Access to an excited state via the thermal ring-opening of a cyclopropylidene

[reaction: see text] Thermal generation of singlet excited states is unusual in organic chemistry. The potential energy surface for the thermal ring-opening of 4-methylene-bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene-6-ylidene (1) was calculated at the CASSCF level of theory and found to produce alpha,3-didehydrotoluene in its biradical ground state (S(0)) and/or its zwitterionic excited state (S(1)).     

Gamma induced changes in Makrofol/CdSe nanocomposite films

We applied an ex-situ casting procedure to prepare a nanocomposite (NCP) from Makrofol polycarbonate (PC) and CdSe nanoparticles. The CdSe nanoparticles were prepared by a thermolysis procedure in the presence of N₂ gas flow. Rietveld refinement of x-ray data illustrated that the CdSe adopts a cubic zinc blend structure of 6.057 Å lattice parameter and 2 nm typical grain size. Samples from the prepared NCP were exposed to γ dosages (20 kGy-250 kGy). The modifications induced in the NCP films owing to γ dosages have been studied. The γ irradiation (50 kGy-250 kGy) causes crosslinks that reduce the optical bandgap from 4.15 eV to 3.81 eV, associated with an increase in dielectric parameters and refractive index. This is attributed to an increase in the mass fraction of the disordered regions as specified by x-ray diffraction. The PC-CdSe NCP was found to have a reaction to color modification which makes it suitable for saleable reproduction on a printing press.     

Infrared line shape of an alpha-carbon deuterium-labeled amino acid

The viability of alpha-carbon deuterated bonds (Calpha-D) as infrared (IR) probes of protein backbone dynamics was explored through a combination of experiment and theory. alpha-Carbon deuterated alanine (Ala-d1) served as a convenient model system for a comparison of experiment, density functional theory (DFT), and combined quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) simulations of the Calpha-D IR line shape. In addition to the primary Calpha-D absorption, the experimental spectrum contains three features that likely result from Fermi resonances. DFT calculations supported the assignments and identified the lower frequency modes participating in the Fermi resonances. A QM/MM simulation of the Ala-d1 line shape was in qualitative agreement with the experiment, including the presence of classical analogues of Fermi resonances. These studies demonstrated that the Calpha-D line shape is sensitive, via Fermi resonances, to lower frequency collective vibrations that are expected to play a role in protein dynamics and function, and that the QM/MM approach, which is applicable to proteins, is capable of aiding in their interpretation.