Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor polymorphism in African blacks.

The inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (ITI) polymorphism was analyzed in an African Negroid population using polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing and subsequent immunoblotting. Gene frequencies of ITI*1, ITI*2, ITI*3 and ITI*4 were calculated to be 0.564, 0.083, 0.337 and 0.004, respectively. One unknown rare allele, ITI*6, determines further phenotypes in combination with the alleles ITI*1 and ITI*3. Gene frequency of ITI*6 was calculated to be 0.012. The common alleles are represented by ITI*1 and ITI*3. The allele distribution is therefore different from European and Asian populations.     

Ueber das Aequivalentgewicht des Lanthans, Didyms, Decipiums und Samariums

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Chirality and Polarity in the f‐Block Borates M4[B16O26(OH)4(H2O)3Cl4] (M=Sm,Eu, Gd,Pu, Am,Cm, and Cf)

The reactions of trivalent lanthanides and actinides with molten boric acid in high chloride concentrations result in the formation of M₄[B₁₆O₂₆(OH)₄(H₂O)₃Cl₄] (M=Sm, Eu, Gd, Pu, Am, Cm, Cf). This cubic structure type is remarkably complex and displays both chirality and polarity. The polymeric borate network forms helical features that are linked via two different types of nine‐coordinate f‐element environments. The f–f transitions are unusually intense and result in dark coloration of these compounds with actinides.     

The formation of alkali and alkaline earth cation complexes with cucurbit[6]uril in aqueous solution: a critical survey of old and new results

The solubility of cucurbit[6]uril in aqueous and in different solutions of alkali and alkaline earth salts has been measured. Due to the complex formation the solubility of the ligand increases. From this increase the stability constants of the cations are calculated. The solubility of cucurbit[6]uril in salt solutions after extrapolation to zero salt concentrations differs from salt to salt. These values of the solubility are different from the direct measured value of the solubility. The measured values of the stability constants with different salts are in accordance with most of the values reported. However, the presented method for the calculation of stability constants fails if the values of the stability constants exceed a certain value. This limiting value depends on the solubility of the ligand examined.     

The complexation of alkaline cations by crown ethers and cryptands in acetone

Stability constants and thermodynamic values for the complex formation of alkali ions by crown ethers, diaza crown ethers and cryptands have been measured by means of potentiometric and calorimetric titrations in acetone as solvent. The interactions between the ligands and solvent molecules play an important role for the complex formation. Cryptands form the most stable complexes with alkali ions if inclusion complexes are formed. Even in the case that the salts are not completely dissociated in acetone the presence of ion pairs does not influence the calculated values of the stability constants.     

The group specific component/vitamin D binding protein (GC/DBP) system in the analysis of disputed paternities

The group-specific component (GC) was discovered in 1959, and in the same year a vitamin D binding protein (DBP) in human plasma was found; however, their identity was established as late as 1975. In the GC/DBP system three common alleles, GC*1F, GC*1S, and GC*2, determine six GC phenotypes: 1F, 1S, 2, 1F-1S, 2-1F and 2-1S, these common alleles having been found in all human populations studied. In addition, more than 120 GC variants have been discovered, with varying frequencies in different populations. The distribution of the common GC phenotypes and the presence of rare GC variant phenotypes render the GC/DBP system useful for the analysis of disputed paternities.     

Using domain decomposition to find graph bisectors

In this paper we introduce a three-step approach to find a vertex bisector of a graph. The first step finds adomain decomposition of the graph, consisting of a set of domains and a multisector. Eachdomain is a connected subgraph, and themultisector contains the remaining vertices that separate the domains from each other. The second step uses a block variant of the Kernighan-Lin scheme to find a bisector that is a subset of the multisector. The third step improves the bisector by bipartite graph matching. Experimental results show this domain decomposition method finds graph partitions that compare favorably with a state-of-the-art multilevel partitioning scheme in both quality and execution time. This research was supported in part by the ARPA Contract DABT63-95-C-0122, and in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada under grant A5509.