Optimization of the abnormal Beckmann rearrangement: application to steroid 17-oximes

A novel and practical procedure was developed for the abnormal Beckmann rearrangement of steroid 17-oximes. Treatment of the 17-oximes with TFA/CH(OMe)(3) in boiling THF for 2 h gives the corresponding 13,17-seco alkene nitrile products in unprecedented high yields (70-92%). Since the alkene nitriles can be subsequently converted into 18-norsteroids, this general method provides a highly efficient route to these biologically important compounds and, by extension, to other structurally related natural products.     

Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation. A short route to the cyclopentyl core of viridenomycin

A palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation effects a dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformation of racemic isoprene monoepoxide and a surrogate for Nazarov's reagent in which a quaternary center is created with exellent ee. The resultant adduct allows easy access to a substrate for ring-closing metathesis to form a cyclopentenone and sets the stage for an 11-step synthesis of the cyclopentyl core of the antibiotic antitumor agent viridenomycin. [reaction: see text]     

Copper-catalyzed arylation of amines using diphenyl pyrrolidine-2-phosphonate as the new ligand

[Chemical reaction: See text] We have developed a general, efficient, and inexpensive catalyst system for arylation of amines by using 10 mol % of CuI as the copper source, 20 mol % of diphenyl pyrrolidine-2-phosphonate (DPP) as the ligand, K3PO4 as the base, and DMF containing 2% water (v/v) as the solvent.     

TiO2 sol-gel derived amperometric biosensor for H2O2 on the electropolymerized phenazine methosulfate modified electrode

A novel hydrogen peroxide biosensor was developed based on the immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in a TiO(2) sol-gel matrix on an electropolymerized phenazine methosulfate (PMS) modified electrode surface. Such membranes are of interest due to their high surface area, biological compatibility, and ease of fabrication. HRP entrapped in the TiO(2) matix was stable and retained its activity to a large extent. Cyclic voltammetry and amperometric measurements were employed to demonstrate the feasibility of electron transfer between immobilized HRP and the glassy carbon electrode via electropolymerized PMS. The influence of various experimental parameters such as operating potential, pH, temperature, and stability was investigated for optimum analytical performance. The biosensor provided a wide linear calibration range from 4.0x10(-6) M to 1.0x10(-3) M, with a detection limit of 8.0x10(-7) M at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The sensor retained 80% of its original activity after two months of operation.     

Perturbations in thenp 1,3 P Rydberg sequences of neutralYb probed by Zeeman-effect and lifetime measurements

Thenp P Rydberg sequence of neutral Ytterbium is strongly perturbed. These perturbations were monitored by measuring theg _J factors and lifetimes of 19 states, including both singlets and triplets as well as states from the perturbing configurations. A pulsed laser setup was used. Theg _J factors were obtained from a Zeeman quantum-beat experiment and the lifetimes by direct observation of the decay of the fluorescence light.     

An HPLC and EPR investigation on the stability of DMPO and DMPO spin adducts in vivo

Application of the spin trapping technique in intact animals requires an understanding of the stability and distribution of the spin traps and their spin adducts in vivo. We studied the stability of DMPO in vivo in mice using HPLC and the stability of spin adducts of DMPO by EPR in plasma, whole blood, peritoneal fluid, and homogenized heart tissue of the rat. At 15 minutes after intraperitoneal injection DMPO had similar concentrations in the liver, heart, and blood of the mice and 40% remained in the organs 2 hours after the injection. In contrast, the spin adduct DMPO-OH was short lived, with a half-life of 3.0 minutes in plasma, and was not detectable 1 minute after formation in whole blood and homogenized heart tissue. The carbon centered spin adduct DMPO-CH(OH)CH₃ was more stable, having half-lives of 16, 11, 3.6, and 0.79 minutes in plasma, peritoneal fluid, whole blood, and homogenized heart tissue, respectively. The spin adduct DMPO-SO₃ was sufficiently stable for the adduct to be observed directly from living mice.     

合成云母蒙脱石及其交联物在乙醇氨化反应中的催化行为

用水热法合成了云母蒙脱石,并与羟基铝齐聚物交联,DTA和IR结果表明,由于柱的引进,高温焙烧时层内八面体上羟基脱除变得较为容易。由NH_3-TPD和吡啶吸附测得的表面酸性表明Al-CLS具有较SMM更多的弱酸和强酸中心。催化剂上弱酸中心有利于醇的脱水,而吸附在强酸中心上的NH_3有利于醇的胺化。     

Strained aromatic oligoamide macrocycles as new molecular clips

Can one join both ends of a helix? A helical aromatic oligoamide was macrocyclized into a saddle-shaped bifunctional clip molecule that self-assembles into discrete circular dodecamers in the solid state and shows great potential for binding aromatic acid guests in solution. The cyclization step requires that the helix is only partly denatured in the reaction medium.     

Determination of trace amounts of molybdenum in water samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry after cobalt-dithiocarbamate coprecipitation

Summary A method for the determination of trace amounts of molybdenum in fresh water and seawater samples by sequential ICP-AES with microsampling technique after cobalt-dithiocarbamate coprecipitation was developed. The precipitate was dissolved in 100 l of diluted nitric acid (1:2), and the solution obtained was then introduced into an ICP via a concentric nebulizer. By use of 1.7 ml sample, a preconcentration factor of 17 was achieved. Different factors including integration time, sample volume, pumping rate as well as coprecipitation conditions such as pH of the solution, amounts of reagents, standing time for the precipitate and matrix effects were examined and optimized in detail. Under selected conditions the detection limit of the method for Mo is 0.52 g/l using 1.7 ml sample. The procedure was applied to the analysis of water samples (artificial water and open ocean seawater reference material) with quantitative recovery. The analytical results were in good agreement with the certified value. The method is sensitive, simple, accurate and effective, also in the presence of interfering salts and can be applied to small sample volumes.On leave from the Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072 China     

Synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic property of a new nickel selenite chloride: Ni5(SeO3)4Cl2

The new nickel selenite chloride, Ni₅(SeO₃)₄Cl₂, was obtained by high-temperature solid state reaction of NiCl₂, Ni₂O₃ and SeO₂ in a 1:2:4 molar ratio at 700 °C in an evacuated quartz tube. Its structure was established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Ni₅(SeO₃)₄Cl₂ crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P-1 (No. 2) with cell parameters of a=8.076(2), b=9.288(2), c=9.376(2) Å, α=101.97(3), β=105.60(3), γ=91.83(3)° and Z=2. All nickel(II) ions in Ni₅(SeO₃)₄Cl₂ are octahedrally coordinated by selenite oxygens or/and chloride anions (([Ni(1)O₅Cl], [Ni(2)O₄Cl₂], [Ni(3)O₅Cl], [Ni(4)O₆] and [Ni(5)O₄Cl]). The structure of the title compound features a condensed three-dimensional (3D) network built by Ni(II) ions interconnected by SeO₃²⁻ anions as well as Cl⁻ anions. Magnetic property measurements show strong antiferromagnetic interaction between nickel(II) ions.