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991.
Zainul Akmar Zakaria Wan Azlina Ahmad Zainoha Zakaria Firdausi Razali Norsuhada Abdul Karim Mohamad Md Sum Mohd. Saufi Mohd. Sidek 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2012,167(6):1641-1652
The bacterial reduction of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater was evaluated using a 2.0-m3 bioreactor. Liquid pineapple waste was used as a nutrient for the biofilm community formed inside the bioreactor. The use of rubber wood sawdust as packing material was able to immobilize more than 106?CFU?mL?1 of Acinetobacter haemolyticus cells after 3?days of contact time. Complete reduction of 15?C240?mg?L?1 of Cr(VI) was achieved even after 3?months of bioreactor operation. Cr(VI) was not detected in the final effluent fraction indicating complete removal of Cr from solution from the flocculation/coagulation step and the unlikely re-oxidation of Cr(III) into Cr(VI). Impatiens balsamina L. and Gomphrena globosa L. showed better growth in the presence of soil?Csludge mixture compared to Coleus scutellarioides (L.) Benth. Significant amounts of Cr accumulated at different sections of the plants indicate its potential application in Cr phytoremediation effort. The bacterial-based system was also determined not to be detrimental to human health based on the low levels of Cr detected in the hair and nail samples of the plant operators. Thus, it can be said that bacterial-based Cr(VI) treatment system is a feasible alternative to the conventional system especially for lower Cr(VI) concentrations, where sludge generated can be used as growth supplement for ornamental plant as well as not detrimental to the health of the workers. 相似文献
992.
Wan Kamarul Zaman Wan Safwani Suzana Makpol Somasundaram Sathapan Kien Hui Chua 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2012,166(8):2101-2113
Human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have generated a great deal of excitement in regenerative medicine. However, their safety and efficacy issue remain a major concern especially after long-term in vitro expansion. The aim of this study was to investigate the fundamental changes of ASCs in long-term culture by studying the morphological feature, growth kinetic, surface marker expressions, expression level of the senescence-associated genes, cell cycle distribution and ß-galactosidase activity. Human ASCs were harvested from lipoaspirate obtained from 6 patients. All the parameters mentioned above were measured at P5, P10, P15 and P20. Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance with a Tukey post hoc test to determine significance difference (P?0.05). The data showed that growth of ASCs reduced in long-term culture and the ß-galactosidase activity was significantly increased at later passage (P20). The morphology of ASCs in long-term culture showed the manifestation of senescent feature at P15 and P20. Significant alteration in the senescence-associated genes expression levels was observed in MMP1, p21, Rb and Cyclin D1 at P15 and P20. Significant increase in CD45 and HLA DR DQ DP surface marker was observed at P20. While cell cycle analysis showed significant decrease in percentage of ASCs at S and G2/M phase at later passage (P15). Our data showed ASCs cultured beyond P10 favours the senescence pathway and its clinical usage in cell-based therapy may be limited. 相似文献
993.
The effect of ultrahigh molecular weight polyacrylonitrile (UHMWPAN) on the shear and extensional rheological behavior of
PAN solutions were studied. The PAN solutions were prepared by dissolving medium molecular weight polyacrylonitrile in dilute
UHMWPAN/dimethyl sulfoxide solutions. The results of shear rheological measurements indicated that the existence of UHMWPAN
reduced the shear-thinning but increased the characteristic relaxation time and the elasticity of PAN solutions. Moreover,
the PAN solutions containing UHMWPAN exhibited much more evident strain-hardening behavior than the solution without UHMWPAN.
It was found from the results of extensional rheological measurements that the strain hardening and elasticity of PAN solutions
increased greatly with the increase of molecular weight or content of UHMWPAN in the solutions. PAN solutions containing a
small amount of UHMWPAN have better drawability and favor the increase of jet stretch ratio in dry-jet wet spinning of PAN
precursor fibers. 相似文献
994.
995.
随着能源危机的加剧,太阳能电池作为开发和利用太阳能的一种普遍形式, 日益受到世界各国的重视.随着太阳能电池向着高效率、薄膜化、无毒性和原材料丰富的方向发展, 单纯的硅系太阳能电池已经无法达到这样的要求,因此新的材料和工艺的开发利用迫在眉睫. 本文研究了碳材料在硅异质节上实现光伏效应的改善及其可能在太阳能电池上的应用. 采用脉冲激光沉积方法制备的Co2-C98/Al2O3/Si异质结构在标准日光照射 (AM1.5, 100 mW/cm2)条件下,可获得0.447 V的开路电压和18.75 mA/cm2的电流密度, 转换效率可达3.27%.通过电容电压特性和暗条件下的电输运性能测量, 证明了氧化铝层的引入不但对单晶硅的表面起到了物理钝化作用,减小了反向漏电流, 使异质结界面缺陷、界面能级和复合中心减少,还起到了场效应钝化作用, 增加了异质结界面的势垒高度,增加了开路电压,使异质结的光伏效应显著增强. 相似文献
996.
997.
X. B. Wan Q. P. Wang Z. J. Liu X. Y. Zhang Z. H. Cong S. Z. Fan G. F. Jin 《Laser Physics》2012,22(1):106-110
Raman lasers based on c-Nd:YVO4 crystals can generate 1178 nm Stokes line, which can be frequency-doubled to realize 589 nm sodium lasers. We make comparative
experimental studies of c-Nd:YVO4/YVO4 Raman lasers and c-Nd:YVO4 self-Raman lasers. About these two kinds of lasers, the output characteristics of power, center wavelength and beam quality
are measured and compared. 相似文献
998.
Phase transition,dielectric and piezoelectric properties of NaNbO3–Bi0.5Li0.5TiO3 lead-free ceramics
Lingling Fu Dunmin Lin Qiaoji Zheng Xiaochun Wu Lang Wu Hailing Sun Yang Wan Ximing Fan Chenggang Xu 《Current Applied Physics》2012,12(6):1523-1528
Lead-free ceramics (1?x)NaNbO3–xBi0.5Li0.5TiO3 have been fabricated by an ordinary sintering technique, and their electric properties and temperature characteristics have been studied. All the ceramics possess a perovskite structure with orthorhombic symmetry, indicating that (Bi0.5Li0.5)TiO3 diffuses into NaNbO3 lattices to form a new solid solution. A low (Bi0.5Li0.5)TiO3 doping level transforms the NaNbO3 ceramics from antiferroelectric to ferroelectric. The ceramics with x ≤ 0.075 are normal ferroelectric, and the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase become diffusives with the doping level of Bi0.5Li0.5TiO3 increasing. As x increases, the Curie temperature of the ceramics decreases linearly, while the relative permittivity εr increases. 0.925NaNbO3–0.075(Bi0.5Li0.5)TiO3 ceramic exhibits the relatively large piezoelectric constant (d33 = 58 pC/N), high Curie temperature (TC = 228 °C) and good temperature stability, suggesting that the ceramics are one of new possible candidates for lead-free piezoelectric materials. 相似文献
999.
Using 1 MHz pulse-echo ultrasound externally applied to detect mastoid effusion: cadaver experiments
The objective of this study is to explore the feasibility of using ultrasound to detect mastoid effusion (ME). In the past, ultrasound has been used to measure middle ear effusion (MEE) by injecting water into the external ear canal to measure echoes from the tympanic membrane, which is uncomfortable for the patient. It has been shown that air cells in the mastoid of patients with MEE are filled with fluid, which implies that ME could be a useful indicator of MEE. This study suggests using ultrasound to detect ME as a potentially noninvasive approach for MEE detection. In vitro experiments were performed on ten cadaver samples of the human ear. A single-element 1 MHz transducer was used to measure the mastoid of each cadaver before and after injecting water into the mastoid. The experimental results showed that the relative amplitudes of ultrasonic signals differed significantly between before (0.24 ± 0.09, mean ± standard deviation) and after (0.15 ± 0.03) the water injection (p < 0.05, t-test), demonstrating that the ultrasonic reflection can be used to detect ME. The location of the human mastoid under the skin behind the ear allows external measurements, and hence ultrasound-based ME detection may be an alternative, noninvasive diagnostic approach to detecting MEE in the future, providing an examination that avoids discomfort. 相似文献
1000.
Lihua Zhang Zhenyan Tang Shaolin Wang Ding Ding Mingshu Chen Huilin Wan 《Surface science》2012,606(19-20):1507-1511
The growth, structures, and vibrational properties of ultrathin manganese oxide films on Rh(111) had been investigated using high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low energy electron diffraction (LEED), low energy ion scattering spectroscopy (LEIS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). MnOx grew in a layer-by-layer fashion on the Rh(111) surface. HREELS phonon features and XPS binding energies showed that an OMnO like tri-layer formed initially. Which was stable on the Rh(111) surface with MnOx coverage less than one monolayer. At above one monolayer, Mn3O4 was preferred as indicated from a four-phonon feature peaked at 13.3, 39, 68 and 83 meV in HREELS. Higher temperature oxidation and annealing were found to improve the long-range order of the MnOx films. 相似文献