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281.
282.
Hegelich M Karsch S Pretzler G Habs D Witte K Guenther W Allen M Blazevic A Fuchs J Gauthier JC Geissel M Audebert P Cowan T Roth M 《Physical review letters》2002,89(8):085002
Collimated jets of carbon and fluorine ions up to 5 MeV/nucleon ( approximately 100 MeV) are observed from the rear surface of thin foils irradiated with laser intensities of up to 5 x 10 (19)W/cm(2). The normally dominant proton acceleration could be surpressed by removing the hydrocarbon contaminants by resistive heating. This inhibits screening effects and permits effective energy transfer and acceleration of other ion species. The acceleration dynamics and the spatiotemporal distributions of the accelerating E fields at the rear surface of the target are inferred from the detailed spectra. 相似文献
283.
Price GJ Ashokkumar M Cowan TD Grieser F 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2002,(16):1740-1741
The quenching of sonoluminescence from aqueous solutions by acrylic and methacrylic acids is dependent on whether the acid is ionised in solution, as controlled by the pH, but also by the frequency of ultrasound used. 相似文献
284.
J. G. Mullen A. Djedid B. Bullard G. Schupp D. Cowan Y. Cao M. L. Crow W. Yelon 《Hyperfine Interactions》1988,40(1-4):123-134
Using 100 Ci183Ta and 5 Ci182Ta sources, with LiF and NaCl crystal monochromating filters, we have measured the lineshape parameters for the 46.5 keV and 99.1 keV Mossbauer effect (ME) transitions of183W and the 100.1 keV transition of182W. Using an analytic representation of the convolution integral and utilizing asymptotic analyses of the lineshape, we find, for both transmission and microfoil internal conversion (MICE) experiments, accurate values of all ME parameters including width, position, cross section, and interference. This new approach allows deconvolution of source and absorber spectra and gives a simple analytic expression for both as well as their Fourier transforms. The line widths for the 46.5, 99.1, and 100.1 keV transitions are 3.10(10), 0.369(18), and 0.195(12) cm/s, respectively. The interference parameters are –0.00257(9), –0.0093(12), and –0.0107(12) in the same respective order. The agreement between transmission and MICE /1,2/ measurements for the above lineshape parameters is within the experimental errors. We believe these measurements are the first having sufficient precision to allow a quantitative comparison with dispersion theory /3,4/ and they indicate interference parameters 10 to 20% smaller than predicted. Our measured line widths are less than earlier reported values. This is because our analysis of the true lineshape and the study of line asymptotics permits a quantitative determination of the isomer lifetimes rather than the usual lower bound found in earlier ME experiments.This material was prepared with the support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Grants No. DE-FG02-85 ER 45199 A00 and De-FG02-85 ER 45200. 相似文献
285.
J.Z.Bai O.Bardon I.Blum A. Breakstone T.Burnett G.Chen G.P.Chen H.F.Chen J.Chen S.M.Chen Y.Q.Chen Y.Chen Y.B.Chen B.S.Cheng R.F.Cowan X.Z.Cui H.L.Ding Z.Z.DU W.Dunwoodie X.L.Fan J.Fang M.Fero C.S.Gao M.L.Gao S.Q.Gao P.Gratton J.H.Gu S.D.Gu W.X.Gu Y.F.Gu 《中国物理 C》1996,(12)
利用北京谱仪在北京正负电子对撞机上采集的350万(2S)事例,通过(2S)→γπ-和γK+K-反应道测量了Xc0的总宽度.由MonteCarlo模拟给出的质量分辨函数,利用拟合Xc2谱形得到的质量分辨作标定后,用于Xc0宽度的拟合,得到Xc0的宽度为(15.0)MeV.同时定出了XcJ(J=0,2)到π+π=和K+K-的衰变分支比.结果为B(Xc0→π+π-)=(4.27±0.23±O.60)×10-3;B(Xc0→K+K-)=(3.44±0.21±0.47×10-3;B(Xc2→π+π-)=(1.52±0.17±0.29)×10-3和B(Xc2→K+K-)=(5.2±1.1±1.8)×10-4,其中第一项误差为统计误差,第二项为系统误差。 相似文献
286.
Andrews MJ McInnes C Kontopidis G Innes L Cowan A Plater A Fischer PM 《Organic & biomolecular chemistry》2004,2(19):2735-2741
Inhibition of cyclin A- and cyclin E-associated cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK2) activities is an effective way of selective induction of apoptotic cell death via the E2F pathway in tumour cells. The cyclin groove recognition motif (CRM) in the natural CDK-inhibitory (CDKI) tumour suppressor protein p27KIP1 was used as the basis for the design and synthesis of a series of cyclic peptides whose biological activity and structural characterisation by NMR and X-ray crystallography is reported. Whereas linear p27KIP1 sequence peptides were comparatively ineffective, introduction of side chain-to-tail constraints was found to be productive. An optimal macrocyclic ring size for the conformational constraint was determined, mimicking the intramolecular H-bonding system of p27. Molecular dynamics calculations of various macrocycles suggested a close correlation between ring flexibility and biological activity. Truncated inhibitor peptide analogues also confirmed the hypothesis that introduction of a cyclic conformational constraint is favourable in terms of affinity and potency. The structural basis for the potency increase in cyclic versus linear peptides was demonstrated through the determination and interpretation of X-ray crystal structures of complexes between CDK2/cylin A (CDK2A) and a constrained pentapeptide. 相似文献
287.
Rendle PM Seger A Rodrigues J Oldham NJ Bott RR Jones JB Cowan MM Davis BG 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2004,126(15):4750-4751
The continuing ability of bacteria to resist current antibiotic treatments highlights the need for alternative strategies for inhibiting their pathogenicity. Bacterial attachment is a major factor in infectivity and virulence. This key binding phase of bacteria to any potential host is mediated by adhesin proteins and so these present an attractive therapeutic target for antiinfective blocking strategies. However, the natural ligands to adhesins are large, typically complex molecules that are difficult to mimic with small molecules. We describe here a method that creates precise synthetic mimics of glycoproteins that are designed to bind adhesins. By using protein-degrading enzymes as the basis for these mimics we have created large-molecule protein ligands that inhibit aggregation of pathogenic bacteria at levels greater than a million-fold higher than small-molecule inhibitors of adhesins. 相似文献
288.
Abe K Abe K Abe T Adam I Akimoto H Aston D Baird KG Baltay C Band HR Barklow TL Bauer JM Bellodi G Berger R Blaylock G Bogart JR Bower GR Brau JE Breidenbach M Bugg WM Burke D Burnett TH Burrows PN Calcaterra A Cassell R Chou A Cohn HO Coller JA Convery MR Cook V Cowan RF Crawford G Damerell CJ Daoudi M de Groot N de Sangro R Dong DN Doser M Dubois R Erofeeva I Eschenburg V Etzion E Fahey S Falciai D Fernandez JP Flood K Frey R Hart EL Hasuko K Hertzbach SS Huffer ME Huynh X Iwasaki M 《Physical review letters》2001,86(7):1162-1166
We present final measurements of the Z boson-lepton coupling asymmetry parameters A(e), A(mu), and A(tau) with the complete sample of polarized Z bosons collected by the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider. From the left-right production and decay polar angle asymmetries in leptonic Z decays we measure A(e) = 0.1544+/-0.0060, A(mu) = 0.142+/-0.015, and A(tau) = 0.136+/-0.015. Combined with our left-right asymmetry measured from hadronic decays, we find A(e) = 0.1516+/-0.0021. Assuming lepton universality, we obtain a combined effective weak mixing angle of sin (2)theta(eff)(W) = 0.230 98+/-0.000 26. 相似文献
289.
Anomalies in the intensity ofp-polarized light from concave diffraction gratings (Wood's anomalies) have been used to obtain surface plasmon dispersion curves for dielectric-metal layers on the grating surface. These include a 350 Å MgF2 layer and Al2O3 layers varying from a few angstroms to over 800 Å on an Al substrate. The wavelength range of the incident and diffracted light is from the visible to the vacuum ultraviolet (7,500?500 Å). Anomalous polarization peaks for Al2O3 layers in the vacuum ultraviolet (at ~ 1,600 Å) are shown to shift significantly to longer wavelengths for only a few angstroms (up to 50 Å) of oxide thickness, while for thicknesses greater than ~ 50 Å any further shift is small. In the visible region (> 4,000 Å), on the other hand, the wavelength shifts are small for dielectric thicknesses up to ~ 50 Å, but are large for thicknesses of several hundred angstroms. These results are in substantial agreement with the theoretical dispersion curves for these cases. Also considered are some of the effects of diffusion pump oil. 相似文献
290.