The Connectedness of Space Curve Invariants

In this paper we will give necessary conditions for a Borel-fixed monomial ideal to be the generic initial ideal of a reduced, irreducible, non-degenerate curve in P³.     

A measurement of the energy dependence of the inclusive yield of high-Pt events triggered by a large solid angle calorimeter

Large aperture calorimeter measurements of high transverse momentum events from 100, 200 and 340 GeV pp collisions are reported. Yields are higher by one to two orders of magnitude than the yield expected from uncorrelated statistical fluctuations in multiparticle events. The exponential slopes of the yields versus x_t exhibited a systematic change with $\text{s}\text{(x}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>t</mtext>}}\text{= 2P}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>t</mtext>}}\text{/}\text{s}\text{)}$. The events are shown to be more diffuse than pure jets as produced in e⁺e^? collisions. However, these events are consistent with a QCD-inspired 4-jet model.     

Low-temperature relaxations in styrene–crosslinked polyester networks

Two low-temperature dynamic mechanical relaxations have been observed in networks formed by copolymerization of poly(1,2-propylene fumarate) and poly(1,2-propylene phthalate fumarate) with styrene. The γ relaxation which occurs around ?100°C (1 Hz) is induced by small amounts of water, while the broad γ′ relaxation is reduced in height by the presence of water. Neither xylene nor 1,2-propylene glycol induced a γ relaxation. The γ relaxation was ascribed to motions involving a fumarate ester group–water complex.     

Relaxations in the transition region of crosslinked polyesters. II. The glass transition

The glass-transition region of crosslinked polymers prepared from poly(1,2-propylene phthalate fumarate) and styrene was studied using a torsion pendulum. The glass-transition temperature and the modulus in the rubbery region of these polymers were analyzed in terms of the crosslink density. The styrene concentration at which the maximum crosslink density occurs, as estimated from the viscoelastic data, is found to be in agreement with estimates made by other workers using chemical methods.     

Long range substituent-induced chemical shifts in the 13C NMR spectra of N-benzylidenebenzylamines

Carbon-13 chemical shifts for N-benzylidenebenzylamines are affected by substituents up to eleven bonds away from the substituent group. The data correlate well with Hammett constants.     

A study of SO2 adsorption on CaO (100) surfaces using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

The adsorption of SO₂ on CaO (100) at 300 K has been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions, the surface was exposed to 0–500 Langmuirs of SO₂. The resulting adsorption yields a single SO surface species with an S 2p peak at 168.2 eV and an O 1s_{$\text{sol1}\text{2}$} peak at 531.7 eV. Subsequent heating of the exposed surface to 673 K indicated no desorption or changes in the binding energies of the S 2p and O 1s_{$\text{1}\text{2}$} peaks. On the basis of these data and binding-energy data for standard compounds, the adsorbed species is identified as SO₄^2?. The surface coverage due to the SO₄^2? species was also measured as a function of SO₂ exposure. From these data, the initial adsorption is found to be first-order in surface coverage, and the initial sticking probability is found to have a value of 0.4.     

Education for Operational Research. A Practitioner's Viewpoint

University education for operational research in Britain is making great and welcome strides forward, but there has been little open discussion of its aims in relation to the advance of the profession. Progress in operational research, and in its application to the really worth-while problems of industry in particular, depends primarily on strengthening the industrial operational research group in its “front line” role. We need a research study of the teaching and practice of industrial operational research, in relation to effectiveness. We need “collaborative” programmes of operational research education in which the university and the industrial operational research group each contribute, in a man's training over a period of years, in the ways in which each is most competent. We need emphasis on “breadth” as well as “depth” in operational research education, and greater attention to the mutual contributions of operational research, teaching and practice, and the teaching and development of management. An impressionist sketch of a programme which might meet these needs is put forward for discussion of principles and feasibility.     

Analysis of ochres from Clearwell Caves: the role of particle size in determining colour

Three ochre samples (A (orange-red in colour), B (red) and C (purple)) from Clearwell Caves, (Gloucestershire, UK) have been examined using an integrated analytical methodology based on the techniques of IR and diffuse reflectance UV-visible-NIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis by ICP-AES and particle size analysis. It is shown that the chromophore in each case is haematite. The differences in colour may be accounted for by (i) different mineralogical and chemical composition in the case of the orange ochre, where higher levels of dolomite and copper are seen and (ii) an unusual particle size distribution in the case of the purple ochre. When the purple ochre was ground to give the same particle size distribution as the red ochre then the colours of the two samples became indistinguishable. An analysis has now been completed of a range of ochre samples with colours from yellow to purple from the important site of Clearwell Caves.