Application of Reduced-set Pareto-Lipschitzian Optimization to truss optimization

In this paper, a recently proposed global Lipschitz optimization algorithm Pareto-Lipschitzian Optimization with Reduced-set (PLOR) is further developed, investigated and applied to truss optimization problems. Partition patterns of the PLOR algorithm are similar to those of DIviding RECTangles (DIRECT), which was widely applied to different real-life problems. However here a set of all Lipschitz constants is reduced to just two: the maximal and the minimal ones. In such a way the PLOR approach is independent of any user-defined parameters and balances equally local and global search during the optimization process. An expanded list of other well-known DIRECT-type algorithms is used in investigation and experimental comparison using the standard test problems and truss optimization problems. The experimental investigation shows that the PLOR algorithm gives very competitive results to other DIRECT-type algorithms using standard test problems and performs pretty well on real truss optimization problems.     

Tandem reactions of 6-phenylethynylpyrimidine-5-carbaldehydes with alcohols: regioselective synthesis of 5-alkoxy-(7Z)-7-benzylidene-5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidines and 5-alkoxy-7-phenyl-5H-pyrano[4,3-d]pyrimidines

An efficient and versatile tandem processes of acetalisation and cycloisomerization reactions have been developed for the reactions of 6-phenylethynylpyrimidine-5-carbaldehydes. The influence of the catalyst and role of the substituent in the position 4 of the pyrimidine ring have been studied. Regioselective synthesis of 5,7-dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidine and pyrano[4,3-d]pyrimidine cores is described.