Markarian 8星系的包层辐射

使用美国甚大天线阵(VLA).对Markarian 8星系进行了多频观测.多频VLA观测表明,Markarian 8星系有三个主要的射电子成份,它们浸在一个弥漫的星系包层中.包层的射电谱是陡的非热谱.本文根据VLA观测确定了包层的物理参量,并讨论了包层中相对论性电子的可能起因.本文估计了包层非热辐射所要求的超新星爆发率.     

Dielectrophoretically aligned GaN nanowire rectifiers

We demonstrate GaN nanowire (NW) current rectifiers which were formed by assembling n-GaN nanowires on a patterned p-Si substrate by means of alternating current (ac) dielectrophoresis. The dielectrophoresis was accomplished at a frequency of 10 kHz with three different ac bias voltages (5, 10, and 15 V_p–p), indicating that the number of aligned GaN nanowires increased with increasing ac bias voltage. The n-GaN NW/p-Si diodes showed well-defined current rectifying behavior with a forward voltage drop of 1.2–1.5 V at a current density of 200 A/cm². We observed that the GaN NW diode functioned well as a half-wave rectifier. PACS 71.20.Nr; 73.40.Cg; 73.40.Ei; 73.40.Kp     

Growth of InAs nanostructures on InP using atomic-force nanolithography

Atomic-force nanolithography was used to control the nucleation sites of InAs nanostructures on InP substrates. Indentations with a wide range of dimensions were produced on InP. InAs nanostructures were selectively grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. It is shown that the number of active nucleation sites depends on the normal force applied during nanoindentation. Crystalline defects introduced by nanoindentation are shown to be nucleation sites for these nanostructures. The presence of screw dislocations within the grown nanostructures further supports this observation. PACS 81.07.-b; 68.37.Ps; 81.16.Nd     

The photon two-point function in unitary approximation

The photon two-point function is calculated using the exponential representation for the time-evolution operator taking into account terms up to second order ine in the exponent. The limiting case of vanishing electron mass is examined and it is shown that mass singularities cancel by means of unitarity. Near mass shell the causal Green function exhibits in the limit of vanishing electron mass the expected cut behaviour, off mass shell we recover the result of the usual perturbation theory.     

The solution of a convection–diffusion–reaction equation arising from cathodic reduction in a pulsating crack

This paper derives the convection–diffusion-reaction equation governing the reaction between the dissolved oxygen in sea-water and the steel walls of a pulsating crack. By the neglect of the diffusion term it is shown that an exact solution of the convection-reaction equation can be obtained. A numerical method for the solution of the complete convection–diffusion-reaction equation is derived by the use of finite differences. The numerical computation of the initial transient and the final periodic steady-state values is also discussed.     

Molecular crystal structure and chemical properties of 4-phenyl-3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,2,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydropyridine

The molecular crystal structure of 4-phenyl-3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,2,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydropyridine has been investigated by x-ray structural analysis. The three-dimensional structural properties of the molecule have been compared against the large observed reactivity of the 3-ethoxycarbonyl group with respect to nucleophilic substitution reactions.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 9, pp. 1236–1239, September, 1991.     

Synthesis of an asymmetric fullerene dimer via sequential cycloadditions

A single isomer of a monofunctionalised C₇₀ fullerene is isolated and characterised using variable temperature NMR spectroscopy. Pendant methylene bromide groups allow for further cycloaddition reactions and a C₆₀-C₇₀ asymmetric fullerene dimer is thus prepared.     

A six-step synthesis of (S)-5-ethenyl-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine (SIB-1508Y) from (S)-nicotine

The anti-Parkinson’s agent SIB-1508Y was prepared in six steps from (S)-nicotine in 20% overall yield. The strategy involves a regioselective formylation at C-5 of a 1,4-dihydronicotine intermediate.