Synthesis of 4-amino-5-H-2,3-dihydroisothiazole-1,1-dioxide ring systems on sugar templates via carbanion-mediated sulfonamide intramolecular cyclization reactions (CSIC protocols) of glyco-alpha-sulfonamidonitriles

The carbanion-mediated sulfonate intramolecular cyclizations (CSIC protocols) of glyco-alpha-sulfonamidonitriles derived from readily available monosaccharides have been extensively investigated using potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, n-BuLi, and LDA as bases. As a result, a series of enantiomerically pure spiro(4-amino-5-H-2,3-dihydroisothiazole-1,1-dioxide) derivatives have been prepared efficiently and isolated in good yield. The synthesis of these new bicyclic systems is key to accessing a novel range of aza analogues of TSAO nucleosides (ATSAOs).     

Direct detection of oxygen intermediates in the non-heme Fe enzyme taurine/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase

The reaction of substrate-bound taurine/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase with O2 has been studied using cryogenic continuous-flow spectroscopy. Transient absorption spectra acquired at -38 degrees C show an exponential decay of a 318-nm chromophore with an apparent rate of 1.3 s-1. The observed optical changes and their kinetics are consistent with the profile of an Fe(IV) species detected recently by M?ssbauer spectroscopy (Price et al., Biochemistry 2003, 42, 7497-7508). Resonance Raman measurement upon excitation at 363.7 nm reveal at least two oxygen isotope-sensitive vibrations at 821/787 cm-1 and 583/555 cm-1 for 16O and 18O derivatives, respectively. An additional mode is likely to be obscured by an ethylene glycol vibration at 865 cm-1 and/or 1089 cm-1. The 821 cm-1 vibration is assigned to the stretching mode of Fe(IV)=O species on the basis of its frequency and isotopic shift amplitude. The 583 cm-1 band is likely to originate from an Fe-O2 precursor of the Fe(IV)=O species, although its structural details are unclear at present.     

Extension of the tandem conjugate addition-Dieckmann condensation: the formal synthesis of tetracenomycin A2

Tandem cuprate addition-Dieckmann condensation is featured in the construction of the polyketide metabolite tetracenomycin A(2). Thus, cyclization substrate 11 was treated with Gilman cuprate Me(2)CuLi to afford anthracene 12. The phenolic acetate protecting group of 12ensured its chemoselective oxidation to reveal terminal quinone 13, which intercepts the previously reported synthesis of tetracenomycin A(2).     

Investigation of hydroxyl-mediated spectral interference from easily ionized elements in laser-enhanced ionization spectrometry in the 281–285 nm range

The spectral background from 281 to 285 nm in the laser-enhanced ionization (LEI) spectrum of aqueous samples containing easily ionized elements (EIE) at concentrations similar to those found in blood was investigated. A complex, structured spectral background was observed, which appears in the presence of Na or K, but does not match the spectral signature of either element. The same behavior was also observed for Li. It was established that this background originates from an energy transfer between laser-excited hydroxyl (OH) molecules and ground-state EIEs. The intensity of this spectral feature was found to increase with EIE concentration and applied electrode voltage. This unexpected source of spectral interference may complicate the determination of trace metals by LEI in the presence of EIEs, since it can not be prevented by simply avoiding interference from atomic lines.     

A hydrogen pump: Transfer of four hydrogens from a cyclohexane ring to a triple bond during a menthofuran/bromoacetylene adduct rearrangement

The cycloadducts of menthofuran with acylbromoacetylenes, (3-bromo-1,6-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-2,4a-epoxynaphthalen-4-yl)(aryl)methanones, rearrange (CHCl₃, reflux, 1 h) to 2-(2-acylethyl)benzofurans (along with the expected 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-4,7-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene-1-yl)(aryl)methanones) via 2-acylethynylmenthofurans, thus indicating the exceptionally mild and rapid transfer of four hydrogens from a cyclohexane ring to a triple bond through the furan moiety in the key intermediate 2-acylethynylmenthofuran.     

Synthesis of symmetric 1,4-diamino-2-butynes via a Cu(I)-catalyzed one-pot A3-coupling/decarboxylative coupling of a propiolic acid, an aldehyde, and an amine

A novel microwave-assisted approach for the one-pot Cu(I)-catalyzed A(3)-coupling/decarboxylative coupling (PA(2)-coupling) of a propiolic acid, an aldehyde, and an amine, resulting in the formation of diversely substituted 1,4-diamino-2-butynes,is described. It is noteworthy that this new multicomponent coupling provides an efficient access to introduce alkyl and aryl group at the 1,4-position of the 1,4-diamino-2-butynes.     

Boroalkyl group migration provides a versatile entry into α-aminoboronic acid derivatives

A reaction exemplifying migration of boron-substituted carbon is described. We show that α-boroalkyl groups of transient boroalkyl acyl azide intermediates readily migrate from carbon to nitrogen. This process allows access to a new class of stable molecules, α-boryl isocyanates, from α-borylcarboxylic acid precursors. The methodology facilitates synthesis of a wide range of α-aminoboronic acid derivatives, including α,α-disubstituted analogues.     

Explicitly correlated second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory employing pseudospectral numerical quadratures

We implemented explicitly correlated second-order M?ller-Plesset perturbation theory with numerical quadratures using pseudospectral construction of grids. Introduction of pseudospectral approach for the calculation of many-electron integrals gives a possibility to use coarse grids without significant loss of precision in correlation energies, while the number of points in the grid is reduced about nine times. The use of complementary auxiliary basis sets as the sets of dealiasing functions is justified at both theoretical and computational levels. Benchmark calculations for a set of 16 molecules have shown the possibility to keep an error of second-order correlation energies within 1 milihartree (mH) with respect to MP2-F12 method with dense grids. Numerical tests for a set of 13 isogyric reactions are also performed.     

Resveratrol still has something to say about aging!

A votre Santé! The mechanism by which resveratrol, a hydroxystilbenoid polyphenol found in grapes and present in wine, exerts antiaging metabolic benefits has been uncovered. Chung and co-workers have found that it works by inhibiting cAMP phosphodiesterases, thus triggering a signaling cascade that leads to the possible activation of the mammalian enzyme sirtuin?1.