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51.
Anwar M Bailey JH Dickinson LC Edwards HJ Goswami R Moloney MG 《Organic & biomolecular chemistry》2003,1(13):2364-2376
Alkylation reactions using alpha-halolactams or lactam enolates derived from bicyclic lactam templates can proceed with high endo- or exo- diastereoselectivity respectively. In the latter case, stereochemical correction by means of enolate generation and hindered phenol quench is possible with moderate efficiency. This protocol has been applied to the synthesis of protected penmacric acid and its analogues. 相似文献
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Nikolay V. Shabanov D. Huang R.E. Dickinson 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》2007,107(2):236-262
Modeling of the radiation regime of a mixture of vegetation species is a fundamental problem of the Earth's land remote sensing and climate applications. The major existing approaches, including the linear mixture model and the turbid medium (TM) mixture radiative transfer model, provide only an approximate solution to this problem. In this study, we developed the stochastic mixture radiative transfer (SMRT) model, a mathematically exact tool to evaluate radiation regime in a natural canopy with spatially varying optical properties, that is, canopy, which exhibits a structured mixture of vegetation species and gaps. The model solves for the radiation quantities, direct input to the remote sensing/climate applications: mean radiation fluxes over whole mixture and over individual species. The canopy structure is parameterized in the SMRT model in terms of two stochastic moments: the probability of finding species and the conditional pair-correlation of species. The second moment is responsible for the 3D radiation effects, namely, radiation streaming through gaps without interaction with vegetation and variation of the radiation fluxes between different species. We performed analytical and numerical analysis of the radiation effects, simulated with the SMRT model for the three cases of canopy structure: (a) non-ordered mixture of species and gaps (TM); (b) ordered mixture of species without gaps; and (c) ordered mixture of species with gaps. The analysis indicates that the variation of radiation fluxes between different species is proportional to the variation of species optical properties (leaf albedo, density of foliage, etc.) Gaps introduce significant disturbance to the radiation regime in the canopy as their optical properties constitute major contrast to those of any vegetation species. The SMRT model resolves deficiencies of the major existing mixture models: ignorance of species radiation coupling via multiple scattering of photons (the linear mixture model) or overestimation of this coupling due to neglecting spatial clumping of species (the TM approach). Thus, based on the former experience with mixture modeling, this study establishes an advanced theoretical basis for future mixture applications. 相似文献
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J. Heitz E. Arenholz J.T. Dickinson 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1999,69(7):S467-S470
KrF-laser ablation of pressed polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) targets is accompanied by the ejection of submicron- to micron-sized particles. Collected ejecta consist of four basic particle morphologies ranging from small particles 50-200 nm in diameter to larger particles ~10 7m in diameter. Many particles carry electric charge as measured by using charged electrodes and by the Millikan technique. Thin PTFE films deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) from the same targets onto heated Si substrates are highly crystalline and show only a minor but detectable increase of defects compared with the target material. The transferred particulates mainly consist of long PTFE molecule chains. The low molecular weight material that is also transferred to the substrate mainly either links with other low molecular weight material or evaporates during deposition. 相似文献
54.
研究了(Fe1-xWx)84.5B15.5(x=0—0.1)非晶态合金的电阻率ρ与温度T(4.2—300K)的关系。实验结果表明,在所研究浓度区域内均出现电阻率与温度关系的极小值,电阻率极小值的温度Tmin在x=0.06时出现峰值。用x=0.02—0.1浓度区域内,当Tmin时,又出现了电阻率与温度关系的极大值,电阻率极大值的温度Tmax在26—35K之间。低温电阻率反常现象与类Kondo效应及局域磁矩之间RKKY相互作用有关。
关键词: 相似文献
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ZnCl_2溶液中微波辅助SnCl_4催化纤维素制备5-HMF 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ZnCl溶液中微波辅助SnCl催化纤维素制备-HMF 《燃料化学学报》2017,45(3):317-322
将纤维素溶解在ZnCl_2溶液中,以SnCl_4为催化剂,微波下使纤维素降解成5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)。实验考察了微波功率、纤维素的质量、ZnCl_2溶液浓度、反应时间及催化剂与纤维素物质的量比等对5-HMF产率的影响。结果表明,以SnCl_4为催化剂,在优化条件:1.0 g纤维素溶解在100 m L 70%ZnCl_2溶液中,微波功率为420 W,降解反应9 min,SnCl_4与纤维素物质的量比2∶1下,5-HMF的产率达到39.4%。 相似文献
57.
1,10-邻菲咯啉-铜(Ⅱ)-L-丝氨酸/L-酪氨酸配合物的合成、SOD活性及电化学性质 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成了两个新的配合物:[Cu(Phen)(L-Ser)(H2O)]Cl(1)和[Cu(Phen)(L-Tyr)(H2O)]Cl.2H2O(2)(Phen=1,10-邻菲咯啉、L-Ser=L-丝氨酸、-LTyr=L-酪氨酸).用元素分析、摩尔电导率、红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱对配合物进行了表征.分别采用NBT光还原法和循环伏安法测定了配合物的SOD活性及电化学性质.结果表明,这些配合物具有较高的SOD活性,配合物1、2催化O2-.歧化分解速率常数KQ值分别为3.16×107和1.54×107mol-1.L.s-1. 相似文献
58.
Lei Xiao Edmund J. F. Dickinson Gregory G. Wildgoose Richard G. Compton 《Electroanalysis》2010,22(3):269-276
We report the comparison of electron transfer kinetic parameters of the ferrocene redox couple in both acetonitrile and in room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidiazonium hexafluorophosphate ([C4mim] [PF6]), using edge plane pyrolytic graphite (EPPG), basal plane pyrolytic graphite (BPPG) and glassy carbon (GC) electrodes. Each electrode surface was characterized using SEM and AFM and the surface morphology was analyzed in terms of surface heterogeneity including the distribution of edge plane defects. The experimental data were modeled using both one and two dimensional simulations to correlate the electron transfer parameters obtained with the different surface structure of each electrode. Furthermore, we show that the diffusion domain approximation (commonly used to accurately simulate electron transfer kinetics at graphitic surfaces) breaks down when a BPPG electrode is used in RTIL and demonstrate the near impossibility of assigning rate constant to the basal plane surface. 相似文献
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