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991.
Cristina Ferreira Almeida Natrcia Teixeira Georgina Correia-da-Silva Cristina Amaral 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(1)
Although cannabinoids have been used for centuries for diverse pathological conditions, recently, their clinical interest and application have emerged due to their diverse pharmacological properties. Indeed, it is well established that cannabinoids exert important actions on multiple sclerosis, epilepsy and pain relief. Regarding cancer, cannabinoids were first introduced to manage chemotherapy-related side effects, though several studies demonstrated that they could modulate the proliferation and death of different cancer cells, as well as angiogenesis, making them attractive agents for cancer treatment. In relation to breast cancer, it has been suggested that estrogen receptor-negative (ER−) cells are more sensitive to cannabinoids than estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) cells. In fact, most of the studies regarding their effects on breast tumors have been conducted on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nonetheless, the number of studies on human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) and ER+ breast tumors has been rising in recent years. However, besides the optimistic results obtained thus far, there is still a long way to go to fully understand the role of these molecules. This review intends to help clarify the clinical potential of cannabinoids for each breast cancer subtype. 相似文献
992.
Yvar Van Den Winkel Jeroen Van Der Laarse Frans J. J. De Kanter Thomas Van Der Does Friedrich Bickelhaupt Wilberth J. J. Smeets Anthony L. Spek 《Heteroatom Chemistry》1991,2(1):17-28
The synthesis of 2,2′-bis(bis(dimethylamino)-phosphino)-3,3′5,5′-tetra-tert-butylbiphennyl ( 5 ) is described. It was extensively studied by 1H, 13C, and 31P NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the X-ray analysis of 5 is reported. Crystals of 5 are tetragonal, space group P¯421c, a = b = 24.770 (3) Å, c = 12.658 (4) Å, Z = 8. The surprising reaction of 5 with proton acids leading to the formation of various phosphorus containing five- and six-membered ring compounds is discussed. On reaction of one of the six-membered ring compounds ( 9 ) with magnesium in THF, a λ3, λ5-diphosphaphenanthrene ( 19 ) was obtained. 相似文献
993.
Bing-Yu Li Lauren Voets Ruben Van Lommel Fien Hoppenbrouwers Mercedes Alonso Steven H. L. Verhelst Wim M. De Borggraeve Joachim Demaerel 《Chemical science》2022,13(8):2270
Sulfur(vi) Fluoride Exchange (SuFEx) chemistry has emerged as a next-generation click reaction, designed to assemble functional molecules quickly and modularly. Here, we report the ex situ generation of trifluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride (CF3SO2F) gas in a two chamber system, and its use as a new SuFEx handle to efficiently synthesize triflates and triflamides. This broadly tolerated protocol lends itself to peptide modification or to telescoping into coupling reactions. Moreover, redesigning the SVI–F connector with a S O → S NR replacement furnished the analogous triflimidoyl fluorides as SuFEx electrophiles, which were engaged in the synthesis of rarely reported triflimidate esters. Notably, experiments showed H2O to be the key towards achieving chemoselective trifluoromethanesulfonation of phenols vs. amine groups, a phenomenon best explained—using ab initio metadynamics simulations—by a hydrogen bonded termolecular transition state for the CF3SO2F triflylation of amines.Triflyl fluoride gas (CF3SO2F) and its aza analogues are reported as new SuFEx activators. These SVI–F reagents react efficiently with a variety of nucleophiles, yet the presence of water grants complete chemoselectivity to phenols. 相似文献
994.
R. De Souza D. Neibecker I. Tkatchenko G. Boiteux A. Revillon 《Macromolecular Symposia》1989,24(1):137-143
Monometallic complexes of Nickel have been successfully, tested in reaction with olefinic and acetylenic compounds. This paper is devoted to one of the resulting products, a polyphenylacetylene which presents interesting properties. It is readily obtained avoiding the step of a polymer precursor; it is soluble in several solvents, stable in air up to 200° C and may possess a rather high conductivity, depending on polymerization conditions. This is a noticeable difference versus previously reported polyphenylacetylenes which were insulating materials. 相似文献
995.
Paolo Giusti Luigi Lazzeri Niccoletta Barbani Letizia Lelli Silvano De Petris Maria G. Cascone 《Macromolecular Symposia》1994,78(1):285-297
Blends of natural and synthetic polymers were studied for potential applications in the biomedical field. Collagen and hyaluronic acid were mixed in aqueous solution with poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(acrylic acid). The properties of the blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. Some methods were also investigated to enhance the miscibility of the polymers in these blends. 相似文献
996.
E.M.M. De Brabander-Van Den Berg A. Nijenhuis M. Mure J. Keulen R. Reintjens F. Vandenbooren B. Bosnian R. De Raat T. Frijns S. v.D. Wal M. Castelijns J. Put E. W. Meijer 《Macromolecular Symposia》1994,77(1):51-62
The synthesis and characterization of a new series of polypropylenimine dendrimers is reported. Using a repetition of the sequence of a Michael addition to a primary amine, followed by a heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation, ultra-pure polypropylenimine macromolecules with molecular weights up to 6912 are synthesized. The reaction sequence allows the preparation of these dendrimers at very large scales, whilst the availability of a simple purification in the sequence affords ultra-pure samples. The polypropylenimine dendrimers are fully characterized; apart from the first 0.5 generation they are all oils, possess a Tg in the range from −90 to −40 °C, are unexpectedly stable, and their intrinsic viscosity drops after generation 4. 相似文献
997.
We discuss theoretically the diffuse interface formed when a long (L) polymer is put into contact with shorter chains (S) of the same material (all chains being entangled). At time t shorter than the reptation time TL of the long chains, the L chains behave like a gel swollen by the S chains. The “penetration factor” ψ (i.e. the volume fraction of S near the gel surface) is controled by a balance between the osmotic pressure of the swollen L chains, and the elastic tension ψ due to swelling. If t is larger than TS (the reptation time of the short chains), ψ is of order Ne/NS (where Ne is the number of monomers between entanglement points, and NS is the degree of polymerisation of the short chains). On the other hand, if t < TS, NS must be replaced by the average number s (t) of monomers of an S chain which have entered the L region, and ψ ∼ Ne/ s (t) ∼t−1/2. The width of the mixed region e(t) increases like s 1/2(t) at TS, and like (DSt)1/2 (where DS is the reptation diffusion constant of the S chains) at t>TS. 相似文献
998.
Gemechu Zeleke Siegrid De Baere Sultan Suleman Mathias Devreese 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(3)
A fast, accurate and reliable ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for simultaneous quantification of ivermectin (IVER), doramectin (DORA), and moxidectin (MOXI) in bovine plasma. A priority for sample preparation was the eradication of possible infectious diseases to avoid travel restrictions. The sample preparation was based on protein precipitation using 1% formic acid in acetonitrile, followed by Ostro® 96-well plate pass-through sample clean-up. The simple and straightforward procedure, along with the short analysis time, makes the current method unique and suitable for a large set of sample analyses per day for PK studies. Chromatographic separation was performed using an Acquity UPLC HSS-T3 column, with 0.01% acetic acid in water and methanol, on an Acquity H-Class ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph (UHPLC) system. The MS/MS instrument was a Xevo TQ-S® mass spectrometer, operating in the positive electrospray ionization mode and two multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions were monitored per component. The MRM transitions of m/z 897.50 > 753.4 for IVER, m/z 921.70 > 777.40 for DORA and m/z 640.40 > 123.10 for MOXI were used for quantification. The method validation was performed using matrix-matched calibration curves in a concentration range of 1 to 500 ng/mL. Calibration curves fitted a quadratic regression model with 1/x2 weighting (r ≥ 0.998 and GoF ≤ 4.85%). Limits of quantification (LOQ) values of 1 ng/mL were obtained for all the analytes, while the limits of detection (LOD) were 0.02 ng/mL for IVER, 0.03 ng/mL for DORA, and 0.58 ng/mL for MOXI. The results of within-day (RSD < 6.50%) and between-day (RSD < 8.10%) precision and accuracies fell within acceptance ranges. No carry-over and no peak were detected in the UHPLC-MS/MS chromatogram of blank samples showing good specificity of the method. The applicability of the developed method was proved by an analysis of the field PK samples. 相似文献
999.
Valeria Avataneo Alice Palermiti Amedeo De Nicol Jessica Cusato Gloria Giussani Andrea Calcagno Antonio DAvolio 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(3)
Vitamin D (VD) is a calcium- and phosphate-controlling hormone used to treat bone disorders; yet, several other effects are progressively emerging. VD deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide, with suboptimal exposure to sunlight listed among the leading causes: oral supplementation with either cholecalciferol or calcitriol is used. However, there is a scarcity of clinical studies investigating how quickly VD concentrations can increase after supplementation. In this pilot study, the commercial supplement ImmuD3 (by Erboristeria Magentina®) was chosen as the source of VD and 2000 IU/day was administered for one month to 21 healthy volunteers that had not taken any other VD supplements in the previous 30 days. Plasma VD levels were measured through liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry after 7, 14, and 28 days of supplementation. We found that 95% of the participants had insufficient VD levels at baseline (<30 ng/mL; median 23.72 ng/mL; IQR 18.10–26.15), but after 28 days of supplementation, this percentage dropped to 62% (median 28.35 ng/mL; IQR 25.78–35.20). The median increase in VD level was 3.09 ng/mL (IQR 1.60–5.68) after 7 days and 8.85 ng/mL (IQR 2.85–13.97F) after 28 days. This study suggests the need for continuing VD supplementation and for measuring target level attainment. 相似文献
1000.
Lauren M. Reid Ileana Guzzetti Tor Svensson Anna-Carin Carlsson Wu Su Tomas Leek Lena von Sydow Werngard Czechtizky Marija Miljak Chandra Verma Leonardo De Maria Jonathan W. Essex 《Chemical science》2022,13(7):1957
Understanding the conformational ensembles of intrinsically disordered proteins and peptides (IDPs) in their various biological environments is essential for understanding their mechanisms and functional roles in the proteome, leading to a greater knowledge of, and potential treatments for, a broad range of diseases. To determine whether molecular simulation is able to generate accurate conformational ensembles of IDPs, we explore the structural landscape of the PLP peptide (an intrinsically disordered region of the proteolipid membrane protein) in aqueous and membrane-mimicking solvents, using replica exchange with solute scaling (REST2), and examine the ability of four force fields (ff14SB, ff14IDPSFF, CHARMM36 and CHARMM36m) to reproduce literature circular dichroism (CD) data. Results from variable temperature (VT) 1H and Rotating frame Overhauser Effect SpectroscopY (ROESY) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments are also presented and are consistent with the structural observations obtained from the simulations and CD. We also apply the optimum simulation protocol to TP2 and ONEG (a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) and a negative control peptide, respectively) to gain insight into the structural differences that may account for the observed difference in their membrane-penetrating abilities. Of the tested force fields, we find that CHARMM36 and CHARMM36m are best suited to the study of IDPs, and accurately predict a disordered to helical conformational transition of the PLP peptide accompanying the change from aqueous to membrane-mimicking solvents. We also identify an α-helical structure of TP2 in the membrane-mimicking solvents and provide a discussion of the mechanistic implications of this observation with reference to the previous literature on the peptide. From these results, we recommend the use of CHARMM36m with the REST2 protocol for the study of environment-specific IDP conformations. We believe that the simulation protocol will allow the study of a broad range of IDPs that undergo conformational transitions in different biological environments.A protocol for simulating intrinsically disordered peptides in aqueous and hydrophobic solvents is proposed. Results from four force fields are compared with experiment. CHARMM36m performs the best for the simulated IDPs in all environments. 相似文献