borylated thiophene or pyrrole, and oxidative ring‐closure with FeCl₃ allowed the synthesis of heterole‐fused earring porphyrins 4Pd and 9Pd from the parent earring porphyrin 1 . Differently pyrrole‐fused porphyrins 5H and 6H and their Pd^II complexes 5Pd and 6Pd were also synthesized. The structures of 4Pd , 5H, 6Pd , and 8Pd have been revealed by X‐ray analysis to be slightly twisted owing to constraints imposed by heterole‐fused structures. 5Pd exhibits an intensified band at 1505 nm, while 4Pd and 9Pd display small but remarkably red‐shifted absorption bands reaching around 2200 nm.     

新型高吸水聚合物凝胶型屏蔽暂堵剂MTC-1的合成及性能

以丙烯酸（AA）、丙烯酰胺（AM）、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）为原料，蒙脱土（MMT）为改性剂，过硫酸钾和无水亚硫酸氢钠为氧化还原引发体系，六亚甲基四胺（C₆H₁₂N₄）为交联剂，采用水溶液聚合法合成了一种新型高吸水聚合物凝胶型屏蔽暂堵剂（MTC 1），其结构经IR表征。在最优合成条件（AM/AMPS/AA=11/7/1, m/m/m，引发剂加量0.6 wt%，于45 ℃反应2.5 h）下，MTC-1的最大吸水倍率为1006倍。岩心流动实验结果表明：MTC-1的堵水性能较高，封堵效率达到83.72%。     

全自动QuEChERS样品制备系统结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测植物源性食品中34种农药残留

建立了全自动QuEChERS样品制备系统结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）同时检测植物源性食品中34种农药残留的分析方法。方法利用全自动QuEChERS样品制备系统涡旋振动和离心功能，将手动QuEChERS方法中样品提取和分散固相萃取相结合；优化了操作参数及前处理步骤，在多反应监测（MRM）模式下检测，基质匹配外标法定量。从方法学验证角度对全自动QuEChERS法与手动QuEChERS法进行了比较。结果表明：该方法中大多数农药在一定范围内呈现良好的线性关系，相关系数（R²）均大于0.99，检出限为0.76~3.60 μg/kg，定量限为2.28~10.80 μg/kg，加标回收率为53.0%~125.2%，相对标准偏差（RSD）<15.9%（n=5）。该方法与手动QuEChERS法的方法验证比对结果显示差异不明显，用于植物源性食品中多农药残留检测可有效降低劳动强度和出错概率。     

Synergistic improvement of fire retardancy and mechanical properties of ferrocene‐based polymer in intumescent polypropylene composite

The ferrocene‐based polymer (PDPFDE) accompanied with traditional intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system (ammonium polyphosphate (APP)/pentaerythritol (PER) = 3/1, mass ratio) has been used as additive flame retardant in polypropylene (PP), aiming to lower the total loading amount. The thermal stability and fire retardant properties were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion (UL‐94), and cone calorimetry (CONE). The fire retardant mechanism was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the PP1 with 25 wt% IFR only passed the UL‐94 V‐1 rating, but the PP6 loaded by 0.5 wt% PDPFDE and 22.5 wt% IFR possessed an LOI value of 28.5% and passed the UL‐94 V‐0 rating; the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) are decreased by 63% and 43%, respectively, compared with pure PP. In addition, the char residue of PP6 manifested a very compact and smooth surface, indicating a more effective barrier layer. Meanwhile, it was interesting that the addition of PDPFDE evidently improved the impact strength and elongation at break of PP/IFR composites.