The selection of tractor and its matching implements has now become very difficult in India because of availability of variety of tractor models ranging from 10 to 45 kW. To overcome the problem of matching of tractor-implement system, an expert system modelling approach leading to decision support system (DSS) was adopted to make the step wise decision. The application of DSS was demonstrated in the paper to select either an implement to match the tractor or to select a tractor to match the implement under different soil and operating conditions. The DSS leading to computer software developed in Visual Basic™ programming provided the intuitive user interfaces by linking databases such as specifications of tractors and implements, tractor performance data, soil and operating conditions, to support the decision on selection of tractor-implement system. The programme calculates working width of implement based on input data for the most critical field operation and helps in selection of a suitable implement having width nearer to the calculated value among the commercially available implements. The software calculates the required drawbar power of the tractor based on draft and working speed of the selected implement. Finally, the PTO power requirement of a tractor is calculated by the software. Based on calculated PTO power, the software suggests available makes and models of tractor/machinery from the compiled data bank. The developed DSS was tested with a case study to demonstrate the flexibility of the software. The DSS can be used effectively in selection of a tractor or an implement of particular size from various makes and models of commercially available tractors and implements. 相似文献
Two novel Schiff bases, 4,4′-methylenedianilidene-bis(3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde) (L1) and 4,4′-methylenedianilidene-bis(3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde) (L2), have been prepared by condensing 4,4′-methylenedianiline (MDA) with vanillin and 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (DMB) respectively
in ethanolic medium. Metal complexes of the above Schiff bases are prepared from salts of Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II) and VO(IV).
They are characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic moment measurements, IR, 1H NMR, UV-Vis., FAB Mass, and EPR spectra. The elemental analysis data exhibit the formation of 1: 1 [M: L] ratio. The mode
of bonding and the geometry of the complexes have been confirmed on the basis of IR, UV-Vis. and magnetic moment measurements.
These data reveal a square-planar geometry for all the complexes except VO(IV) which has square-pyramidal geometry. The molar
conductance measurements of the Schiff base complexes reveal the existence of non-electrolytic nature. The interactions of
complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) have been investigated by electronic absorption spectroscopy, viscosity measurements
and cyclic voltammetry. The results indicate that the complex can bind to DNA by intercalation modes. The Schiff bases and
their metal complexes have been evaluated for their antifungal and antibacterial activities against different species of pathogenic
fungi and bacteria and their results are compared with standard drugs. 相似文献
The synthetically accessible borohydride complexes (C(5)Me(4)H)(2)Ln(THF)(BH(4)) and (C(5)Me(5))(2)Ln(THF)(BH(4)) (Ln = Sc, Y) were examined as precursors alternative to the heavily-used tetraphenylborate analogs, [(C(5)Me(4)H)(2)Ln][BPh(4)] and [(C(5)Me(5))(2)Ln][BPh(4)], employed in LnA(2)A'/M reduction reactions (A = anion; M = alkali metal) that generate "LnA(2)" reactivity and form reduced dinitrogen complexes [(C(5)R(5))(2)(THF)(x)Ln](2)(μ-η(2):η(2)-N(2)) (x = 0, 1). The crystal structures of the yttrium borohydrides, (C(5)Me(4)H)(2)Y(THF)(μ-H)(3)BH, 1, and (C(5)Me(5))(2)Y(THF)(μ-H)(2)BH(2), 2, were determined for comparison with those of the yttrium tetraphenylborates, [(C(5)Me(4)H)(2)Y][(μ-Ph)(2)BPh(2)], 3, and [(C(5)Me(5))(2)Y][(μ-Ph)(2)BPh(2)], 4. The complex (C(5)Me(4)H)(2)Sc(μ-H)(2)BH(2), 5, was synthesized and structurally characterized for comparison with (C(5)Me(5))(2)Sc(μ-H)(2)BH(2), 6, [(C(5)Me(4)H)(2)Sc][(μ-Ph)BPh(3)], 7, and [(C(5)Me(5))(2)Sc][(μ-Ph)BPh(3)], 8. Structural information was also obtained on the borohydride derivatives, (C(5)Me(4)H)(2)Sc(μ-H)(2)BC(8)H(14), 9, and (C(5)Me(5))(2)Sc(μ-H)(2)BC(8)H(14), 10, obtained from 9-borabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane (9-BBN) and (C(5)Me(4)R)(2)Sc(η(3)-C(3)H(5)), where R = H, 11; Me, 12. The preference of the metals for borohydride over tetraphenylborate binding was shown by the facile displacement of (BPh(4))(1-) in 3, 4, 7, and 8 by (BH(4))(1-) to make the respective borohydride complexes 1, 2, 5, and 6. These results are consistent with the fact that the borohydrides are not as useful as precursors in A(2)LnA'/M reductions of N(2). An unusual structural isomer of [(C(5)Me(4)H)(2)Sc](2)(μ-η(2):η(2)-N(2)), 13', was isolated from this study that shows the variations in ligand orientation that can occur in the solid state. 相似文献
Hierarchical structured Co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles are prepared by a low temperature hydrothermal process. The structural and surface morphologies of the SnO2 and Sn1?xCoxO2 nanoparticles are studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Sn1?xCoxO2 nanoparticles form with a tetragonal rutile structure during the hydrothermal process without further calcination. The pseudocapacitance behavior of the Sn1?xCoxO2 nanoparticles is characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 1.0 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The specific capacitance (SC) is found to increase with an increase in cobalt content. A maximum SC of 840 F g?1 is obtained for a Sn0.96Co0.04O2 composite at a 10 mV s?1 scan rate. 相似文献
Long chain monoamide extractants, N,N-di-decyloctanamide(DDOA), N,N-di-hexyldecanamide(DHDA), N,N-di-2-ethylhexyloctanamide(D2EHOA) and N,N-dihexyl-2-ethylhexanamide(DH2EHA) were synthesized and studied for the recovery of U(VI), Pu(IV) and Zr(IV) from a simulated dissolver solution of un-irradiated U–Zr metallic fuel. The results were compared with the results of N,N-dihexyloctanamide(DHOA) and tri-n-butylphosphate(TBP) under similar conditions. Solvent extraction studies were carried out for comparing the extraction behavior of U(VI), Pu(IV) and Zr(IV) in monoamide extractants with TBP system. The influence of length and branching of alkyl chains on either side of the amidic group on the extraction efficiency, third phase behaviour and metal ion selectivity in long chain monoamides has been discussed based on the results of above studies.
Quantum dots (QDs) and magnetic nanoparticles (MPs) are of interest for biological imaging, drug targeting, and bioconjugation because of their unique optoelectronic and magnetic properties, respectively. To provide for water solubility and biocompatibility, QDs and MPs were encapsulated within a silica shell using a reverse microemulsion synthesis. The resulting SiO2/MP-QD nanocomposite particles present a unique combination of magnetic and optical properties. Their nonporous silica shell allows them to be surface modified for bioconjugation in various biomedical applications. 相似文献