Ab Initio calculations of the anisotropic dielectric tensor of GaAs/AlAs superlattices

The static dielectric properties of (001)(GaAs)(p)/(AlAs)(p) superlattices have been calculated as a function of their period p for 1< or = p < or =12, starting from density-functional theory. The interplay between quantum confinement and local field effects is shown to be crucial. For light polarized in the growth direction it leads to the otherwise surprising justification of the use of a classical effective medium theory, even for the smallest periods. Only the inclusion of both contributions allows in ab initio and in semiempirical calculations to reproduce the experimentally observed birefringence.     

Intensity and polarization self-pulsations in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

We implement a dynamic model that describes the polarization behavior in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers that contain an absorbing region surrounding the active zone. We find four regions of qualitatively different behavior: stable linearly polarized operation, intensity pulsations of a linearly polarized component, pulsations of both total-intensity and polarization components, and polarization self-pulsation with constant total intensity. We characterize the four regions by computing the polarization-resolved optical and power spectra. The predicted behavior agrees with recent experimental results.     

Spatial trapping of short pulses in Ti-indiffused LiNbO(3) waveguides

We show numerically and experimentally that spatial trapping can be induced in quadratic media even if the pump pulse's duration is shorter than the group-delay mismatch between fundamental wave and second-harmonic components. The influence of phase mismatch and pulse power on the trapping effect is discussed. Spatial, temporal, and spectral behaviors that accompany self-trapped propagation are highlighted.     

Teoremi di esistenza e regolarità per certe classi di equazioni differenziali astratte

Sunto Si studia la regolarità (del tipo diGevrey) per le soluzioni delle equazioni differenziali astratte del tipo (*) e (**) dell'introduzione. Lavoro eseguito nell'ambito delle attività svolte nei Gruppi Matematici di Ricerca del C. N. R.     

Enhancement of shake-up structure in alkali-metal-ion exchanged forms of α-Zr(HPO4)2 by sputtering

Mg Kα ESCA spectra of several α-Zr(PO₄)₂M₂ compounds (M = Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Cs⁺) have been obtained. Satellite structure is observed at ～7–8 eV from the main P 2s peak (corresponding to ～15–16 eV from the main Zr 3d_{$\text{5}\text{2}$} peak). The intensity of the satellite depends on the counter-ion intercalated. For a given counter-ion it is strongly increased by sputtering, the rate of increase being also dependent on the counter-ion. This observation is interpreted mainly in terms of electron-defect formation similar to that involved in the formation of colour centres by radiation damage, and subsequent charge-transfer shake-up of the trapped electrons to the electron-deficient phosphorus or Zr(IV) centres.     

Parametrized\bar \partial operator on pseudoconvex setsoperator on pseudoconvex sets

Sunto Si dimostra l'esistenza della soluzione per l'operatore di Cauchy-Riemann parametrizzato, nel caso continuo per varietà fortemente pseudoconvesse e nel caso differenziabile per varietà di Stein.

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Entrata in Redazione il 20 maggio 1975.

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Supported by C.N.R. research groups.     

Transport numbers of sodium polyacrylate in aqueous solutions

The moving boundary technique has been used to measure independently the transference numbers of macroion and counterions in water solutions of sodium polyacrylate at 25° and in the concentration range 0·050-0·8 eq/l. The experimental results allow us to compute, without any arbitrary assumption, the fraction of counterions which contribute to the transport of current towards the cathode and which may be called the “fraction of free ions”.     

Surface integrals as symmetry generators in supergravity theory

It is shown that in asymptotically flat space the weakly vanishing Hamiltonian of supergravity theory has to be modified by adding to it certain surface integrals. The numerical value of the surface integrals yields the total energy-momentum, angular momentum and supercharge of the system. The surface integrals have well defined (Dirac) brackets only after the coordinates and supergauge are fixed. In that case they close according to the flat space supersymmetry algebra. If an internal symmetry is included, new surface integrals appear corresponding to the additional gauge charges.     

Interaction of NO with nanosized Ru-, Pd-, and Pt-Doped SnO2: electron paramagnetic resonance, Mössbauer, and electrical investigation

The mechanism of NO interaction with nanosized Ru(Pd,Pt)-doped SnO(2) was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance, M?ssbauer, and electric resistance measurements. Three steps were proposed for the reaction between the semiconductor oxide and the gaseous component: (i) the formation of bielectronic oxygen vacancies (V(o)) in SnO(2); (ii) their single-ionization (V(o)(*)) with injection of electrons into the SnO(2) conduction band; (iii) the subsequent transfer of electrons from V(o)(*) to [Ru(Pd,Pt)](4+). The last process induces the formation of further oxygen vacancies which reduce the transition metal centers to lower oxidation states; the redox processes is enhanced and the electrical resistance in transition metal-doped SnO(2) is stronger modified with respect to the undoped material.     

Diffraction engineering in arrays of photonic crystal waveguides

Light propagation in uniform arrays of photonic crystal waveguides is studied. We demonstrate that, in stark contrast to the case of conventional waveguide arrays, diffraction can be tailored both in magnitude and sign by varying only the spacing between adjacent waveguides. Diffraction management in ultracompact arrays of straight photonic crystal waveguides is demonstrated by solving Maxwell's equations through the time-domain finite-element method.