Axially symmetric thermal-stress distribution in an infinite elastic solid containing an annular crack under torsion

Summary In the present work the axially symmetric thermal-stress distribution in an infinite elastic solid containing an annular crack under torsion has been studied. The problem is reduced to triple integral equations which in their turn are reduced to simultaneous algebraic equations by using Hankel transform technique. The quantities of physical interest have also been computed and illustrated graphically for different values of the inner and outer radius of the crack.

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Riassunto In questo lavoro si studia la distribuzione a simmetria assiale dello stress termico in un solido elastico infinito che contiene un crack annulare sotto torsione. Il problema è ridotto alle equazioni integrali triple che per contro sono ridotte ad equazioni algebriche simul tanee usando la tecnica di trasformazione di Hankel. Sono state calcolate ed illustrate graficamente per valori differenti del raggio interno ed esterno del crack anche le quantità di interesse fisico.

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Резюме В работе исследуется аксиально симметричное распределение термических напряжений в бесконечном упрутом твердом теле, содержащем кольцевые трещины при кручении. Рассматриваемая проблема сводится к интегральным уравнениям с тройными интегралами, которые, в свою очередь, сводятся к совместным алгебраическим уравнениям, испрльзуя технику преобразований Ганкеля. Вычисляются величины, представляющие физический интерес. Полученные величины иллюстрируются графически для различных значений внутреннего и внешнего радиусов трещин.

     

Controlling Necking in Extrusion Film Casting Using Polymer Nanocomposites

The research described was concerned with the effect of layered-silicate-based organically modified nanoclay fillers on controlling the extent of necking in a polymer melt extrusion film casting (EFC) process. We show that a linear polythylene resin (such as a linear low-density polyethylene—LLDPE) filled with a very low percentage of well-dispersed (or intercalated) nanoclay displays an enhanced resistance to the necking phenomenon. In general, melt-compounded nanoclay-filled LLDPE resin formulations displayed a higher final film width (less necking), thus a lower final film thickness (greater draw down for the same draw ratio), and cooled down faster when compared to the base LLDPE resin. Incorporation of nanoclay filler in the mainly linear chain LLDPE resin led to significant modification of the melt rheological properties that, in turn, affected the melt processability of these formulations. Primarily, the intercalated nanoclay-filled LLDPE formulations displayed the presence of strain-hardening in unaxial extensional rheology. Additionally, the presence of well-dispersed nanoclay in the LLDPE resin led to a display of prominent extrudate swell indicating the presence of melt elasticity in such formulations. The presence of melt elasticity, as shown by shear rheology and strain-hardening, observed by uniaxial extensional rheology, contributed to the LLDPE nanoclay formulations displaying an enhanced resistance to necking for these films. It can be concluded that linear chain polymers susceptible to necking in an EFC process can be made more resistant to such necking by using nanoclay fillers at very low levels of loading.     

Near-barrier fission of the system12C+232Th

The fission fragment angular distributions for the system¹²C +²³²Th have been measured in the energy range 0.97<>_c.m./V_B<1.22. the=" measured=" anisotropies=" have=" been=" compared=" with=" the=" predictions=" of=" the=" standard=" saddle=" point=" statistical=" model,=" using=" the=" second=" moment=" of=" the=" compound=" nucleus=" spin=" distribution=">l² deduced from a Wong model fit to the fission excitation function. While the measured anisotropies agree with the standard saddle point statistical model for E_c.m./V_B>1.05, they are abnormally large at lower energies. This is also true for the existing measurements of¹⁶O and¹⁹F +²³²Th systems. Since for this system pre-equilibrium fission contributions are not expected, this anomaly indicates strong channel coupling effects leading to an increase in l² at sub-barrier energies.The authors thank Drs. R.K. Choudhury and A. Saxena for useful discussions, Dr. R.J. Singh for making the thorium target and the Pellectron operation staff for excellent operation of the machine.     

Electron impact ionization of Zn+ and Ga+

We have investigated the contribution of excitation-autoionization to the electron impact ionization of Zn⁺ and Ga⁺ using the binary encounter approximation. Hartree-Fock velocity distributions for the bound electrons have been used throughout the calculations of direct and indirect ionization cross-sections. The calculated cross-sections are in good agreement with recent experiments. We have also compared our results with other theoretical calculations.     

A unique method for reducing losses of bends in dielectric optical wave guide

The dielectric optical wave guide is finding growing attention at millimeter wave frequencies. However the dielectric optical waveguide radiates at bends and thus transmission loss increases. These radiations are in the outword direction of bends. This output radiation at output bends arises due to change in phase velocities of the propagating wave at the centre of the dielectric guide and the phase velocity at the outer surface of the dielectric guide. A unique methiod is suggested to avoid these radiation losses.Experimental results are also shown at microwave frequencies.     

Two-step single-colour photoionization spectroscopy of atomic uranium

The single-colour photoionization spectrum of atomic uranium is recorded in the spectral region from 366 to 371 nm. Most of the 43 observed resonances are found to be associated with the two-step photoionization process. Based on known energy levels seven new transitions have been proposed. Three of these transitions originate either from the ground state or the lowest metastable state at 620 cm^–1.     

Origin of the high-and low-frequency K-satellites of 31Ga, 32Ge and 33As

The origin of the high- and low-frequency K-satellites of ³¹Ga, ³²Ge, ³³ As is explain on the basis of Hayasi's theory of quasi-stationary states. It is shown that the same QSS difference gives rise to a particular satellite of either type in all the elements. The results are compared with those of multiple ionisation theory.     

The effect of the oscillatory rotations of an ion upon the orbit of the electrons of a neighboring atom: The hyperfine coupling ofMn2+ in KNO3 over a phase transition

The change in the electronic orbit ofMn²⁺ ion due to the switching on of oscillatory rotations of NO^-₃ ions upon a phase transformation is observed through the change in the hyperfine coupling and correctly predicted.