天然水优势菌胞外聚合物及主要成分对cd2+的吸附特征

利用原子吸收法,研究了长春市南湖天然水环境中生物膜优势菌种的胞外聚合物及其主要成分胞外多糖和胞外蛋白对Cd2 的吸附特性,讨论了时间、pH值、其它共存金属离子等对其吸附反应的影响。利用红外光谱分析法对吸附反应机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明,胞外聚合物、胞外多糖和胞外蛋白对Cd2 的吸附均在pH=6时吸附量最大;对Cd2 的吸附均在6 h以后达到平衡;共存金属离子如Pb2 对Cd2 的吸附有干扰。对Cd2 的吸附过程符合Langmu ir和Freund lich热力学方程。3种吸附剂对Cd2 的吸附能力为:胞外聚合物>胞外多糖>胞外蛋白。胞外蛋白的胺基、酰胺基,胞外多糖的羟基、酰胺基等在吸附Cd2 过程中是起关键作用的化学基团。     

Hydrothermal assembly of (3,6)-connected networks with classical mineral structures constructed from Anderson-type heteropolymolybdate and metal cations

A series of 3D heteropolymolybdates, (NH₄)₂{[M(H₂O)₃]₂[TeMo₆O₂₄]}·H₂O (M=Mn(1), Co(2), Ni(3), Cu(4), and Zn(5)) and [Ln(H₂O)₄]₂[TeMo₆O₂₄]·3H₂O (Ln=La(6), Ce(7), and Nd(8)), has been isolated from hydrothermal reactions and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, X-ray crystallography and magnetic properties. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that compounds 1-8 possess unusual (3,6)-connected networks constructed from Anderson-type anions [TeMo₆O₂₄]⁶⁻ and transion metal or rare-earth metal cations. Compounds 1-5 are of highly symmetrical structures with pyrite-like topology in which [TeMo₆O₂₄]⁶⁻ anions act as 6-connected sites and transition metal cations act as 3-connected sites. Compounds 6-8 crystallize in symmetrical space groups lower than that of 1-5 exhibiting rutile-like topology with [TeMo₆O₂₄]⁶⁻ anions acting as 6-connected sites and rare-earth metal cations acting as 3-connected sites. The magnetic properties of 1-4 are also presented.     

Use of vitamin B2 for fluorescence detection of thymidine-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms

In combination with abasic site (AP site)-containing DNAs, potential use of a biotic fluorescence compound, Vitamin B₂ (riboflavin), is demonstrated for the fluorescence detection of the thymine (T)-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Our method is based on construction of the AP site in DNA duplexes, which allows small ligands to bind to target nucleotides accompanied by fluorescence signaling: an AP site-containing probe DNA is hybridized with a target DNA so as to place the AP site toward a target nucleobase, by which hydrophobic microenvironments are provided for ligands to recognize target nucleotides through stacking and hydrogen-bonding interactions. In 10 mM sodium cacodylate buffer solutions (pH 7.0) containing 100 mM NaCl and 1.0 mM EDTA, Vitamin B₂ is found to selectively bind to T (K₁₁ = 1.8 × 10⁶ M⁻¹ at 5 °C) over other nucleobases, and this is accompanied by significant quenching of its fluorescence. While the sensing functions depend on the flanking sequences to the AP site, Vitamin B₂ is applicable to the detection of T/C (cytosine), T/G (guanine) and T/A (adenine) mutation sequences of the CYP2A6 gene, where the flanking nucleobases are guanines in both positions (-GXG-, X = AP site).     

中心为氨基、末端为硝基的苯乙炔树枝状分子的合成

将固定相合成与“收敛/发散”方法相结合,合成了第一、二代苯乙炔树枝状分子.通过Heck-Cassar-Sonogashira-Hagihara偶联反应,将其中心和末端分别修饰上供电子的氨基和拉电子的硝基,得到第一、二代中心为氨基、末端为硝基的苯乙炔树枝状分子NH₂-G1-(NO₂)₂和NH₂-G2-(NO₂)₄.用傅里叶变换红外光谱跟踪了整个固定相合成过程.苯乙炔树枝状分子的紫外-可见吸收光谱呈现出规律性变化.     

分子印迹微凝胶模拟酶的研究

采用油包水反相乳液法, 以马来酸酐酯化葡聚糖-氨基吡啶偶联物(Dex-MA-AP)为功能大单体、过渡态类似物p-硝基苯磷酸酯(NPP)为模板分子、Co2+为中心离子, 制得分子印迹微凝胶模拟酶(MIGs). 用紫外光谱研究了Dex-MA-AP上吡啶功能基团与NPP之间的相互作用. 用SEM观察了MIGs的形貌和大小. 研究发现, MIGs催化活性受模板分子和交联剂用量的影响,MIGs催化p-硝基乙酸苯酯(NPA)水解反应行为可用Michaelis-Menten方程进行描述, 其最大催化水解反应速率(Vm)和Michaelis-Menten常数(Km)分别为25.1 nmol/h和0.030 mmol/L, 且具有较好的催化选择性.     

检测猪肉中地西泮的分子印迹仿生传感器的研制

在一次性丝网印刷电极上原位制备地西泮的分子印迹膜,将丝网印刷电极通过电极插口与便携式电导仪相连接,组装成检测地西泮残留的电导型传感器,建立了检测地西泮的标准曲线并测试了实际肉类样品中的地西泮含量.通过扫描电镜分析了该膜的表征,与非印迹膜相比,印迹膜表面形成了大量印迹微孔.本传感器装置对地西泮具有很高的灵敏度和特异性,检出限为0.008 mg/L,线性范围为0.039～1.25 mg/L,基于肉品的检测回收率为91.3%～95.0%,可实现现场快速检测.     

SiC表面Ni沉积超疏水膜层的形成机理

前期采用环境友好方法制备的改性碳化硅颗粒,经较长时间放置,发现其由亲水性转变为超疏水性,接触角为156°。为解释这一新的现象,采用扫描电子显微镜、能谱、(高分辨)透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对原粉碳化硅、改性后碳化硅及久置碳化硅进行了测试与分析。结果显示：改性后碳化硅经较长时间放置,表面胞状颗粒增大并出现凸起物,粗糙度增加,存在类似于荷叶的微纳米结构。改性后颗粒的主要成分为Ni、Si、O,其中凸起处Ni、O元素的含量明显高于凹陷处。Ni颗粒表面出现清晰的膜层,膜层厚度为2~3 nm,但结晶度偏低。XPS测试结果显示金属镍的特征峰正向移动近4eV,与镍的氧化态特征峰相一致,从而解释了颗粒表面形态发生细小改变,自发形成超疏水膜层的机理。     

3-茂铁基-5-芳基-1-苯磺酰基二氢吡唑衍生物的合成及晶体结构

以α,β-不饱和酮为起始原料,设计合成了2种二茂铁取代的4,5-二氢吡唑化合物,用IR、1H NMR、对其结构进行了表征,并采用X射线单晶衍射测定后确认化合物3a、3b的晶体和分子结构,化合物3a（C25H22FeN2SO2）属于正交晶系（Orthorhombic）,P2(1)2(1)2(1)空间群,晶胞参数：a = 0.59466(12) nm,b = 1.9402(8) nm,c = 3.1274(6) nm,α = 90.00°,β = 90.00°,γ = 90.00°,Z = 4,F(000) = 1280,DC = 1.442 g/cm3,μ = 0.817 nm-1.该化合物通过分子间的氢键沿a轴延伸形成一维链状结构.化合物3b（C25H21FeN2SO2Br）属于单斜晶系（Monoclinic）,P2(1)/c空间群,晶胞参数：a = 1.3087(3) nm,b = 0.9844(2) nm,c = 1.7752(4) nm,α = 90.00°,β = 99.42(3)°,γ = 90.00°,Z ＝ 4,F(000) = 1112.0,DC = 1.617 g/cm3,μ = 2.558 nm-1.该化合物中每一个分子与其邻近的3个分子连接,以氢键的作用缔合在一起,以此延伸,形成稳定的超分子化合物.     

聚谷氨酸修饰电极同时检测对苯二酚和邻苯二酚

以谷氨酸单体为初始试剂,利用电化学聚合方法制备得到聚谷氨酸修饰电极.考察了电化学聚合条件(电位、扫速及扫描圈数)对修饰电极的影响,运用电化学方法对所制备的修饰电极进行了表征.此修饰电极对对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的电化学氧化还原显示出很高的催化能力,显著降低了二者的氧化电位,改善了二者的电化学可逆性,同时增强了二者的氧化还原峰...     

A fluorescent probe for zinc ions based on N-methyltetraphenylporphine with high selectivity

N-methyl-alpha,beta,gamma,delta-tetraphenylporphine (NMTPPH) has been used to detect trace amount of zinc ions in ethanol-water solution by fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescent probe undergoes a fluorescent emission intensity enhancement upon binding to zinc ions in EtOH/H(2)O (1:1, v/v) solution. The fluorescence enhancement of NMTPPH is attributed to the 1:1 complex formation between NMTPPH and Zn(II) which has been utilized as the basis for the selective detection of Zn(II). The linear response range covers a concentration range of Zn(II) from 5.0x10(-7) to 1.0x10(-5)mol/L and the detection limit is 1.5x10(-7)mol/L. The fluorescent probe exhibits high selectivity over other common metal ions except for Cu(II).