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41.
Da Silva P Eyraud V Carre-Pierrat M Sivignon C Rahioui I Royer C Gressent F 《BMC chemical biology》2012,12(1):3-9
Background
Because of the increasingly concern of consumers and public policy about problems for environment and for public health due to chemical pesticides, the search for molecules more safe is currently of great importance. Particularly, plants are able to fight the pathogens as insects, bacteria or fungi; so that plants could represent a valuable source of new molecules.Results
It was observed that Medicago truncatula seed flour displayed a strong toxic activity towards the adults of the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera), a major pest of stored cereals. The molecule responsible for toxicity was purified, by solvent extraction and HPLC, and identified as a saponin, namely 3-GlcA-28-AraRhaxyl-medicagenate. Saponins are detergents, and the CMC of this molecule was found to be 0.65?mg per mL. Neither the worm Caenorhabditis elegans nor the bacteria E. coli were found to be sensitive to this saponin, but growth of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae was inhibited at concentrations higher than 100???g per mL. The purified molecule is toxic for the adults of the rice weevils at concentrations down to 100???g per g of food, but this does not apply to the others insects tested, including the coleopteran Tribolium castaneum and the Sf9 insect cultured cells.Conclusions
This specificity for the weevil led us to investigate this saponin potential for pest control and to propose the hypothesis that this saponin has a specific mode of action, rather than acting via its non-specific detergent properties. 相似文献42.
Gómez-Graña S Hubert F Testard F Guerrero-Martínez A Grillo I Liz-Marzán LM Spalla O 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2012,28(2):1453-1459
Gold nanorods in aqueous solution are generally surrounded by surfactants or capping agents. This is crucial for anisotropic growth during synthesis and for their final stability in solution. When CTAB is used, a bilayer has been evidenced from analytical methods even though no direct morphological characterization of the precise thickness and compactness has been reported. The type of surfactant layer is also relevant to understand the marked difference in further self-assembling properties of gold nanorods as experienced using 16-EO(1)-16 gemini surfactant instead of CTAB. To obtain a direct measure of the thickness of the surfactant layer on gold nanorods synthesized by the seeded growth method, we coupled TEM, SAXS, and SANS experiments for the two different cases, CTAB and gemini 16-EO(1)-16. Despite the strong residual signal from micelles in excess, it can be concluded that the thickness is imposed by the chain length of the surfactant and corresponds to a bilayer with partial interdigitation. 相似文献
43.
Viaud P Coeffard V Thobie-Gautier C Beaudet I Galland N Quintard JP Le Grognec E 《Organic letters》2012,14(3):942-945
The electrochemical reduction of sensitive sulfonamides is described. The addition of a benzoyl group on the nitrogen atom facilitates the reductive cleavage of sulfonamides preventing β-fragmentation and epimerization. This strategy was successfully applied to the cyclopropylamine and to α-amino stannanes. 相似文献
44.
The reaction of chloroacetyl chloride and triethylamine with a chiral imine derived from the combination of methyl glyoxylate and protected L-threonine gave two optically active α-amino acid derivatives with a cis-substituted β-lactam skeleton in a 72:28 ratio. The major product is obtained in 59% yield by simple crystallisation. 相似文献
45.
Chabre YM Brisebois PP Abbassi L Kerr SC Fahy JV Marcotte I Roy R 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2011,76(2):724-727
Original glycodendrimers emanating from propargylated hexaphenylbenzene cores and containing up to 54 peripheral sugar ligands have been synthesized by Cu(I)-catalyzed [1,3]-dipolar cycloadditions using both convergent and divergent approaches. 相似文献
46.
Chiono V Sartori S Rechichi A Tonda-Turo C Vozzi G Vozzi F D'Acunto M Salvadori C Dini F Barsotti G Carlucci F Burchielli S Nicolino S Audisio C Perroteau I Giusti P Ciardelli G 《Macromolecular bioscience》2011,11(2):245-256
A biocompatible and elastomeric PU was synthesized from low-molecular-weight PCL as macrodiol, CMD as chain extender and HDI as chain linker for applications in the field of peripheral nerve repair. PU cast films supported in vitro attachment and proliferation of NOBEC. The in vitro adhesion and proliferation of S5Y5 neuroblastoma cells on the inner surface of uncoated, gelatin- and PL-coated PU guides were compared. Due to their superior in vitro performance, PL-coated PU guides were tested in vivo for the repair of 1.8 cm-long defects in rat sciatic nerves. The progressive regeneration was confirmed by EMG and histological analysis showing the presence of regenerating fibers in the distal stumps. 相似文献
47.
Sénéchal K Maury O Le Bozec H Ledoux I Zyss J 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2002,124(17):4560-4561
Thermally stable dipolar and octupolar (D2d, D3) NLO-phores are readily accessible by combining one, two, or three 4,4'-bis(dialkylaminostyryl)-[2,2']-bipyridyl ligands with zinc(II) salts. The off-resonant beta0 values point out the superiority of octupoles versus dipoles in terms of nonlinearity/transparency tradeoff. The octahedral tris(bipyridyl)zinc(II) complex exhibits a very large beta0 value (241 x 10-30 esu), which is the largest ever reported for octupolar molecules. 相似文献
48.
Complexation of AlIIIby 8-hydroxyquinoline and fluorescence behavior of the quinolinate(s) were studied in reverse micellar systems at low water content, and compared to aqueous media. Two surfactants were used: one was cationic (CTAC: cetyltrimethylammonium chloride) and the other was anionic (AOT: sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate). The results obtained in the CTAC/dichloromethane system (W= [H2O]/[surfactant] = 0.9) showed that complexation occurred very likely in the oil phase and no micellar effect was observed. On the contrary, in the presence of AOT, specific micellar effects were observed due to the presence of the anionic polar heads: stabilization of the positively charged 1:1 and 1:2 chelates, at the expense of the neutral water-insoluble 1:3 chelate which is formed in aqueous solutions under similar conditions;drastic fluorescence enhancement factorsof 120 and 100 in AOT/heptane (W= 1.5) and AOT/dichloromethane (W= 1.6), respectively. Such factors have never been reported so far in either hydroorganic or direct micellar systems. In return, the length of time for the production of the complex(es) is increased because of the microheterogeneity of the medium and the small sizes of the water pools. 相似文献
49.
Laurent David Alexandra Montembault Nadège Vizio Agnès Crépet Christophe Viton Alain Domard Isabelle Morfin Cyrille Rochas 《Macromolecular Symposia》2005,222(1):281-286
The scaling of the polyelectrolyte scattering peak in chitosan solutions, as deduced from the relation qmax∼cpα was studied by synchrotron SAXS as a function of the charge density of the polymer. We observe a variation in the α exponent corresponding to the limit of the ionic condensation, by varying the degree of acetylation of the polymer. The nature of the solution medium also affects the polyelectrolyte peak, and it is shown that in alcoholic/water mixtures, the lower dissociation of the acid induces a lower charge density, thus influencing the polyelectrolyte ordering. 相似文献
50.
The synthesis of 3-methyl-7-[2-(dimethylaminoethyl)oximino]-5-arylcyclopenta [f] benzoxa-zolinones, potential ligands of the 5HT1D receptors is described through a 4 steps reaction strategy from 3-methyl-6-acetyl benzoxazolinone. 相似文献