In-situ concentration and determination of mercury by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with Pd-Rh as the chemical modifier

A method has been proposed for the determination of mercury by cold vapor generation graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-GFAAS) with Pd-Rh as coating and chemical modifier. The trapping efficiency for mercury with Pd-Rh was higher than with Pd alone. The characteristic mass of the method, which gives an integrated absorbance of 0.0044 s, was found to be 55 pg and the absolute detection limit (3 σ) of 37 pg was obtained with the proposed modifier. The method was successfully applied to the determination of mercury in standard reference water samples, wastewater samples and cosmetics with a recovery range of 95–104%. Received: 10 April 1998 / Revised: 20 August 1998 / Accepted: 23 September 1998     

昆虫运动机理的研究

昆虫运动机理研究是一门交叉学科的前沿基础研究。旨在完善现有的空气动力学理论,为微机械设计寻找新思想、新概念。本文重点介绍目前在昆虫运动参数测量中的一些关键问题和研究进展情况,并对如何分析这些参数进行一些简单说明     

Influence of sample deposition and coating with Zr and Pd on the atomization kinetics of germanium in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Atomization of germanium from zirconium-coated (ZrGT), palladium-coated (PdGT) and palladium-zirconium-coated graphite tubes (PZGT) by aqueous deposition of the analyte solution and/or the trapping of the gaseous hydride has been investigated. From the activation energies calculated based on Smets' method, it was found that both the mode of sample introduction and the nature of the atomizer surface have an effect on the atom formation of germanium. Activation energies E_a of 383.9 ± 17.1, 445.8 ± 19.8 and 557.9 ± 12.4 kJ mol⁻¹ were observed for germanium atomization from ZrGT, PZGT and PdGT, respectively. A much larger E_a value of 950.2 ± 13.1 kJ mol⁻¹ was obtained for Ge from PdGT by the trapping of GeH₄. XPS results do not give sufficient evidence for Pd-Ge compound formation.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法间接测定水中硫酸盐

研究利用硫酸根与铬酸钡悬浊液反应释放出铬酸根,以火焰原子吸收光谱法测定溶液中游离的铬酸根,间接测定硫酸根。并研究了试验条件对测定灵敏度的影响,确定了最佳试验条件,该法用于水中可溶性硫酸盐的分析,回收率在88．5～104．8％之间。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定中草药中的硒

本文建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定中草药中的微量硒的分析方法。研究了仪器的工作条件、试剂对硒原子荧光强度的影响及硒(Ⅵ)的还原条件,探讨了共存离子对硒测定的干扰和消除方法,方法的检出限为0.21μg·L~(-1)。利用本方法成功地测定了10种中草药中的微量硒,回收率为95％～105％。方法简便、快速、灵敏、准确。     

逆风车的实现

通过对逆风车进行受力分析,从理论上证明了其逆风行驶的可行性,并成功制作了能够逆风行驶的模型车,验证了理论的正确性.     

Asymmetric henry reaction catalyzed by chiral schiff base

Four chiral Schiff bases were synthesized conveniently from chiral amino alcohol and 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde. These ligands were used to catalyze the addition of nitroalkanes to aldehydes under ambient conditions in good yields with up to 91% ee.     

Exact Confidence Limits for the Parameter of an Exponential Distribution in the Accelerated Life Tests under Type-ⅠCensoring

Life data frequently arise in many reliability studies,such as accelerated life tests studies.This paper considers the part of life data where failure and censoring observations may exist.To develop statistical methods and theory for the analysis of these data,a new approach was proposed to obtain the exact lower and upper confidence limits for the mean life of the exponential distribution with Type-I censoring data.It is assumed that the acceleration factor is a random variable,and that the distribution of the acceleration factor is known from some empirical information or the meta analysis.A method for constructing the lower and upper confidence limits for the parameter based on an ordering relation among the sample space was proposed.Simulation studies and analyses of two examples suggest that the proposed method performed well.     

Simultaneous Analysis of Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Compounds in Salvia miltiorrhiza by Double-Development HPTLC and Scanning Densitometry

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A double-development TLC method has been developed for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of hydrophilic and...     

自然灾害风险下区域应急储备设施选址可靠性研究

自然灾害发生时,为了保证区域应急储备系统的服务不被中断,考虑设施被破坏数目的发生概率并提供备份库存,以加强应急储备系统的可靠性。模型采用非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)进行求解,产生一组选址决策方案。以四川省八大城市的人口及运输距离为输入数据的仿真结果表明,与一般模型比较,本文考虑可靠性的选址模型能更好抵御自然灾害造成的中断影响,并且能获得更优的应急响应满意度、多重覆盖或总成本的单目标值。因此,在地震等灾害的破坏风险下,该模型可成为应急储备设施可靠选址的有效工具。