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101.
Some dynamical properties for a problem concerning the acceleration of particles in a wave packet are studied. The model is described in terms of a two-dimensional nonlinear map obtained from a Hamiltonian which describes the motion of a relativistic standard map. The phase space is mixed in the sense that there are regular and chaotic regions coexisting. When dissipation is introduced, the property of area preservation is broken and attractors emerge. We have shown that a tiny increase of the dissipation causes a change in the phase space. A chaotic attractor as well as its basin of attraction are destroyed thereby leading the system to experience a boundary crisis. We have characterized such a boundary crisis via a collision of the chaotic attractor with the stable manifold of a saddle fixed point. Once the chaotic attractor is destroyed, a chaotic transient described by a power law with exponent −1 is observed. 相似文献
102.
Palladium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of 3,4-didehydrophenanthrene (3,4-phenanthryne) and 1,2-didehydrotriphenylene (1,2-triphenylyne) afford sterically congested polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with novel structures. 相似文献
103.
Dr. Jorge Pascual Dr. Diego Di Girolamo Marion A. Flatken Mahmoud H. Aldamasy Guixiang Li Dr. Meng Li Prof. Antonio Abate 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2022,28(12):e202103919
In 2020 dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the ever-present solvent for tin halide perovskites, was identified as an oxidant for SnII. Nonetheless, alternatives are lacking and few efforts have been devoted to replacing it. To understand this trend it is indispensable to learn the importance of DMSO on the development of tin halide perovskites. Its unique properties have allowed processing compact thin-films to be integrated into tin perovskite solar cells. Creative approaches for controlling the perovskite crystallization or increasing its stability to oxidation have been developed relying on DMSO-based inks. However, increasingly sophisticated strategies appear to lead the field to a plateau of power conversion efficiency in the range of 10–15 %. And, while DMSO-based formulations have performed in encouraging means so far, we should also start considering their potential limitations. In this concept article, we discuss the benefits and limitations of DMSO-based tin perovskite processing. 相似文献
104.
105.
Diego Pallarola Luis Domenianni Graciela Priano Fernando Battaglini 《Electroanalysis》2007,19(6):690-697
In this work, two well known polymers, carboxymethyl dextran and poly(ethyleneglycol), are used for easily producing a platform for electrochemical affinity assays, avoiding nonspecific adsorption of proteins. In this way, modified electrode surfaces able to bind a recognition agent are constructed through simple and reliable reactions. 相似文献
106.
Benitez D Tkatchouk E Yoon I Stoddart JF Goddard WA 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2008,130(45):14928-14929
Mechanically interlocked molecules (rotaxanes and catenanes) have already revolutionized molecular electronics and have the promise of a similar impact in other areas of nanotechnology, ranging from nanoactuators to in vivo drug nanocarriers. However, it would be most useful to have quantitative criteria for predicting structures, binding, and excitation energies for use in designing molecules with mechanical bonds. We assess here the use of density functional theory (DFT) to a noncovalently bound complex and find that no density functional is fully satisfactory. However, we find that the new M06-suite of density functionals, which include attractive medium-range interactions, leads to dramatic improvements in the structures (error of 0.04 A in the interplanar distances for M06-L compared to 0.42 A for B3LYP) and excitation energies (within 0.08 eV for TD-M06-HF without empirical correction compared to 2.2 eV error for TD-B3LYP). However, M06 predicts the complex to be too strongly bound by 22.6 kcal mol(-1) (B3LYP leads to too weak a bond by 29 kcal mol(-1)), while current empirical FF DREIDING is too weakly bound by only 15 kcal mol(-1). 相似文献
107.
Serena Coiai Elisa Passaglia Francesco Ciardelli Diego Tirelli Franco Peruzzotti Emiliano Resmini 《Macromolecular Symposia》2006,234(1):193-202
The synthesis of polystyrene chains covalently bound to the surface of cross-linked rubber particles from recycled tires (ground tire rubber, GTR) was investigated via free radical polymerization in situ by using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) and dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiators. Indeed, the graft polymerization provides a significant route to modify the physical and chemical properties of these particles allowing to improve their compatibility with other polymers. Polymerization reactions were carried out in bulk by changing the styrene/GTR ratio as well as the amount of free radical initiator. Appreciable amounts of polystyrene (PS) were grafted on GTR when BPO was used as confirmed by particle characterizations. 相似文献
108.
109.
Karla Calfumán María Jesus Aguirre Diego Villagra Claudia Yañez Carmen Arévalo Betty Matsuhiro Leonora Mendoza Mauricio Isaacs 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2010,14(6):1065-1072
In this work, the modification of a glassy carbon electrode with tetraruthenated porphyrins electrostatically assembled onto
a Nafion film, previously adsorbed on the electrode surface, is reported. This modified electrode was characterized by scanning
electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray, Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroelectrochemistry, and cyclic voltammetry. The
Nafion film onto the glassy carbon electrode shows a smooth disposition; when the tetraruthenated porphyrin is incorporated
on the Nafion film, the complex is adsorbed in a homogeneous way. The modified electrode catalyzes HSO3− oxidation in water–ethanol solutions and shows an enhanced stability compared with the electrode modified with the dip coating
method. Rotating disk electrode experiments showed a kinetic limitation to the electron transfer controlled by charge propagation
in the film. I/E curves show a Tafel slope of 120 mV/decade corresponding to a first electron-transfer reaction, depending on the potential,
as the determining step. Spectroelectrochemical experiments demonstrated that Ru(II) is the active site for the electrocatalysis. 相似文献
110.