An efficient high-speed counter-current chromatography method for the preparative separation of sesquiterpenoids from the rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus L. combined with evaluation of the anti-inflammation activity in vitro and molecular docking

Cyperus rotundus L. has been extensively used in ancient medication for the treatment of different disorders worldwide, in which sesquiterpenes are the most representative components. In this study, sesquiterpenes were effectively purified by two-dimensional counter-current chromatography in combination with continuous injection and inner-recycling mode with a solvent system of n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (1:0.2:1:0.2, v/v/v/v). For one-dimension separation, continuous injection mode was used with three times injection and the inner-recycling mode was adopted for the separation of two mixtures for two-dimensional separation. Finally, four sesquiterpenoids, including scariodione ( 1 ), cyperenoic acid ( 2 ), scariodione ( 3 ), and α-cyperone ( 4 ), were obtained with purities over 98%. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance were applied to identify their structures. The results from the anti-inflammation effect with zebrafish demonstrated that cyperenoic acid exhibited stronger anti-inflammation activity. Molecular docking results suggested that cyperenoic acid possessed lower binding energies –9.4545 kcal/mol with 1CX2 to form formed hydrogen bond interaction with ARG120. In general, all the obtained findings proved that the strong anti-inflammation capacity of cyperenoic acid can have the potential of being adopted for treating diseases resulting from inflammation.     

Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Reaction of Sulfonyl Hydrazides with Alcohols: An Easy Access to Sulfinates

A Cu‐catalyzed aerobic oxidative reaction between sulfonyl hydrazides and alcohols has been developed. In this reaction, sulfonyl hydrazides act as the sulfinic acid precursors to react with alcohols, resulting in sulfinic esters with up to 72 % yield. This catalytic system tolerates a wide range of sulfonyl hydrazide substrates, and represents a new strategy for the transformation of readily available sulfonyl hydrazides.     

Columnar bis(pyridinium) ionic liquid crystals derived from 4-hydroxypyridine: synthesis,mesomorphism and emission properties

A series of flexibly linked bis(pyridinium) salts with various counterions (Br^?, PF₆^?, BF₄^? and OTf-) was designed and prepared starting from corresponding N-alkylated 4-pyridones precursors with mesogenic 3,4,5-tris(alkyloxy)benzyl moieties (alkyl = dodecyl or tetradecyl). These salts were investigated for their liquid crystalline properties by a combination of differential scanning calorimetry, polarising optical microscopy and temperature-dependent powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Their thermal stability was checked by thermogravimetric analysis. All bis(pyridinium) salts, except the triflate salt with shorter terminal carbon chain, display an enantiotropic liquid crystalline behaviour with a hexagonal columnar (Col_h) phase assigned on the basis of its characteristic texture and XRD studies. It was found that these luminescent bis(pyridinium) salts show weak emission in dichloromethane solutions at room temperature and a pronounced red-shifted emission in solid state. The emission properties of these bis(pyridinium) salts do not depend significantly on the nature of counterion employed.     

SiC单晶片的取向研磨

优质晶体生长常常需要籽晶或衬底偏离常规结晶取向.为便于按任意偏向角度研磨晶片,本实验室设计并应用了晶片取向研磨夹具及相应的研磨工艺.本文介绍了该夹具和工艺的工作原理、技术要点以及对技术指标的鉴定情况.测试结果表明,研磨取向误差范围可控制在5;之内,研磨片厚度偏差小于5 μm、粗糙度Ra=0.12 μm.     

The Carboxyl Functionalized UiO-66-(COOH)2 for Selective Adsorption of Sr2+

Efficient and selective removal of ⁹⁰Sr is an important process for the safe use of nuclear energy. Herein, we investigate and assess the Sr²⁺ adsorption properties of a metal-organic framework UiO-66-(COOH)₂ functionalized by non-bonded carboxylic groups. This MOF is an exciting class of free carboxylic functionalized MOFs that combine chemical stability with gas sorption, dye elimination, and conductivity. Specifically, we show that uniformly distributed carboxyl and water stability make it accessible for loading Sr²⁺ without structural changes. The FTIR spectroscopy, PXRD analysis, XPS, and SEM-EDS studies show excellent stability as well as the strong affinity between -COOH active site and Sr²⁺. This strong coordination interaction guarantees a high adsorption capacity of 114 mg g⁻¹ within 5 h (pH 5 and 298 K). Combined kinetic and thermodynamic studies show that the surface complexation is strong chemisorption and cost-effective spontaneous process (ΔG = −5.49 kJ mol⁻¹~−2.16 kJ mol⁻¹). The fact that UiO-66-(COOH)₂ not only possesses a high adsorption capacity, but also enables selectivity to Sr²⁺ in the presence of similar radius ions Na⁺ and K⁺, prefigures its great potential for the practical treatment of radioactive Sr²⁺ in polluted water.     

Application of high field spectroscopic imaging in the evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy

Previous spectroscopic imaging studies of temporal lobe epilepsy have used comparisons of metabolite content or ratios to lateralize the seizure focus. Although highly successful, these studies have shown significant variations within each of the groups of healthy subjects and patients. This variation may arise from the natural differences seen in metabolite concentration in gray and white matter, the complex anatomy seen about the hippocampus, and the large voxels typically employed at 1.5 T. Using a 4.1 T whole body system, we have acquired spectroscopic images with 0.5 cc nominal voxels (1 cc after filtering) to evaluate the regional variation in metabolite content of the hippocampus, temporal gray and white matter, midbrain, and cerebellar vermis. Using a threshold value of 0.90 for CR/NAA, a value 90% of all normal hippocampal voxels lay below, we have correctly identified the presence of epileptogenic tissue in patients with unilateral as well as bilateral seizures. By using comparisons to healthy values of the CR/NAA ratio, this method enables the visualization of bilateral disease and provides information on the extent of gray matter involvement.     

拟常曲率黎曼流形中子流形的几何不等式的一些注记

本文研究了拟常曲率黎曼流形中子流形的Chen不等式.利用代数技巧,建立了Chen广义不等式、Chen-Ricci不等式和关于卷积函数和平均曲率平方的不等式,推广了Özgür和Chen的一些结果.     

Electron correlation in the second Landau level: a competition between many nearly degenerate quantum phases

At a very low-temperature of 9 mK, electrons in the second Landau level of an extremely high-mobility two-dimensional electron system exhibit a very complex electronic behavior. With a varying filling factor, quantum liquids of different origins compete with several insulating phases leading to an irregular pattern in the transport parameters. We observe a fully developed nu=2+2/5 state separated from the even-denominator nu=2+1/2 state by an insulating phase and a nu=2+2/7 and nu=2+1/5 state surrounded by such phases. A developing plateau at nu=2+3/8 points to the existence of other even-denominator states.     

基于联合变换相关器的Dempster-Shafer理论计算

提出了用联合变换相关器(JTC)来实现证据理论概率分配函数正交和的光学计算,在理论上对于如何用联合变像相关器实现证据理论分配函数正交和作了详细的讨论,并作了相应的仿真测试,结果显示该方法是可行的。与John Caulfield提出的用声光器件矢量外积实现的正交和计算相比,在该结构中由于采用二进制编码的数值计算,因此其计算精度得到了提高,同时对联合变换相关器输入端二进制编码的数值空间位置的适当调整可以直接得到所需要的证据理论正交和矢量,在处理步骤上得到了简化。