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31.
Dimitrios A. Lamprou James R. Smith Thomas G. Nevell Eugen Barbu Corinne Stone Colin R. Willis Richard J. Ewen John Tsibouklis 《Surface science》2010,604(5-6):541-547
Self-assembled structures of alkanethiols that have been deposited on gold from ethanolic solutions are susceptible to both chemical and physical changes: ethanol provides a medium for the formation of S-alkyl hydrogen thiocarbonates and related compounds via reaction with dissolved, atmospheric, CO2. Deposition from ethanolic solutions results in multilayered structures incorporating these compounds, which at room temperature are susceptible to time-dependent structural rearrangement and molecular migration. 相似文献
32.
Starting from an abelian rigid braided monoidal category C{\mathcal{C}} we define an abelian rigid monoidal category CF{\mathcal{C}_F} which captures some aspects of perturbed conformal defects in two-dimensional conformal field theory. Namely, for V a rational vertex operator algebra we consider the charge-conjugation CFT constructed from V (the Cardy case). Then C = Rep(V){\mathcal{C} = {\rm Rep}(V)} and an object in CF{\mathcal{C}_F} corresponds to a conformal defect condition together with a direction of perturbation. We assign to each object in CF{\mathcal{C}_F} an operator on the space of states of the CFT, the perturbed defect operator, and show that the assignment factors through
the Grothendieck ring of CF{\mathcal{C}_F}. This allows one to find functional relations between perturbed defect operators. Such relations are interesting because
they contain information about the integrable structure of the CFT. 相似文献
33.
[reaction: see text] A number of Lewis acids have been evaluated as catalysts for the phosphoryl transfer, the most efficient being TiCl(4). Application of this methodology to the phosphorylation of a number of representative target alcohols is presented 相似文献
34.
We have studied spontaneous imbibition fronts generated by capillary rise between two roughened glass plates, the separation d of which varied between 10 and 50 microm. Perfect agreement with Washburn's law was obtained. We have determined the roughness exponent chi of the fronts, and found chi=0.81+/-0.01 for small length scales. Above a certain crossover length xi, it reached chi=0.58+/-0.04, as predicted by the quenched noise Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation. The crossover length is found to scale with the plate separation as sqrt[d], as predicted by recent models which properly include nonlocal dynamics effects on the front. We believe this to be the first clear identification of crossover from nonlocal to local dynamics. 相似文献
35.
Physisorption or chemisorption from dilute polymer solutions often entails irreversible polymer-surface bonding. We present a theory of the resultant nonequilibrium layers. While the density profile and loop distribution are the same as for equilibrium layers, the final layer comprises a tightly bound inner part plus an outer part whose chains make only fN surface contacts where N is chain length. The contact fractions f follow a broad distribution, P(f) approximately f(-4/5), in rather close agreement with strong physisorption experiments [H. M. Schneider, Langmuir 12, 994 (1996)]]. 相似文献
36.
Skaropoulos NC Yagridou HD Chrissoulidis DP 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》2003,113(6):3001-3011
An exact, analytical solution is developed for the problem of acoustic-wave scattering from a cluster of ideal, gaseous, spherical bubbles in an unbounded, homogeneous, host fluid. This solution takes into account all modes of oscillation of the bubbles as well as all interactions between them; it is applicable to a wide range of bubble sizes and excitation frequencies. In the low frequency regime, the theory of this paper is shown to reduce to the "monopole" approximation, the effect of higher-order modes being non-negligible only for very small bubble-to-bubble separations. A numerical study of interactive backscattering from small clusters, comprising up to three ideal bubbles, is presented. Interactions between the bubbles are shown to produce downward shifts in the resonance frequency of the cluster, when the scattering configuration is symmetric. Furthermore, asymmetries of the scattering configuration are shown to generate sharp resonances at frequencies above the resonance of the symmetric mode. The results of this paper agree with previous theoretical and experimental work. 相似文献
37.
Synthetic and biological living polymers are self-assembling chains whose chain length distributions (CLDs) are dynamic. We show these dynamics are ultrasensitive: Even a small perturbation (e.g., temperature jump) nonlinearly distorts the CLD, eliminating or massively augmenting short chains. The origin is fast relaxation of mass variables (mean chain length, monomer concentration) which perturbs CLD shape variables before these can relax via slow chain growth rate fluctuations. Viscosity relaxation predictions agree with experiments on the best-studied synthetic system, alpha-methylstyrene. 相似文献
38.
The hydrazino complex {methoxo[4-phenylbutane-2,4-dione(p-nitrobenzoyl)hydrazonato(2-)]oxovanadium(V)}, VO(p-NO2bhbzac)OCH3, (1), has been prepared by the direct reaction of bis(benzoylacetonato) oxovanadium(IV), VO(bza)2, with p-NO2-C6H4C(O)NHNH2, p-NO2bh, in CH3OH. The resulting compound contains benzoylacetone-(p-NO2)benzoyl hydrazone as tridentate Schiff base-type ligand and OCH3 group as Lewis base, both ligated to vanadium. The crystals are orthorhombic, with Z = 8, space group Pbca, a = 11.699(5) Å, b = 14.035(5) Å, c = 22.564(5) Å, R1 = 0.0756 and wR2 = 0.1302. The crystal structure demonstrated the square-pyramidal geometry of the VOoxo(ONO)O coordination sphere with the oxo ligand at the apical position. The electronic absorption spectra revealed a ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (LMCT) band in the near UV region at max = 23,700 cm–1 (B = 5640 dm3 mol–1 cm–1) in CH3CN, max = 23,420 cm–1 (B = 5550 dm3 mol–1 cm–1) in DMSO, and max near 26,950 (sh) cm–1 (B = 10,550 dm3 mol–1 cm–1) in CH2Cl2. The FT-IR spectra of (1) show the characteristic strong (V = O) stretching vibration at 993 cm–1 and support the view that the oxovanadium complex is pentacoordinated and monomeric. 相似文献
39.
Dimitrios S. Delviniotis 《Journal of voice》2013,27(5):656.e1-656.e12
40.
Dimitrios A. Lamprou Thomas G. Nevell Colin R. Willis 《Applied Surface Science》2010,256(6):1961-5087
Measurements of surface-liquid interactions (contact-angle goniometry) and tip-surface adhesion forces (atomic force microscopy) combined with infrared spectroscopic studies have been used to investigate surface-preparation and solution-deposition conditions for the reproducible formation of self-assembled molecular structures on gold-coated tips and substrates for atomic force microscopy. Preliminary data show that surface-saturated self-assembled monolayers form reproducibly on prolonged (>20 h) exposure of gold-coated glass substrates to ethanolic solutions of ω-functionalised alkanethiols in the concentration range 80-160 mmol dm−3. The data also show that exposure for 16 h to alkanethiol concentrations in the range 160-240 mmol dm−3 promote bilayer formation whereas concentrations of 240-320 mmol dm−3 result in the deposition of multilayers, the average orientation of which is parallel to that of the first molecular layer; the use of parent 1-undecanethiol solutions at concentrations of 1-80 mmol dm−3 results in incomplete monolayer coverage. 相似文献