光触发自修复聚合物研究进展

近几年,由于光触发自修复聚合物具有可控快速等优势,其在自修复聚合物领域中占据了重要的地位。光触发自修复聚合物实现自修复的方法主要分为3类,分别是基于光交联反应的自修复、基于光触发交换反应的自修复和基于光热效应的自修复。本文主要从光触发自修复聚合物的修复机制以及修复过程中涉及的化学本质两个方面,重点阐述了上述3类光触发自修复方法的最新研究进展,强调3种光触发自修复之间的联系和共同点。同时,对光触发自修复聚合物未来的发展前景进行了展望。     

Facile one-step extraction and oxidative carboxylation of cellulose nanocrystals through hydrothermal reaction by using mixed inorganic acids

A facile and efficient approach to prepare carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (CCNCs) is presented through a novel one-step hydrothermal procedure by using a mixed acid system of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid (HCl/HNO₃). The as-prepared cellulose nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, wide angle X-ray diffraction, conductometric titrations, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and thermal gravimetric analysis. The results showed that the combination of the mixed acid and hydrothermal reaction can speed up the process of CCNC preparation, and then high quality of the product could be obtained at relatively low acid concentration. It is found that the addition of nitric acid could not only promote the conversion of surface groups on the cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), but also have significant influences on the yield, particle size and microstructure of CNCs. For the volume ratio of HCl/HNO₃ of 7:3, the as-prepared CCNCs exhibited the largest length to diameter ratio and narrowest dimension distributions as well as maximum degree of oxidation of 0.12. In addition, high dispersion stability for the CCNCs could be observed due to the existence of negative carboxyl groups. This approach based on one-step oxidative carboxylation greatly simplified the preparation of CCNCs with high yield and high crystallinity under mild hydrothermal condition.     

Synthesis of 4-[(1,3-diaminopyrrolo[3′,4′:4,5]pyrido[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-8-yl)benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid as a potential antifolate

This paper is dedicated to the memory of Professor Roland K. Robins The synthesis of 4-[(1,3-diaminopyrrolo[3′,4′:4,5]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-yl)benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid ( 18 ), a potential antifolate and anticancer agent, has been achieved starting from 1,4-dibromobutan-2-ol with alkyl p-aminobenzoic acids. Condensation of these two agents gave 1-(4-alkoxycarbonylphenyl)pyrrolidin-3-ols 7a,b , which were oxidized to the corresponding pyrrolidin-3-one derivatives 8a,b . Compounds 8a,b were converted into 1,3-diamino-8-(4-alkoxycarbonylphenyl)-7,8-dihydro-9H-pyrrolo[3′,4′:4,5]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines 12a,b in 4 steps. Saponification of 12b the benzoate ester and coupling with di-tert-butyl glutamate afforded a mixture of 7,8-dihydro product 16 and its aromatized derivative 17 . Finally hydrolysis of esters 16 or 17 gave only the title compound 18 . The 7,8-dihydro tricyclic derivatives were easily air-oxidized to form their fully aromatized compounds. The title compound 18 was one tenth less active than MTX against HL-60 cells in culture.     

Hydrogenated polybutadiene–polymethyl methacrylate (HPB–PMMA) block copolymer. I. Synthesis of polybutadiene–polymethyl methacrylate (PB–PMMA) block copolymer

To get hydrogenated polybutadiene-polymethyl methacrylate (HPB-b-PMMA) block copolymer to be used as a compatibilizer for blends of polyolefin/polar polymer, PB-b-PMMA was synthesized by anionic-free radical mechanism transformation polymerization. Selective extraction, gradient elution thin layer chromatography, and oil-oil emulsion separation techniques were tried to attempt to separate the copolymerization products. Hydrogenation of the PB sequence in PB-b-PMMA yielded HPB-b-PMMA. The compatibilizing function of PB-b-PMMA was shown in blending experiments. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

ZrO2添加方法对CuO-ZnO-ZrO2催化剂性能的影响

研究了ZrO₂的两种加入法所得CuO-ZnO-ZrO₂催化剂对CO₂加H₂合成CH₃OH反应催化活性的影响,得到催化剂的最佳含量组成及各种操作条件下的活性规律。采用BET、XRD、TPR、XPS等手段对催化剂表面晶相组成、活性组分存在状态进行了探讨。     

X—射线荧光分析中薄膜试样的面积和厚度对分析结果的影响

本文就薄膜法制样、用X-射线荧光谱法分析稀土样品时,试样面积和厚度对分析结果产生的影响作了定量研究,提出的有关分析条件和参数用于实际样品分析中,获得了满意的分析结果。     

X射线衍射仪新功能的开发及其应用

根据Ｘ射线衍射仪的结构特点,通过巧妙而简易的改装,增添了“同步照相”新功能。文中分析了开发新功能的可行性;列举了新功能在某些场合下,能使传统的照相法和现代的衍射仪法结合起来,取长补短的例子;指出新功能有助于提高分析测试水平,并可收到一机多用、节能高效的综合效果。