13 μs,200 ns和2 ns脉冲电场对酵母菌杀灭效果分析

研究了脉冲宽度对高压脉冲下细胞膜和细胞器膜跨膜电压的影响及细胞膜能量的变化,以及13 s,200 ns和2 ns脉冲对酿酒酵母（CICC31180）杀灭作用时脉冲数的影响。结果表明,随着脉冲数增加,13 s,200 ns和2 ns脉冲对啤酒酵母的灭杀效果均增强。在13 s脉宽,14 kV电压和50个脉冲数下,酵母达到最小存活率-4.3个对数;在200 ns脉宽,40 kV电压和500个脉冲数下,酵母达到存活率-2.6个对数;在2 ns脉宽,200 kV电压和500个脉冲数下,酵母达到存活率-2.8个对数。三种脉冲对酵母菌杀灭的存活率对数与脉冲数的关系表现不是线性的,脉冲数增加到一定程度,存活率下降变缓。在同等灭杀效果-2.0个对数下,2 ns脉冲比13 s脉冲在同轴电极中损耗的能量更少。     

铜活化法诊断神光Ⅲ主机装置氘氚中子产额

介绍了铜活化诊断氘氚中子产额的测量原理,分析了62Cu和64Cu两种活化核素在符合测量中的贡献。针对不同范围内的中子产额测量,提出了系统灵敏度相对标定法和64Cu活化核标定法。通过添加中子屏蔽锥测量了标定场所散射中子影响。计算评估了63Cu(n,)64Cu反应过程对活化测量的影响。在神光Ⅲ主机装置上,利用该系统测量了直接驱动氘氚中子产额。实验结果表明：氘氚中子产额在109~1013范围采用相对标定方法较为合适,64Cu活化核的标定方法适用于1012~1016范围内产额测量。标定场所散射中子对灵敏度标定因子影响约0.4%。63Cu俘获辐射反应在64Cu活化核标定中贡献小于1%。目前神光Ⅲ主机装置直接驱动氘氚中子产额约81012。     

一种双路矢量合成式毫米波预失真线性化器

针对目前行波管放大器模拟预失真技术中存在的幅度和相位特性关联性强的问题,提出一种双路矢量合成式预失真器。该预失真器由90电桥、模拟电调衰减器和反射式二极管预失真电路构成。根据理论分析和ADS软件仿真结果加工了实际电路并进行测试。实测结果表明：在工作频率29～31 GHz和额定输入功率区间内,该电路可实现与行波管特性相反的预失真性能;合理调整两支路偏置电压,可实现相位扩张改变30,而增益扩张变化量小于1 dB的性能,有效减小了模拟预失真器幅度和相位特性的关联性。     

金-石墨烯修饰电极电化学检测塑料瓶中双酚A

在离子液体碳糊电极(CILE)表面上采用一步电还原法制备了纳米金(nAu)-石墨烯(GR)复合膜修饰电极(nAu-GR/CILE).研究了双酚A(BPA)在nAu-GR/CILE上的电化学行为,BPA的电极反应过程为受吸附控制的不可逆过程;采用示差脉冲伏安法研究了BPA氧化峰电流和浓度之间的关系,在0.08～400.0...     

Surface-assembled highly flexible Na_3(VOPO_4)_2F nanocube cathode for high-rate binder-free Na-ion batteries

Flexible Na-ion storage cathodes are still very few due to the challenge in achieving both reliable mechanical flexibility and excellent electrochemical performances.Herein,a new type of flexible Na_3(VOPO_4)_2F cathode with nanocubes tightly assembled on carbon cloth is fabricated by a facile solvothe rmal method for the first time.The cathode is able to exhibit superior rate capability and stable cycling performa nce up to 1000 cycles,due to the surface-assembling of crystalline nanocubes on carbon fibers.In addition,it shows good mechanical flexibility,nearly no capacity decay is observed after continuous bending of 500 times.With this novel cathode and a directly-grown Na_2Ti_2O_5 anode,a fully binde r-free Na-ion battery is assembled.It can deliver a high wo rking voltage and increased gravimetric energy/power densities(maximum values:220.2 Wh/kg;5674,7 W/kg),and can power a LED indicator at bending angles fro m 0° to 180°.     

无焰燃烧烟密度标准物质的研制

介绍无焰燃烧烟密度标准物质的研制方法。选用合适的α-纤维素作为原材料,经打浆造纸后,作为标准物质候选物,经均匀性检验和稳定性考察合格后,对标准物质进行定值。在无焰燃烧条件下烟密度标准物质的标准值为175,扩展不确定度为8;校正烟密度标准物质的标准值为166,扩展不确定度为8。     

Thermal Catalytic-Cracking Low-Density Polyethylene Waste by Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer NaA Microsphere

Metakaolin-based geopolymer microspheres (MGM) with hierarchical pore structures were prepared by suspension dispersion method in dimethicone at 80 °C. The hydrothermal modification of MGM was carried out at a lower temperature of 80 °C, and a NaA molecular sieve converted from metakaolin-based geopolymer (NMGM) with good crystal structure was prepared and applied in thermal catalytic cracking of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) reaction. The one-pot two-stage thermal catalytic cracking of LDPE was carried out in a 100 mL micro-autoclave under normal pressure. In this work, the optimal proportions and optimal reaction conditions of catalysts for NMGM thermal catalytic cracking of LDPE waste to fuel oil were investigated. The NMGM catalyst showed high selectivity to the liquid product of thermal catalytic cracking of waste LDPE. Under the reaction conditions of reaction time of 1 h and reaction temperature of 400 °C, the liquid-phase yield of thermal catalytic cracking of LDPE reached a high of 88.45%, of which the content of gasoline components was 10.14% and the content of diesel components was 80.97%.     

(3,3,1,1)层次B样条与分级T网格上多项式样条的相互转换

1引言 B样条在计算机图形学和几何建模等领域有着广泛的应用[3,8].在应用过程中,通常都需要对得到的模型进行修改以到达更好的效果.对于B样条曲线,利用节点插入算法可以有效地进行局部修改.     

Strategies for Improving the Catalytic Performance of 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Evolution Reactions

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been deemed as clean and sustainable strategies to solve the energy crisis and environmental problems. Various catalysts have been developed to promote the process of HER and OER. Among them, two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) have received great attention due to their diverse and designable structure. In this minireview, we mainly summarize the diverse linkages of 2D COFs and strategies for enhancing the catalytic performance of 2D COFs for HER and OER, such as introducing active building blocks, metal ions and tailored linkages. Furthermore, a brief outlook for the development directions of COFs in the field of HER and OER is provided, expecting to stimulate new opportunities in future research.     

Detection of individual insulating entities by electrochemical blocking

Electrochemical blocking is a type of single-entity electrochemical measurement particularly well adapted to the detection of insulating particles. The digital detection of ultralow concentrations of artificial entities such as polymer particles or biotargets such as proteins and bacteria represents an exceptional opportunity for sensing applications. In this review, we explore the latest development in the field of electrochemical blocking and propose some perspectives.