基于核酸探针的光学传感方法和细胞成像研究

许多疾病的特征在于各种生物分子表现出的异常活性,这些物质通常在细胞内外显示过表达现象,因此对其灵敏靶向识别可以提供诊断和治疗效用。由于基因诊疗和化学传感技术的发展,用于灵敏检测细胞内外生物化学物质的核酸探针突显优势。核酸探针可以在稳定进入细胞的同时,特异性地结合目标物质,通过光学方法检测或通过成像技术标识出来。本文综述了采用光学传感方法和成像技术,基于核酸探针检测生物分子的新进展。根据检测对象进行分类,概括分析了几个代表性体系:核酸序列、蛋白质和酶、化学物质和物理化学条件,并详细阐述其关键设计原理、灵敏度及样品检测等结果,同时指出了各类核酸探针的优缺点。     

磺化聚苯醚离聚体的溶液性质

研究了磺化度为20.9mol％的磺化聚苯醚(S-PPO)的钠盐和锂盐在四氢呋喃/甲醇混合溶剂中的离聚体行为。S-PPO离聚体在溶液中的链聚集状态与聚合物浓度、阳离子半径密切相关。当Na-SPPO的浓度高于3g/dL时,在30～40℃范围内其聚集度DA与浓度C的关系为:DA=ke~(εc)常数K和β分别表示为与发现链聚集的起始浓度和链聚集速率相关的常数。     

Exposure dose assessment and discussion on radioisotope production and application

The exposure dose status on radioisotope production and application in China has been assessed in the paper. The average annual occupational exposure dose received by workers in the radioisotope production is about one tenth of the annual dose limit in normal situation. It is less than one twentieth for workers in the radioisotope applications. However, the annual collective dose for the latter is higher than the former by one oder of magnitude due to the larger number of workers in the application field. Although the output of radioisotopes increased doubly in 1980's as compared with 1970's, the increase on the annual collective dose was not obvious. For exposure to the public,¹³¹I for example, the collective dose in the radioisotope production decreased by one to two orders of magnitude and the releasing factor reduced by two orders of magnitude. Therefore, the exposure dose received by workers in radioisotope production and application is lower in normal situation. However, the facts worth paying attention to are that there were many events and accidents which happened in the radioisotope applications, especially at the irradiation facilities. The probability of fatal accident was as high as 10^–3 per irradiator year. In order to improve the radiation safety situation, it is imperative to conduct the safety assessment for irradiation facilities, to enhance management of the radioactive wastes and spent sources and to establish the experience feedback system.     

二苯并-18-冠-6-甲醛聚合物柱色谱分离富集化学发光法测定痕量金

研究了用一种新的高分子冠醚聚合物(二苯并-18-冠-6-甲醛聚合物)作为色谱柱的固定相，分离富集痕量金，再用化学发光法进行测定；在盐酸介质中，高分子冠醚对金的吸附率可达100％，吸附的金可被硫脲完全解吸，吸附容量为19.40mg/g；化学发光法测定操作简便，效果令人满意；研究结果表明：把高分子冠醚聚合物作为分离富集手段与具有高灵敏度的化学发光法结合进行痕量分析是一种很有前途的方法。     

晚期肝癌及肝转移癌合并腹水的治疗

晚期肝癌及肝转移癌多并发腹水，治疗较困难。作者在抗癌、纠正水电解质失衡、低蛋白血症的基础上，试用心得安、速尿治疗，观察32例病人的腹水情况，取得较好的效果。方法：32例病人常规检查，排除心脏疾患后，给予口服心得安10mg，3次/d；速尿20mg，3次/d。每天测量腹围、记录尿量，定期检查血电解质，适量补充钾，纠正低蛋白血症。连用一周，有效后继续使用至一个月，无效者停用。结果：32例病人中腹水消退6例，明显减轻15全，有效5例，无效6例，总有效率81.3%。结论：心得安、速尿联合治疗晚期肝癌及肝转移癌并发腹水，可降低门静脉高压，减轻腹水，且无特殊副作用，值得继续研究。     

Ultrasensitive single-cell proteomics workflow identifies >1000 protein groups per mammalian cell

We report on the combination of nanodroplet sample preparation, ultra-low-flow nanoLC, high-field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS), and the latest-generation Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid mass spectrometer for greatly improved single-cell proteome profiling. FAIMS effectively filtered out singly charged ions for more effective MS analysis of multiply charged peptides, resulting in an average of 1056 protein groups identified from single HeLa cells without MS1-level feature matching. This is 2.3 times more identifications than without FAIMS and a far greater level of proteome coverage for single mammalian cells than has been previously reported for a label-free study. Differential analysis of single microdissected motor neurons and interneurons from human spinal tissue indicated a similar level of proteome coverage, and the two subpopulations of cells were readily differentiated based on single-cell label-free quantification.

The combination of nanodroplet sample preparation, ultra-low-flow nanoLC, high-field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) and latest-generation mass spectrometry instrumentation provides dramatically improved single-cell proteome profiling.     

Schrödinger方程的连续时空有限元方法

本文讨论Schr?dinger方程的连续时空有限元方法,通过引入相应的时空投影算子,利用实部虚部分离技巧,得到了变量u在时间节点处的L²范数,以及u和u_t的全局L²(H¹)和L²(L²)范数意义下的最优误差估计结果.该文的结论对进一步探索和设计Schr?dinger方程的数值算法是有益的.     

“PPAS” X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY IN LASER-PRODUCED ALUMINUM PLASMA

We have developed and successfully demonstrated the "point projection absorption spectroscopy (hereafter abbreviated to PPAS)" technique to record keV X-ray absorption spectra in the coronal region of laser produced aluminum plasma which provides spatial information in the corona. Absorption spectrum of the Al Ⅻ 1s²-1s2p resonant line for time delays up to 250, 500 and 750 ps after the peak of the incident laser pulse have been observed. Analysis of an absorption spectrum should allow a high spatial resolution (< 25μm) history of the absorbing ion population density to be determined. The 1-D hydro-code JB19 has been used to simulate the experiment and the predictions are compared to the observations. Such comparison can be useful in validating parts of the codes used for gain prediction on recombination X-ray laser transitions.     

A Sterically Hindered Zirconocene Complex (1,2-Ph2C5H3)2ZrCl2:Synthesis, Structure and Properties as Olefin Polymerization Catalyst

SinceKaminskyeIal.discoveredthehighlyactivezirconocenedich1oride/methyl-aluminoxane(MAO)catalyticsystemforolefinpolymerization',intensiveresearchworkhasbeenfocusedondevelopingnewgroup4metal1ocenecatalystsforimprovingcatalystactivitiesandpolymerproperties"'.Inthedevelopmentofnewmetallocenecatalystsystems,liganddesignandmodificationhaveplayedanimportantrole.lthasbeenknownthatevenminormodificationofagivenligandframeworkcouldresultinsignificantchangesincatalystactivitiesandpolymerproperties'.Int…     

DFT study of the conductance of molecular wire:The effect of coupling geometry and intermolecular interaction on the transport properties

The density functional theory (DFT) combining with the non-equilibrium Green functions (NEGF) method is applied to the study of the electronic transport properties for a Di-thiol-benzene (DTB) molecule coupled to two Au(111) surfaces. The dependence of the transport properties on the bias, the coupling geometry of the molecule-electrode interface, and the intermolecular interaction are examined in detail. The results show that the existence of the hydrogen atom at the end of the DTB molecule would significantly decrease the transmission coefficients, and then the differential conductance (dI/dV). By changing the position of the DTB molecule located between two electrodes a maximum value of calculated current is observed. It is also found that the intermolecular interaction will strongly influence the transport properties of the system studied.