全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4599篇 |
免费 | 178篇 |
国内免费 | 29篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2572篇 |
晶体学 | 51篇 |
力学 | 181篇 |
数学 | 1131篇 |
物理学 | 871篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 42篇 |
2022年 | 125篇 |
2021年 | 137篇 |
2020年 | 127篇 |
2019年 | 157篇 |
2018年 | 155篇 |
2017年 | 144篇 |
2016年 | 194篇 |
2015年 | 150篇 |
2014年 | 205篇 |
2013年 | 337篇 |
2012年 | 309篇 |
2011年 | 324篇 |
2010年 | 177篇 |
2009年 | 196篇 |
2008年 | 236篇 |
2007年 | 204篇 |
2006年 | 156篇 |
2005年 | 126篇 |
2004年 | 129篇 |
2003年 | 95篇 |
2002年 | 89篇 |
2001年 | 77篇 |
2000年 | 58篇 |
1999年 | 39篇 |
1998年 | 30篇 |
1997年 | 38篇 |
1996年 | 52篇 |
1995年 | 42篇 |
1994年 | 33篇 |
1993年 | 42篇 |
1992年 | 36篇 |
1991年 | 37篇 |
1990年 | 31篇 |
1989年 | 23篇 |
1988年 | 28篇 |
1987年 | 37篇 |
1986年 | 39篇 |
1985年 | 35篇 |
1984年 | 27篇 |
1983年 | 25篇 |
1982年 | 32篇 |
1981年 | 29篇 |
1980年 | 22篇 |
1979年 | 37篇 |
1978年 | 28篇 |
1977年 | 21篇 |
1976年 | 23篇 |
1975年 | 20篇 |
1974年 | 14篇 |
排序方式: 共有4806条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
The separation characteristics of alkylchloroformate-derivatised amino acids (AAs) by using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) is reported. The use of a low-polarity/polar column set did not provide as good a separation performance as that achieved with a polar/non-polar column set, where the latter appeared to provide less correlation over the separation space. The degree of component correlation in each column set was estimated by using the correlation coefficient (r2; for 1tR and 2tR data) with the low-polarity/polar and polar/low-polarity sets returning correlation coefficients of 0.86, and 0.00 respectively, under the respective conditions employed for the experiments. The 1.5-m non-polar 2D column (0.1-mm ID; 0.1-m film thickness) gave peak halfwidths of the order of 50–80 ms. Linearity of detection was good, over a three order of magnitude concentration range, with typical lower detection limit of ca. 0.01 mg L–1, compared with 0.5 mg L–1 for normal GC operation with splitless injection. The method was demonstrated for analysis of AAs in a range of food and beverage products, including wine, beer and honey. The major AA in these samples was proline. The Heineken beer sample had a relatively more complex and more abundant AA content compared with the other beer sample. The wine and honey samples also gave a range of AA compounds. Repetition of the sample preparation/analysis procedure for the honey sample gave acceptable reproducibility for individual AAs. 相似文献
112.
20-Deoxoluteone has been synthesized from sclareol. Sclareol was brominated with phosphorus tribromide to form a mixture of primary allyl bromides, from which, by the malonic synthesis, a mixture of bicyclogeranylgeranylacetic acids was obtained which was cyclized with fluorosulfonic acid to form a mixture of two diastereomeric -lactones. The predominating lactone was converted by successive reduction with lithium tetrahydroaluminate, oxidation with oxalyl chloride in dimethyl sulfoxide, reaction with methylmagnesium iodide, and oxidation by the chromium trioxide/pyridine complex into 20-deoxyluteone.Institute of Chemistry, Moldavian SSR Academy of Science, Kishinev. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 346–353, May–June, 1990. 相似文献
113.
Résumé Le thiocarbohydrazide est un réactif d'accès facile précipitant quantitativement les aldéhydes et quelques cétones. Les points de fusion sont nets. Les précipités formés se prêtent à la gravimétrie. Nous avons étudié avec la thermobalance leur domaine de stabilité et fourni la température à ne pas dépasser pour le séchage à poids constant.
Summary Thiocarbohydrazide is a readily available reagent which quantitatively precipitates aldehydes and some ketones. The melting points are sharp. The resulting precipitates are suitable for gravimetry. Their regions of stability have been investigated with the thermobalance and the temperatures which should not be exceeded in drying to a constant weight have been found.
Zusammenfassung Thiocarbohydrazid ist ein leicht zugängliches Reagens zur quantitativen Fällung der Aldehyde und mancher Ketone. Die Schmelzpunkte der Niederschläge sind scharf. Diese eignen sich zur gravimetrischen Auswertung. Ihre Stabilität wurde mit Hilfe der Thermowaage untersucht und die Höchsttemperaturen für ihre Trocknung bis zur Gewichtskonstanz bestimmt.相似文献
114.
Nguyen Ai Viet 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》1981,31(3):269-274
In this paper the analytical expression is derived for the third-order optical harmonic coefficients x
abcd
v
(,,) of the atomic hydrogen at very low frequencies 0 in many level of the discrete energy spectrum.The author expresses his thank to Prof. Nguyen Van Hieu for suggesting the problem and fruitful discussions. 相似文献
115.
Despite the increasing applications, demands, and capabilities of drones, in practice they have only limited autonomy for accomplishing complex missions, resulting in slow and vulnerable operations and difficulty adapting to dynamic environments. To lessen these weaknesses, we present a computational framework for deducing the original intent of drone swarms by monitoring their movements. We focus on interference, a phenomenon that is not initially anticipated by drones but results in complicated operations due to its significant impact on performance and its challenging nature. We infer interference from predictability by first applying various machine learning methods, including deep learning, and then computing entropy to compare against interference. Our computational framework begins by building a set of computational models called double transition models from the drone movements and revealing reward distributions using inverse reinforcement learning. These reward distributions are then used to compute the entropy and interference across a variety of drone scenarios specified by combining multiple combat strategies and command styles. Our analysis confirmed that drone scenarios experienced more interference, higher performance, and higher entropy as they became more heterogeneous. However, the direction of interference (positive vs. negative) was more dependent on combinations of combat strategies and command styles than homogeneity. 相似文献
116.
Tang Guangxian Shafee Ahmad Nam Nguyen Dang Tlili Iskander 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2021,143(6):4249-4260
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Electrical sensor has been considered in the current attempt. Combination of buoyancy, electric and radiative forces has been included in the governing... 相似文献
117.
Efficacy of incorporating PCMs into the commercial wall on the energy-saving annual thermal analysis
Nguyen Quyen Naghieh Alireza Kalbasi Rasool Akbari Mohammad Karimipour Arash Tlili Iskander 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2021,143(3):2179-2187
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - In this study, the efficacy of incorporating phase change material (PCM) into the building walls on the annual heat transfer reduction is examined.... 相似文献
118.
The evaluation and interpretation of the behavior of construction materials under fire conditions have been complicated. Over the last few years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a reliable method to tackle this engineering problem. This review summarizes existing studies that applied AI to predict the fire performance of different construction materials (e.g., concrete, steel, timber, and composites). The prediction of the flame retardancy of some structural components such as beams, columns, slabs, and connections by utilizing AI-based models is also discussed. The end of this review offers insights on the advantages, existing challenges, and recommendations for the development of AI techniques used to evaluate the fire performance of construction materials and their flame retardancy. This review offers a comprehensive overview to researchers in the fields of fire engineering and material science, and it encourages them to explore and consider the use of AI in future research projects. 相似文献
119.
Lipases and esterases are important catalysts with wide varieties of industrial applications. Although many methods have been established for detecting their activities, a simple and sensitive approach for picogram detection of lipolytic enzyme quantity is still highly desirable. Here we report a lipase detection assay which is 1000-fold more sensitive than previously reported methods. Our assay enables the detection of as low as 5 pg and 180 pg of lipolytic activity by direct spotting and zymography, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the detection sensitivity was adjustable by varying the buffering capacity, which allows for screening of both high and low abundance lipolytic enzymes. Coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, our method provides a useful tool for sensitive detection and identification of lipolytic enzymes. 相似文献
120.
Journal of Mathematical Chemistry - Deficiency zero is an important network structure and has been the focus of many celebrated results within reaction network theory. In our previous paper... 相似文献