混合模式直线型变压器驱动源模块

在对Marx发生器和直线型变压器驱动源(LTD)电路拓扑结构及等效参数进行分析对比的基础上,结合两种电路拓扑结构的技术特点,提出了基于Marx基本回路的混合模式LTD模块构想。在混合模式LTD模块中,每个基本回路是一个多级的Marx发生器回路,回路中只有前一级或几级开关需要外部触发,而后级开关工作在自击穿模式。计算分析表明：混合模式LTD模块设计可以有效降低LTD系统对多路同步触发的要求;独立回路式结构可提高整个混合模式LTD模块的可维护性;回路间耦合触发的方式可提高整个混合模式LTD的工作可靠性。最后,还探讨了回路内阻、磁芯损耗及Marx发生器回路中后级自击穿开关抖动对混合模式LTD模块参数设计的影响。     

基于等阻抗差分段法的变阻抗线电路模拟

新型Z箍缩驱动源系统采用变阻抗线结构形式的径向阻抗变换器进行能量传递和变换,为了获得最大的能量效率,需要应用电路模拟方法研究变阻抗线传递功率的特性。采用了等阻抗差分段法对变阻抗线进行了建模计算,与以往的等长度分段方法比较,在相同的分段数量下,等阻抗差分段法在阻抗变化的连续性上优于等长度分段法。给出了具有指数形式的变阻抗线的算例,分别采用两种分段法进行了计算,对计算结果的比较表明:等阻抗差分段法可以使计算更快地收敛到真实解。     

Recognition of Vehicles Entering Expressway Service Areas and Estimation of Dwell Time Using ETC Data

To scientifically and effectively evaluate the service capacity of expressway service areas (ESAs) and improve the management level of ESAs, we propose a method for the recognition of vehicles entering ESAs (VeESAs) and estimation of vehicle dwell times using electronic toll collection (ETC) data. First, the ETC data and their advantages are described in detail, and then the cleaning rules are designed according to the characteristics of the ETC data. Second, we established feature engineering according to the characteristics of VeESA and proposed the XGBoost-based VeESA recognition (VR-XGBoost) model. Studied the driving rules in depth, we constructed a kinematics-based vehicle dwell time estimation (K-VDTE) model. The field validation in Part A/B of Yangli ESA using real ETC transaction data demonstrates that the effectiveness of our proposal outperforms the current state-of-the-art. Specifically, in Part A and Part B, the recognition accuracies of VR-XGBoost are 95.9% and 97.4%, respectively, the mean absolute errors (MAEs) of dwell time are 52 and 14 s, respectively, and the root mean square errors (RMSEs) are 69 and 22 s, respectively. In addition, the confidence level of controlling the MAE of dwell time within 2 min is more than 97%. This work can effectively recognize the VeESA and accurately estimate the dwell time, which can provide a reference idea and theoretical basis for the service capacity evaluation and layout optimization of the ESA.     

A Unique,Porous C3N4 Nanotube for Electrochemiluminescence with High Emission Intensity and Long-Term Stability: The Role of Calcination Atmosphere

Developing excellent strategies to optimize the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) performance of C₃N₄ materials remains a challenge due to the electrode passivation, causing weak and unstable light emission. A strategy of controlling the calcination atmosphere was proposed to improve the ECL performance of C₃N₄ nanotubes. Interestingly, we found that calcination atmosphere played a key role in specific surface area, pore-size and crystallinity of C₃N₄ nanotubes. The C₃N₄ nanotubes prepared in the Air atmosphere (C₃N₄ NT-Air) possess a larger specific surface area, smaller pore-size and better crystallinity, which is crucial to improve ECL properties. Therefore, more C₃N₄^•− excitons could be produced on C₃N₄ NT-Air, reacting with the SO₄^•− during the electrochemical reaction, which can greatly increase the ECL signal. Furthermore, when C₃N₄ nanotube/K₂S₂O₈ system is proposed as a sensing platform, it offers a high sensitivity, and good selectivity for the detection of Cu²⁺, with a wide linear range of 0.25 nM~1000 nM and a low detection limit of 0.08 nM.     

Exploration of Antimicrobial Ingredients in Psoralea corylifolia L. Seed and Related Mechanism against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

With the abuse of antibiotics, bacterial antibiotic resistance is becoming a major public healthcare issue. Natural plants, especially traditional Chinese herbal medicines, which have antibacterial activity, are important sources for discovering potential bacteriostatic agents. This study aimed to develop a fast and reliable method for screening out antimicrobial compounds targeting the MRSA membrane from Psoralea corylifolia Linn. seed. A UPLC-MS/MS method was applied to identify the prenylated flavonoids in major fractions from the extracts of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. seed. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of different fractions and compounds. The morphological and ultrastructural changes of MRSA were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The membrane-targeting mechanism of the active ingredients was explored by membrane integrity assays, membrane fluidity assays, membrane potential assays, ATP, and ROS determination. We identified eight prenylated flavonoids in Psoralea corylifolia Linn. seed. The antibacterial activity and mechanism studies showed that this type of compound has a unique destructive effect on MRSA cell membranes and does not result in drug resistance. The results revealed that prenylated flavonoids in Psoralea corylifolia Linn. seeds are promising candidates for the development of novel antibiotic agents to combat MRSA-associated infections.     

Synthesis of Potential Antiviral Agents for SARS-CoV-2 Using Molecular Hybridization Approach

We synthesized a set of small molecules using a molecular hybridization approach with good yields. The antiviral properties of the synthesized conjugates against the SAR-CoV-2 virus were investigated and their cytotoxicity was also determined. Among all the synthesized conjugates, compound 9f showed potential against SARS-CoV-2 and low cytotoxicity. The conjugates’ selectivity indexes (SIs) were determined to correlate the antiviral properties and cytotoxicity. The observed biological data were further validated using computational studies.     

New 11-Methoxymethylgermacranolides from the Whole Plant of Carpesium divaricatum

Eight new 11-methoxymethylgermacranolides (1–8) were isolated from the ethanol extract of the whole plant of Carpesium divaricatum. The planar structures and relative configurations of the new compounds were determined by detailed spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configuration of 1 was established by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum and X-ray crystallographic analysis, and the stereochemistry of the new compounds 2–8 were determined by similar ECD data with 1. The absolute configurations of 5 and 7 were further confirmed by using quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compound 4 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells. Compound 8 could potently decrease PGE2 productions in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.     

基于Kr工质的离子推力器栅极PIC仿真

Kr是新型低成本离子推力器的优选工质之一。采用三维PIC粒子模拟方法对Kr等离子体在栅极系统中的输运过程进行仿真,并与Xe工质仿真结果进行对比,分析工质类型对束流分布、离子通过率、发散角损失和推力等参数特性和分布的影响。结果表明：相比于Xe工质,Kr工质条件下,屏栅上游鞘层区域更大,屏栅离子通过率略有上升;Kr+在加速栅孔轴向速度较大,径向位移小,撞击加速栅几率小,加速栅电流相对较小;Kr工质和Xe工质的发散角损失相当,但Kr工质工作电流区域更高;相比于Xe工质,相同功率条件下Kr工质的推力值约降低20%。     

中能电子成像仪探头的设计

利用小孔成像原理对中能电子成像仪探头的机械结构进行了设计,为保证探头单元暴露于外辐射带辐射环境12年的总剂量小于5 krad,确定其壳体厚度为约3 mm的铜,探头的角分辨率为20;根据带电粒子在硅中的能量损失规律对探测器进行了防质子污染设计,确定了探测器厚度为1000 m,其屏蔽层厚度为10 m等效硅。最后对设计探头的质子污染率进行了计算,结果表明该中能电子成像仪探头的设计满足外辐射带空间中能电子探测的需求,为中能电子成像仪的研制奠定了基础。     

Investigation on effects of new physics in c→(s,d)e+ve transitions

Anomalies in decays induced by b → ce-(v)e(e =e,μ,τ) transitions may imply lepton flavor universality violations,which raises questions on such phenomena in the...